فهرست مطالب

International Journal of Cancer Management
Volume:9 Issue: 2, Apr 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/02/18
  • تعداد عناوین: 12
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  • Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari* Page 1
  • Leili Hosseini, Farah Lotfi Kashani, Somayeh Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari, Saeedeh Sarafraz Mehr* Page 2
    Background
    During the last two decades, there have been spiritual/religious interventions in cancer patients to prevent or treat a range of physical problems, including managing chronic pain, coping with the disease, boosting hope and mental health. Although societies are of different faiths and belief systems, what they all share is spirituality.
    Objectives
    Upon this we put forward the hypothesis of changes in gene receptor expressions as a result of spiritual intervention for the first time in the world.
    Materials And Methods
    In this study, the spiritual intervention was conducted on 57 volunteer females with early breast cancer involvement. Blood samples were collected prior to and after the spiritual intervention to analyze the changes in dopamine gene receptor expressions as the main site of effect. In order to administer the spiritual intervention backed by Quran, Islam and international standards, issues, with emphasis on peace, human growth and perfection, accepting God as an eternal source of power and kindness to build trust and reduce stress, were selected. They included prayer, patience, reliance, self-sacrifice and forgiveness, altruism and kindness, remission and repentance, thankfulness, zikr (mantra), meditation, and death concept.
    Results
    Obtained results from peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples analyzed by real time-PCR showed significant reduction in dopamine gene receptor (DRD1-5) expressions in comparison with those of pre-test scores and the control group.
    Conclusions
    Spiritual intervention based on Islamic principals can bring back mental health, increase hope and quality of life and eventually change dopamine gene receptor expressions resulting in reduction of cell proliferation, thus better prevention and management in breast cancer patients compared to other forms of treatment.
    Keywords: Spiritual Intervention, Islamic Perspective, Gene Expression, Breast Cancer
  • Mostafa Khoshabi*, Mohammad Taleai, Ali Motlagh, Farnaz Hosseini Kamal Page 3
    Background
    Considering the hygiene facilities and sharing the data of diseases, considerable attempts to promote the public awareness have been made by various media; however, most of the provided information is based on numerical and verbal statistics, and may not provide suitable understanding for people in regard with the situation of diseases.
    Objectives
    The main aim of this study is to design an interactive WebGIS system in which people could simply produce and observe their favorite maps of different cancers and environmental parameters. They can use this tools to produce their personalized maps and explore various aspects of the cancer.
    Materials And Methods
    A system has been developed by using WebGIS for convenience of ordinary users without any knowledge about geospatial information system (GIS) to observe the situation of the diseases and environmental conditions in terms of static and user-produced interactive maps. It has also provided the possibility of spatial comparison of the arbitrary parameters in the framework of bar and pie diagrams. This system has been designed and launched on cancer database of Iran where information of meteorological stations has been embedded as environmental parameters.
    Results
    The innovative idea in this study has received less attention in previous works including possibility of producing web-based Choropleth map so that users could easily select the parameters and algorithms for classification and interactive coloring in the system to produce their personalized maps.
    Conclusions
    Development of WebGIS tools and increased cooperation of people in terms of inserting the spatial labels on the map to report a disease or using their views about reasons of occurring a specific cancer in a specific region may cause turning the process of mono-direction flow of information to users to a bi-directional flow of information. As a result, cancer specialists could use the knowledge of local people and residents of different regions of the country to better analyze the situation of various kinds of cancers.
    Keywords: WebGIS, Cancer, Choropleth Map, Visualization
  • Zahra Malek-Hosseini, Abdolaziz Khezri, Zahra Amirghofran* Page 4
    Background
    Various markers are suggested for diagnosis and monitoring of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCC), including cytokeratins (CKs).
    Objectives
    In the present study, the circulating CK18 (M65) and its caspase-cleaved form, ccCK18 (M30), have been investigated in a group of patients with TCC.
    Patients and
    Methods
    Serum samples were obtained from 60 patients before surgical resection, among which the samples of 26 patients after resection were also included. We measured the levels of soluble M30 and M65 molecules by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relation between these markers and patients’ clinical characteristics was evaluated.
    Results
    M30 and M65 in total patient sera were 148 ± 16 U/L and 318 ± 34 U/L, respectively. A correlation existed between pre-operative M30 and M65 levels (P
    Conclusions
    These data suggested a relationship of both M65 and the M30:M65 ratio to tumor progression which might imply their importance in TCC monitoring.
    Keywords: Bladder Cancer, Cytokeratin 18, M30, M65
  • Leila Angooti Oshnari*, Seyed Ali Hosseini, Shahpar Haghighat, Samaneh Hossein Zadeh Page 5
    Background
    Upper extremity lymph edema is the most common side effect of breast cancer treatment that may produce significant physical and psychological morbidity. Pain is the frequent symptom of lymph edema that causes impairment of activities in daily life.
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was assessment of the effect of complex decongestive therapy (CDT) on upper extremity lymph edema and pain in women with post breast surgery lymph edema.
    Patients and
    Methods
    In this quasi- experimental research with before- after design, 36 women with moderate lymph edema after breast surgery participated in the program. Edema volume was measured by water displacement method; pain values were evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS). Data were recorded before intervention and 2 and 4 weeks after it. CDT included the first phase (intensive phase) and the second phase (maintenance phase). Each phase lasted 2 weeks. After use of Shapiro Wilk test for normality, analysis of variances with GEE and repeated measurements were used to analyze the data.
    Results
    After one month doing CDT program, significant decrease of edema was noticed (P
    Conclusions
    This study indicated that CDT program is effective in reducing lymph edema volume and pain in women with moderate post breast surgery lymph edema. It seems that raising patients’ awareness and training healthcare professionals regarding lymph edema preventive strategies have an important role in earlier and better combating this complication.
    Keywords: Breast Cancer, Lymph Edema, Complex Decongestive Therapy, Pain
  • Hanieh Zham, Afshin Moradi, Azadeh Rakhshan, Alireza Zali, Ali Rahbari, Mohammadreza Raee, Farzad Ashrafi, Mahsa Ahadi, Leila Larijani, Masoud Baikpour, Maryam Khayamzadeh* Page 6
    Background
    Postoperative outcome of spinal meningiomas is an important issue in surgery decision-making. There are limited and conflicting data in the literature about the prognostic factors influencing recovery, especially about the histopathologic subtypes.
    Objectives
    This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of some of these factors on postoperative outcome.
    Patients and
    Methods
    This study was performed on 39 patients operated for spinal meningioma between October 1998 and January 2012; their histopathologic subtype was determined according to WHO criteria. The follow up period ranged between 8 - 120 months. The influence of histopathologic subtype, grade, age, sex, surgical approach, local adhesion and anatomical location was assessed according to Frankel classification of neurologic deficit.
    Results
    From a total number of 39 spinal meningiomas, 34 cases were WHO grade I, from which 15 cases were psammomatous, 7 cases were meningothelial, 9 cases were transitional and 3 cases were fibroblastic. Five cases were grade II, 3 of which had clear cell appearance and the remaining 2 had chordoid appearance. The mean age was 51.6 (22 to 76) years; 25 cases were female and 14 cases were male. This study revealed that grade II meningioma cases had poor prognosis in all 5 cases and psammomatous subtype had poor postoperative outcome in 40% of cases while the other subtypes had good outcome in all cases (P = 0.026). Cervical location of the tumor was also related with poor outcome in 37.5% of the cases, while 22.5% had poor outcome in other locations (P = 0.029). Age below and above 45 years and sex had no significant influence on the outcome.
    Conclusions
    Spinal meningiomas of psammomatous type and grade II spinal meningiomas are associated with less favorable postoperative neurologic outcome. Cervical location has also a negative correlation with a good outcome.
    Keywords: Spinal Cord Neoplasms, Meningioma, Pathology, Treatment Outcome
  • Arezoo Chouhdari, Parvin Yavari *, Mohammad Amin Pourhoseingholi, Mohammad-Reza Sohrabi Page 7
    Background
    Approximately 15% to 25% of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases have positive family history for disease. Colonoscopy screening test is the best way for prevention and early diagnosis. Studies have found that first degree relatives (FDRs) with low socioeconomic status are less likely to participate in colonoscopy screening program.
    Objectives
    The aim of this study is to determine the association between socioeconomic status and participation in colonoscopy screening program in FDRs.
    Patients and
    Methods
    This descriptive cross-sectional, study has been conducted on 200 FDRs who were consulted for undergoing colonoscopy screening program between 2007 and 2013 in research institute for gastroenterology and liver disease of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. They were interviewed via phone by a valid questionnaire about socioeconomic status. For data analysis, chi-square, exact fisher and multiple logistic regression were executed by SPSS 19.
    Results
    The results indicated 58.5% participants underwent colonoscopy screening test at least once to the time of the interview. There was not an association between participation in colonoscopy screening program and socioeconomic status to the time of the interview in binomial analysis. But statistical significance between intention to participate and educational and income level were found. We found, in logistic regression analysis, that high educational level (Diploma and University degree in this survey) was a predictor to participate in colonoscopy screening program in FDRs.
    Conclusions
    According to this survey low socioeconomic status is an important factor to hinder participation of FDRs in colonoscopy screening program. Therefore, planned interventions for elevation knowledge and attitude in FDRs with low educational level are necessary. Also, reducing colonoscopy test costs should be a major priority for policy makers.
    Keywords: Colorectal Cancer, Colonoscopy Screening, First Degree Relative, Participation, Socioeconomic Status
  • Andrew Glushkov, Elena Polenok *, Mikhail Kostyanko, Alexandr Antonov, Natalia Verzhbitskaya, Ilgiz Vafin, Svetlana Ragozhina Page 8
    Background
    Antibodies might protect against low doses of environmental carcinogens by decreasing systemic uptake, activation of metabolic pathways, and redistribution of carcinogens within the organism. The features of antibody formation in relation to environmental carcinogens and sex steroids under natural conditions should be determined to identify breast cancer risk, then to develop cancer immune prevention strategies.
    Objectives
    The purpose of this study was to investigate antibodies specifications to benzo(a)pyrene, estradiol and progesterone in postmenopausal women with invasive breast cancer.
    Patients and
    Methods
    A semi-quantitative non-competitive immunoassay of IgG antibodies to benzo(a)pyrene (IgG-Bp), estradiol (IgG-Es), and progesterone (IgG-Pg) has conducted. The assay has performed on 322 serum samples from patients with breast cancer and 179 serum samples from healthy postmenopausal women by using low-molecular-weight Bp, Es, and Pg conjugated with bovine serum albumin. ROC analysis has also conducted to determine the odds ratio (OR).
    Results
    Combination of the high levels of IgG-Bp and IgG-Es without IpG-Pg was more frequent in breast cancer patients than that in healthy women, and the OR has increased to 3.8. Combination of the high levels of IgG-Pg with high levels of both IgG-Bp and IgG-Es were significantly more frequent in breast cancer patients (36.9%) than that in healthy women (5.6%), and the OR increased to 11.7. These differences have peculiarly expressed in breast cancer patients with hormone status ERﳴ (OR = 26.7). The minimum OR (0.4) has obtained at low levels of the three antibodies.
    Conclusions
    Immunoassay of antibodies against environmental carcinogens and sex steroid hormones could use to detect breast cancer risk. Induction of antibodies against Bp for cancer immunoprevention could lead to antibody formation against steroid hormones, thereby increasing breast cancer risk.
    Keywords: Antibody Formation, Benzo(a)pyrene, Estradiol, Progesterone, Breast Neoplasms
  • Maryam Amiri, Faranak Kazerouni *, Saeed Namaki, Hassan Darbandi Tamijani, Hooman Rahimipour, Nasrin Boroumand, Siyamak Barghi, Nazanin Ebrahimi, Seyed Mohammad Gheibi Hayat Page 9
    Background
    It is extensively supposed that vegetarian diet could affect cancer progress and increase the influence of formal chemotherapy.
    Objectives
    The present study was designed to determine the effect of the ethanol Bane skin extract against chemo resistant prostate cancer PC3 cells.
    Materials And Methods
    PC3 and L929 cells were cultivated and then incubated in the ethanol Bane skin extract with various concentrations of 0.78, 1.5, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5 mg/mL in 3 times 24, 48, 72 hours. Cytotoxic effect of the ethanol Bane skin extract on PC3 and L929 cells was examined by MTT assay after 24, 48, and 72 hours. Morphology of PC3 cells was evaluated by Gimsa staining.
    Results
    The ethanol Bane skin extract inhibited proliferation and caused cell death with IC50 values of 2.8 mg/mL on PC3 cells and the IC50 was 6.1 mg/mL on l929 cells. Morphological changes and apoptotic bodies were observed in PC3 cells faced with the ethanol Bane skin extract by staining with Gimsa.
    Conclusions
    The ethanol Bane skin extract could repress the growth of PC3 cell line. This inhibitory effect of the Bane extract depended on the dose and the time on PC3. The result of this study shows that the ethanol Bane skin extract includes photochemical and inhibitory function against proliferation and inducer of apoptosis in human prostate cancer PC3 cells and also has less cytotoxic effect on l929 than PC3 cells. The ethanol Bane skin extract might be a good candidate for the new herbal anticancer drug.
    Keywords: Cytotoxic Effect, Prostate Cancer, Ethanol Bane Extract
  • Hadi Khodabandehloo, Hamid Zahednasab, Asghar Ashrafi Hafez * Page 10
    Conventional therapeutic agents have displayed significant shortcomings. For this reason, important achievements have effectively made in biotechnology for delivering the therapeutic agents to the site of action, and diminish side effects. Polymeric carriers, micelles, dendrimers, liposomes, solid lipid carriers, gold carriers, viral carriers, nanotubes and magnetic carriers incorporating cytotoxic therapeutics have developed. To improve biological distribution of therapeutic drugs, some modified carriers have designed in optimal size and modified surface area. Delivery of carriers to target cells could be done by passive and active targeting.
    Keywords: Carrier, Nanoparticles, Drug Delivery Systems, Neoplasms, Therapeutics
  • Zohreh Yousefi*, Mansorhe Mottaghi, Alireza Rezaei, Sedighe Ghasemian Page 11
    Introduction
    Gestational trophoblastic neoplasms have highly been malignant potential, which usually occurred in child-bearing age women. Unusual feature of this malignancy would be rare, it was important to take in mind the possibility of GTN in different manifestation. Based on the above mentioned, the aim of this presentation would be the management and outcome of a case series of choriocarcinoma patients with abnormal manifestation.
    Case Presentation
    We have presented four patients, first who initially manifestation with signs of septic shock, the second case with severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage, the third case with postpartum infection and the forth case was a postmenopausal bleeding patient.
    Conclusions
    In case of metastatic choriocarcinoma with precise history, accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment have led us to curable results.
    Keywords: Gestational Trophoblastic Disease, Gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Choriocarcinoma, Postmenopausal Hemorrhage, Chemotherapy