فهرست مطالب

journal of Social Behavior and Community Health
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Nov 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/09/07
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Sakineh Gerayllo, Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad*, Zohreh Karimian Kakolaki, Hosein Fallahzadeh, Farahnaz Khabiri Pages 73-80
    Background
    Health literacy in the 21st century is an issue for global debate, which has also introduced a number of factors including an increase in non-communicable diseases. The use of mass communication, especially the Internet has resulted in increased attention on the importance of health literacy. Due to the importance of health literacy of women, the purpose of this study is to assess health literacy in women subscribing to health centers in the border of Yazd.
    Methods
    This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 250 women referred to health centers in the periphery of Yazd city, they were selected using simple random sampling method, and data was collected using a standard questionnaire of functional health literacy in adults. Collected information was analyzed by the SPSS18 software and appropriate non-parametric tests.
    Results
    Most participant's were of ages between 18 - 30 years. Questions were administered in the areas of health literacy, access area, information access, information understanding, judgment and assessment. Results indicated that 25.2, 56.6, and 19.6% were good, but the percentage of women in area judging from collated information in this category was not good. Regarding use of information, 84.4% of women were in the middle class, but none of them was classified in good category.
    Conclusion
    Health literacy of women in general was unacceptable, and recommendations were made to establish continuous training for women to improve their views. Also consideration should be given to centers to plan the transformation of health literacy which has been launched, to increase the Health literacy of the population being studied as recipients of health services.
    Keywords: Health Literacy, Evaluation, Women, Health Center, Yazd
  • Katayoun Safa Chaleshtari*, Tayebe Sharifi, Mohammad Ghasemi Pirbalooti Pages 81-90
    Background
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group spiritual intelligence training on self-efficacy and social responsibility of high school secondary school students in Shahrekord.
    Methods
    The parallel intervention research method was used in this study. The statistical population included all female secondary school students in Shahrekord during the academic year 1393 - 1394. Random cluster sampling was used to select the samples. Then, schools were randomly selected among all secondary schools and self-efficacy and responsibility questionnaires were distributed to them. Out of the distributed questionnaires, 30 individuals were randomly selected among those whose score in the self-efficacy and responsibility questionnaire was a standard deviation less than average, and then the subjects were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The participants in the intervention group received spiritual intelligence training in groups in 12 sessions. Self-efficacy and responsibility questionnaires were used as the research tools in this study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (covariance analysis) by SPSS23 software.
    Results
    The results of the data analysis showed that group training of spiritual intelligence has a significant effect on the improvement of self-efficacy and social responsibility of students (P-value
    Conclusion
    Spiritual intelligence training plays an important role in promoting the mental health of students. Therefore, promoting self-efficacy and social responsibility, which are fundamental steps in achieving optimal mental health, should be emphasized and monitored in school training. For this purpose, interventions such as group spiritual intelligence training or other successful programs in this regard should be used.
    Keywords: Self-Efficacy, Social Responsibility, Spiritual Intelligence Training
  • Mozhgan Ghasemi Bistagani*, Fahime Musavi Najafi Pages 91-99
    Background
    The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of child-centered mindfulness on social skills and self-efficacy of children with learning disabilities.
    Methods
    The present semi-experimental study was conducted using a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population of this study comprised all children with learning disabilities in Isfahan during the academic year of 2016 - 2017. In this research, non-random convenient sampling method was used and 30 children were selected among children with learning disabilities who were referred to educational counseling centers and they were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received educational intervention in two and a half months in 10 sessions of 50 min, while the control group did not receive this intervention during the research process. This study utilized self-efficacy and social skills questionnaires for children. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis.
    Results
    The results of data analysis showed that child-centered mindfulness therapy was effective on social skills and self-efficacy of children with learning disabilities. This means that mindfulness therapy was able to significantly increase the social skills and self-efficacy of children with learning disabilities (P-value
    Conclusion
    Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that child-centered mindfulness therapy can be used as an effective treatment for improving social skills and self-efficacy of children with learning disabilities.
    Keywords: Mindfulness Therapy, Self-Efficacy, Social Skills, Learning Disability
  • Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad, Saeede Khoshab*, Fereshteh Sohrabi Vafa, Hosein Fallahzadeh, Seyed Mojtaba Yassini Ardekani Pages 100-107
    Background
    Drug dependence among adolescents and youths is one of the biggest concerns in today’s societies. Drug addiction is a serious threat to society. This study was conducted to determine the effect of health education based on Health Belief Model (HBM) on preventive actions of synthetic drugs dependence among students.
    Methods
    This quasi-experimental study used pre- and post-method and was conducted on 100 students of the second and third grade in Kerman who were selected randomly. The data collection tool was a questionnaire designed based on HBM, awareness and preventive actions of synthetic drug dependence. Before the educational intervention, the questionnaire was completed by both groups, and then the educational intervention was conducted for the intervention group in the form of 2 training sessions for one and a half hour. Later, 2 months after educational intervention, information was analyzed again for both groups. Results were analyzed through Paired t-test, Independent t-test, Chi-square and Pearson correlation.
    Results
    Findings of the research showed that there is a significant difference between the average scores related to HBM structures (sensitivity, severity, perceived benefits and barriers, cues to action and self-efficacy) in intervention and control groups about the preventive behaviors of drug dependency before and after educational intervention. In addition, the intervention group had better performance in preventive behaviors than the control group 2 months after the end of the training program. In other words, the value of performance increased significantly from 14 to 16.84, 2 months after the educational intervention (P-value
    Conclusion
    Findings indicated that by increase of HBM component's average scores, the average score of synthetic drug dependence preventive actions increased too. Therefore, results of the research confirm the effect and efficiency of HBM in making preventive actions of drug dependence.
    Keywords: Health Education, Health Belief Model, Drug Dependence, Students
  • Akbar Zare Shahabadi*, Zakieh Soleimani Pages 108-118
    Background
    Addiction is a serious threat to the health of a community, such that treatment costs and the likelihood of its high recurrence necessitate a turning point in the areas of prevention. Considering the role of public places in shaping the motives and beliefs of individuals, this research was conducted with the aim of studying the role of these places in creating a tendency toward addiction in Yazd.
    Methods
    Cross-sectional method was employed in this research and the statistical population consisted of citizens aged 15 - 50 years old in Yazd of which, 400 samples were selected by multistage cluster sampling and they were studied using a self-made questionnaire.
    Results
    The findings unveiled that there is a direct and significant relationship between the use of public places and the tendency to addiction and the highest percentage of drug distribution in parks was observed by 35.8% of respondents. Similarly, 19% in cafes, 9.3% in coffee shops, 6.5% in gyms and 4.1% in hairdressers observed drug distribution. Locations with less damage were government-licensed and located on main streets. Also, there was a significant relationship between the family's supervision of the children's travel and the unreliable trust of visitors to these places with tendency toward drug use.
    Conclusion
    Identification of unlicensed personal service centers and outlying sites, monitoring smoking and drug use in parks and cafes and applying age restrictions and regulations in entry to these places, while paying attention to the companionship of families with their offspring are effective strategies to reduce the tendency toward addiction.
    Keywords: Addiction, Public Places, Tendency, Drugs, Cafe, Yazd
  • Zahra Pourmovahed, Seyed Mojtaba Yassini Ardekani*, Behzad Roozbeh, Nooshin Yoshany, Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad Pages 119-125
    Background
    Substance misuse is often a destructive social and familial problem that can extremely damage the health and well-being of a country's national assets; namely, its adolescents. Since high school is the riskiest period regarding the potential exposure to illicit drug use, this study aimed to determine and compare the depth of knowledge in male high school students. In order to generate the components of an effective and targeted education program, the two cities of Rafsanjan and Yazd, Iran were investigated.
    Methods
    In this cross-sectional study, male high school students (n = 1913) from cities of Yazd (n = 1024) and Rafsanjan (n = 889) were selected through random stratified systematic cluster sampling. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaire surveying the students’ knowledge about illicit drugs. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 16 through descriptive (mean and relative frequency) and inferential statistics (Chi-square test, ANOVA, and t-test).
    Results
    The mean (SD) of the student's knowledge about drugs in Yazd was 17.38 (11.39); in Rafsanjan it was 11.68 (8.68) (out of a possible total of 64) which showed a significant difference between the two cities (P-value
    Conclusion
    Illicit drugs consumption remains a serious problem among Iranian adolescents. There is the need to implement preventive measures and counselling approaches in schools. Regarding the role of an addict in the family, increasing the knowledge of people about the negative effects of drugs use (especially opiates) might lead to the better prevention of this social problem and promotion of health.
    Keywords: High School Students, Knowledge, Social Problem, Illicit Drugs, Opiates
  • Morad Ali Zareipour, Noshin Narmayoun*, Mousa Ghelichi Ghojogh Pages 126-133
    Background
    Social health, as one of the key components of health, plays an important role in ensuring the dynamism and efficacy of each society. It is considered as one of the health assessment criteria of various communities and prisoners have many health needs. The aim of this study was to assess social health and its related factors among male prisoners.
    Methods
    This descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 200 male prisoners in the central prison of Urmia using simple random sampling method in 2016. The instruments included Keyes Social Health Questionnaire to measure social health and a demographic questionnaire containing demographic information on type of crime. The data analysis was performed using chi-square, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe tests in SPSS16.
    Results
    Mean score of social health of male prisoners was 65.01 (10.11) from the total score of 100. Social health was associated with variables like education, marital status, occupation and economic status. The results also showed that assault offenders had the lowest level of social health and there was a significant relationship between social health and crime type (P-value
    Conclusion
    Considering the significant relationship between the crime type and the social health of male prisoners, it is necessary to adopt policies for the promotion of prisoners’ level of social health in order to improve their other health dimensions and to prevent the recurrence of crime.
    Keywords: Social Health, Male Prisoners, Crime