فصلنامه علوم اجتماعی
سال بیست و یکم شماره 3 (پیاپی 66، پاییز 1393)

This research explores the relationship between cultural capital and its different aspects and youth’s tendency to fashion. This study also tries to answer if there is any difference between female and male youth in their tendency towards fashion. To answer these questions, 415 young adults - between 18 to 29 years old- of Shiraz were selected as the sample of the study. The theories of Radical Feminists, Veblen and Bourdieu were used as the theoretical framework of the research. Regarding Radical feminists analyses, there was a difference between young male and female adults in their tendency towards fashion. This hypothesis was rejected by the results of the research. From Veblen's analysis, the independent variable of “need for prestige “was drawn. The results of the research showed no correlation between “need for prestige “and "tendency towards fashion“. From Bourdieu's analysis, the independent variable of “cultural capital " was drawn. The results of the research showed a positive correlation between the institutionalized and the embodied forms of cultural capital and tendency to fashion.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the level of collectivism in social responsibility among Kashan’s Citizens in five dimensions of community, cultural, political, economic and environmental. Effects of variables as economic, social and cultural capital and religiosity on citizen’s collectivism in the social responsibility were studied. The method for the research is survey and statistical society in this research includes adults, 18 years and older of Kashan in 2013. In this research, 383 people have been selected as the sample volume and for sample selection, multistep cluster method was used. Findings show that collectivism in social responsibility is weak among most of citizens. In social, cultural, political, economic and environmental dimensions, the levels of collectivism are different. The strongest collectivism among dimensions of social responsibility is for the dimension of environmental. The consequences of the research hypotheses, confirmed meaningful correlations between social capital, cultural capital and religiosity with citizen’s collectivism in the social responsibility. The relation between the economic capital and social responsibility was rejected. Religiosity has the most power to affect on social responsibility.

Nowadays in Iranian's society, the problem of identity hold specific importance and complexity and several arguments have presented about it. But these arguments have more obvious aspects about women's identity. From one side, structural and cultural changes which occurred increased opportunities in education and employment for women, causing new forms of identification. On the other side, the existence of gender stereotypes, faced women with many challenges in this area. Identity is a complex process influenced by many factors among which family structure is the most important one. Therefore, in this study, we have discussed the effect of family structure on women's reflexive identity. In the theoretical part, perspectives of Giddens on identity and reflexivity, his feminist critics and also Castell's perspectives of patriarchy are used. The present study is a survey. Data is collected through questionnaires.384 female university students of Allameh TabatabaI University were selected out of 1,600 through proportional quota sampling. Results indicate that the respondent show strong resistance against gender stereotypes and body management is also very important for them. The highest rate of "decision making" pattern and "division of housework" pattern was among the respondents of the patriarchal family. In addition, research results evidence a significant correlation between "power structures in family” and "rate of women's reflexive identity"; So that the rate of women's reflexive identity in families with patriarchal decision-making pattern is more than other women. In" division of housework” dimension, the high rate of women's reflexive identity belongs to women whose decision-making pattern in their family is participatory.

While paving the way for access to university education, the higher education institution pursues some social policies with the aim of securing welfare services for interested groups such as students, managers, university office workers and faculty members. The present research deals with the study and analysis of documents (laws, bylaws and decrees) as the legal input of social policies. These are related to securing welfare for faculty members of public universities in Iran during 1981-2011. Using qualitative method and content analysis technique, welfare policies for faculty members in this period have been represented under the two concepts of “occupational well-being policies” and “promotional and job security policies”, and the process and procedure of these policies have been recognized. Apart from some “predictive policies”, which are based on Faculty Member Employment Bylaw and mainly concerned with occupational welfare services and promotion policies, other policies especially welfare policies in the framework of programs of Welfare and Organization and Fund for Faculty Members Support, have a “reactive” characteristic. This means that in spite of the enforcement of some welfare policies, the policymakers and even official executives have no clear and comprehensive understanding of the concept of welfare concerning faculty members in Iran. In the light of such an incoherent perception, some social welfare policies have been neglected by policymaker, and the enforcement of the existing half-done policies, due to political and economic policies and also governments’ approaches to the welfare of faculty members, has been affected by the tastes of policymakers and official executives.

Most of experts believe that adolescence period is a critical stage in formation of identity. In this age, they are acquired the basis of a generalized commitment and sense of emotional belonging to their community. The present research, by using theoretical and empirical related literature discusses the empirical study of role and influence of religiosity, national interests of parents and peers and the media consumption in the anticipation of national identity of adolescents. To study the relations, a sample of 480 teenagers -15 to 18 years old- of Baneh city was selected. The research methodology was conducted by survey and by using questionnaire. The results of this study showed that socio-economic base, level of religiosity, media consumption, national orientation of parents and peers and age have direct meaningful correlations with national identity of adolescents. Among the independent variables: “socio – economic base” has most meaningful and positive power for predicting national identity. As a whole, mentioned variables explained 60 percent of changes of adolescents’ national identity.

These days, studying leisure is at the heart of science in various subjects such as cultural studies, life style, sociology of leisure, social psychology and etc. So, historical analysis of women’s culture and lifestyles as an ignored object in recent researches in a country like Iran with ancient history should be contemplated. Regarding rapid cultural changes of recent eras, Qajar is one which has plenty of staggering sources. In this article by using documentary method, researcher studies itineraries and memories to portray women’s leisure. Such attempts give some critical clues about gender culture and life style of women in this era. Besides, this has eligible hints for explanation of models of women’s leisure in contemporary society. Social statues, gender separation and affordability are among significant related factors of women’s leisure. Also it should be said that women mostly participated in collective activities.

The sense of displacement and exile which is the result of forced or voluntary dispersal of people from their homeland is an important issue in the lives of diaspora. A wide range of scholars of different disciplines in humanities attempt to answer how diaspora who are evicted from their homeland as a result of war, colonization, or socio-political upheavals, can overcome their sense of exile and develop a balanced relationship with the environment, culture and language of their home and host societies. This article is a study of the two main approaches to the issue. The first approach is poststructuralist and advocates acceptance and appreciation of “unhomeliness” and “hybridity” in the age globalization. The second approach, which is advocated by scholars of Marxism and Postcolonial studies, insists on resistance to social inequality and reinforces the idea of “habitation” and insistence on belonging. While discussing the two approaches and their limits in relation to recent case and experimental researches, this article argues that any intellectual solution for a move towards emplacement would be valid only if it addresses and shows awareness of what Edward Said calls “situational complexity”, meaning the historical, cultural and geographical complexity of a particular case. Given the complexity and varietyof different groups of diaspora and their needs, it is their right of return to their homeland and the right of freedom of religious, social and cultural activities in the host country that determine and prioritise the strategies of emplacement.