مجله غدد درون ریز و متابولیسم ایران
سال هجدهم شماره 5 (پیاپی 89، آذر و دی 1395)

Considering the incrediblly high incidence of obesity in adolescents, in this study, we have examined the association of DASH diet with 3-year body mass index change and risk of obesity in Tehranian adolescents.
This population based cohort study included 629 adolescents (aged 10 to 18 years) from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). Dietary data were collected using a valid and reliable food-frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measures were assessed both at baseline and end of follow up. In adolescents, obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 95th percentile for age and sex according to national reference curves.
Mean±SD for age and DASH score at baseline were 14.1±2.5 years and 24.1±4.2, respectively. Also, the mean±SD of body mass index gain and risk of incident obesity was 1.7±2.6 kg/m2 and 12% after 3 years follow up, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounding variables, higher DASH diet score and lower dietary intakes of sweet beverage were inversely associated with 3-year changes in body mass index (P A DASH- style dietary pattern is associated inversely with 3-year body mass index changes and risk of incident obesity in adolescents.

The purpose of present study was to evaluate the role of perceived social support and resilience in predicting quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes in Lamerd, Iran.
The population of this study included all patients with type 2 diabetes who had documented information in the SedigheTahere Health Services Center of Lamerd. From among these patients, 234 were selected by the simple random sampling method. Data collection tools used in this study were the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Resilience Scale (RS) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF). This study was conducted based on the descriptive correlation method. Pearson correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze data.
Results of Regression analysis suggested that resilience, the support of friends and individual support predicted 46 percent of the variance in quality of life, demonstrating there was a positive and significant relationship between dimension perceived social support and resilience with quality of life.
Considering the fact that support of friends and individual support and resilience are meaningful predictors of quality of life, promotion and enhancement of such factors can positively influence the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Resistin and C-reactive protein secreted from adipose tissue, have endocrine, paracrine and autocrin effects on most metabolism and inflammatory processes. Data available shows associations between inflammation, adipokines and cancer. Medullary thyroid cancer constitutes 5 to 10 percent of thyroid cancer. The goal of this study was to assess serum resistin levels and C-reactive protein in patients with medullary thyroid carcinomas.
In this study, 90 participantswith medullary thyroid cancer (21 males 29±13.91 and 24 females 29.0±14.52 years), and controls (24 males 23.08±11.58 and 21 females 31.52±14.38 years old) were selected. Resistin and C-reactive protein levels were determined in both groups with ELISA methods. Height and weight of individuals were measured and body mass index was calculated. Results obtained by t-test were analyzed using the Medcalc version 13.5.
Between the two groups in terms of age and BMI differences were not statistically significant. The geometric mean of logarithm transformed differed significantly resistin in the patient group and control groups (1.44 and 2.36 respectively) (P=0.009). Mean C-reactive protein between the control and patient groups was not significantly different (p>0.05).
It seams that significant differences in serum levels of Resistin in MTC and control group can be used as an indicator to help confirm the diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinomas.

Methamphetamine is a powerful stimulant that has an extremely harmful effect on the nervous system, compromising the individual's health. This study aimed to investigate the changes of blood levels of endorphin, serotonin and dopamine and some physical health variables following a period of aerobic training in men with history of addiction to methamphetamine.
Thirty men with history of addiction to methamphetamine were purposefully selected and randomly divided into two groups of experimental (n=15) and control (n=15). The experimental group took part in aerobic training on sand for 8 weeks, 3 days a week, with an intensity of 60-75% of maximum heart rate, while the control group had no physical activity. Circulating levels of serotonin, dopamine and endorphin, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat percentage and cardio-respiratory were measured before and 24 hours after the last training session. To measure levels of neurotransmitters, 5 ml blood was collected from the brachial vein of subjects.
Eight weeks of aerobic training increased circulating levels of serotonin, dopamine, endorphin and, cardio-respiratory significantly in the experimental group, compared to controls (P0.05).
Aerobic training can beneficially impact circulatory levels of serotonin, dopamine and endorphin and cardio-respiratory endurance, both for improving the physical status and health of men with history of addiction to methamphetamine and as a non-drug treatment during rehabilitation.

One of the complications of diabetes is muscular atrophy. Considering the role of exercise in controlling diabetes complications, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of five weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on miR-23a and Atrogin-1 genes expression in the gastrocnemius muscles of male diabetic rats.
For this purpose, diabetes was induced in 14 Wistar rats with an average weight of 260±10g by injection of Streptozotocin (50mg/kg). They were randomly divided into two groups, controls (n=7) and HIIT (n=7) group. The HIIT program included implementing four 3-minute sets at intensity of 85-90% VO2max and one-minute recovery between each set with intensity of 30 to 35% VO2max. Twenty-four hours after the last training session, animals were anesthetized, gastrocnemius muscles were removed and Mir-23a and Atrogin-1 genes expression was evaluated by quantitative REAL time PCR. Data were analyzed by using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and t-test with SPSS software, version 19 and Execle 2007 at a significance level of p≤0.05.
Analysis with independent t-test showed that the HIIT training caused a significant increase in expression of miR-23a and consequently significant decrease in expression of Atrogin-1 gene, compared to controls group.
Evidently high intensity interval training due to decrease of hyperglycemia, change in expression of miR-23a and Atragin-1 can be an effective intervention to reduce diabetes complications such as muscle atrophy.

Adiponectin and CTRP-3 as anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic cytokines play an important role in the metabolic syndrome. The effects of aerobic training on both metabolic risk factors is unknown. Therefore we aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic training on and these cytokines serum adiponectin and Ctrp-3 levels in males with metabolic syndrome.
Material and Twenty five males with metabolic syndrome (age: 56.04±4.37 yrs, weight:98.98±6.62 kg and BMI: 32.52±1.17 kg/m2) were randomized in two groups including the Aerobic Training (n=13) and the Controls (n=12). Aerobic Training subjects were trained for eight weeks at 60-70% of max reserve heart rate, 3 sessions/wk. Blood samples were collected at baseline and 48 hrs following the last training session.
Aerobic Training increased serum adiponectin (P=0.002) and plasma HDL levels (P=0.001) and caused decreases in waist circumference(P=0.001), blood glucose (P=0.003) and insulin resistance (P=0.02) ; however, there were no effects on serum CTRP-3 (P=0.30), insulin (P=0.65) and Mean atrial pressure (P=0.12) and plasma triglyceride levels (P=0.24).
Serum Adiponectin and CTRP-3 are associated with metabolic risk factors and insulin resistance and aerobic training can improve patients’ metabolic state with synchronized elevation of the circulatory adiponectin level.

Lipocalin-2 as an adipokine expressed in adipose tissue has a direct relationship between systemic inflammation and insulin resistance in mice and humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of progressive resistance training on serum lipocalin-2, non-HDL-c, and lipid and glycemic homeostasis in men.
In this semi-experimental study, 20 healthy overweight and obese males (22.75±1.29 yr, 90.18±7.28 kg, 28.7±2.58 kg/m²) volunteered and were randomly assigned into the training (n=10) and the control (n=10) groups. Exercise protocol was progressive resistance training (8wk, 4d/wk, 60 min/d). Blood samples were taken before and after exercise to evaluate serum variables. Elisa method was used to measure plasma lipocalin-2 concentration. The T-test and Pearson correlation was employed for data analysis.
After 8 weeks’ progressive resistance training, no significant changes occured in serum levels of lipocalin-2 (p=0.59) and blood glycaemia (p=0.53), although levels of non-HDL-c (p=0.024), triglycerides (p=0.017), total cholesterol (p=0.032) and systolic blood pressure (p=0.002) were significantly decreased. There were no significant changes in other variables. A significant positive correlation was observed between changes of lipocalin-2 with insulin resistance index and a significant negative correlation with WHR in the post exercise compared to before.
The results of this study, confirm the relationship between the lipocalin-2 insulin resistance and central obesity (WHR), with no significant impact on lipocalin-2, although it led to a significant reduction in some serum lipid profiles.

Purine metabolism involves synthesis and degradation of purine nucleotides. Studies show that intensity of exercise affects the organ systems and their energy sorces and also can impact on precursor sorces for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) biosynthesis. The purpose of this study was to compare two different type of wrestling exercises regarding metabolic efficiency and effectiveness of the purine nucleotide cycle indicator.
Twenty one subjects division were divided according to weight, into two groups of circuit training, based on wrestling techniques (n=10) and wrestling traditional training (n=11). After performing functional tests, blood sampling was done before and after of training. The subjects performed circuit method and traditional wrestling exercise four weeks, using six wrestling techniques.
Results showed that circuit training based on these wrestling techniques after four weeks showed no significant differences between the two groups in levels of Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT) (P=0.44), Hypoxanthine (HX) (P=0.54) and plasma uric acid (UA) (P=0.51). Intra-group comparison however revealed that the circular wrestling training and traditional wrestling exercises caused significantly reduced Hypoxanthine values in circuit training (P=0.03) and traditional training (P=0.008), and also showed significant increases in aerobic and mean anaerobic power.
Comparison of these two methods of exercise training showed that these methods did not differ and had similar effect on indicators of purine nucleotide cycle. Furthermore the results of this study confirm those of previous studies that sprint training and exercises that use anaerobic energy systems, effectively change purine metabolism and subsequently affected metabolite production.