فهرست مطالب
Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Volume:29 Issue: 4, Jul 2017
- تاریخ انتشار: 1396/04/26
- تعداد عناوین: 10
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Pages 183-188IntroductionAlthough vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) methods are relatively popular in treating patients with body balance deficits of vestibular origin, only limited studies have been conducted into customized exercises for unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH). Furthermore, very little evidence is available on the outcomes of VRT in the elderly population with chronic UVH.Materials And MethodsA total of 21 patients, aged 61 to 74 years, with UVH participated in this study. The dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) was performed immediately before, and 2 and 8 weeks after treatment.ResultsAll patients showed a reduction in DHI scores during the study. The average decrease in DHI score was 25.98 points after 2 weeks intervention (P0.05). There were no relationships between the scores and gender.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that VRT is an effective method for the management of elderly patients with UVH, and shows maximal effect on functional aspects.Keywords: vestibular, Rehabilitation, Elderly
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Pages 189-195IntroductionCleft lip and palate, the most common developmental deformity, is seen worldwide and the etiology involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the maternal risk factors associated with the development of cleft lip and cleft palate.Materials And MethodsWe conducted a case control study at the Womens Hospital in Culiacan, Mexico. Medical records were analyzed, including patients who delivered babies with and without cleft lip and cleft palate from January 2010 to December 2015. Multiple variables were analyzed, including gestational age, weight at birth, the use of folic acid and multivitamins during pregnancy, smoking, alcohol abuse, the use of recreational drugs, history of sexually transmitted infections, marital status, socioeconomic status, education, and nutritional status.ResultsWe found that the maternal risk factors with the strongest association for the development of cleft lip and cleft palate were the following: patients who were not taking folic acid during pregnancy [OR 3.27, 95% CI 1.32-8.09], P=0.00; patients who were not taking vitamin supplementation during pregnancy [OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.19-7.27], P=0.02; smoking during pregnancy [OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.23-3.41], P=0.01; and alcohol abuse during pregnancy [OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.17-3.08], P=0.03.ConclusionsThe main risk factors associated with the development of cleft lip and cleft palate in a Mexican population at the Womens hospital in Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico were smoking, alcohol abuse, and patients not taking folic acid and multivitamins during pregnancy.Keywords: Cleft lip, Cleft palate, Pregnancy complications
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Pages 197-202IntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate the potential of curcumin as an antioxidant to increase the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in fibroblasts of the cochlear lateral wall in rat models of diabetes mellitus.Materials And MethodsTwenty-four male Wistar rats Rattus norvegicus were randomly divided into six groups: group 1 as the control group; group 2 as the diabetic group; group 3 and 4 as the diabetic groups that received curcumin therapy of 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. for 3 days, respectively; and group 5 and 6 as the diabetic groups that received curcumin therapy of 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. for 8 days, respectively. All rats underwent termination and necropsy procedure on their temporal bones for immunohistochemical assay to determine the expression of SOD.ResultsThe decreased expression of SOD was detected in the diabetic group (without curcumin treatment). The treatment of curcumin at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. for 3 and 8 days led to significant differences (PConclusionCurcumin may act as an antioxidant against oxidative stress due to diabetes mellitus via increased expression of SOD on cochlear fibroblasts in rat models of diabetes mellitus.Keywords: Antioxidants, Curcumin, Cochlea, Diabetes mellitus, Oxidative Stress, Superoxide dismutase
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Pages 203-208IntroductionCyfra 21 is a serum-soluble fragment of cytokeratin19. Increased Cyfra 21 serum levels and their benefit as a tumor marker have been shown in some malignancies. This study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of Cyfra 21 in patients with benign and malignant salivary gland tumors.Materials And MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, the serum level of Cyfra 21 in 44 patients with malignant salivary gland tumors and 16 cases of pleomorphic adenoma were compared with 28 healthy controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed statistically using the Kruskal Wallis test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Spearmans correlation tests.ResultsMean serum levels of Cyfra 21 were 0.135 ± 0.285 ng/ ml in the control group, 0.167 ± 0.142 ng/ ml in patients with pleomorphic adenoma and 1.059 ± 3.251 ng/ml in patients with malignant salivary gland tumors. There was no significant difference among groups. Cyfra 21 levels did not correlate with location of tumor, clinical stage or cigarette smoking.ConclusionResults of the present study showed no significant difference in Cyfra 21 serum level in salivary gland tumors compared with normal individuals. In addition, Cyfra 21 serum level was not sufficiently sensitive to function as a tumor marker in salivary gland tumors.Keywords: Adenoid cystic carcinoma, Cyfra 21, Mucoepidermoid carcinoma, Pleomorphic adenoma, Serum, salivary gland
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Pages 209-213IntroductionThe Questionnaire for Olfactory Dysfunction (QOD) is a self-reporting olfactory-related quality of life questionnaire. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Persian version of this questionnaire.Materials And MethodsOne hundred and thirteen patients with olfactory problems were enrolled in this study. The English version of the QOD was first translated into Persian. The reliability was then tested by determining the Cronbach alpha coefficient to assess internal consistency. The QOD was reviewed by a panel of experts, followed by calculating the content validity index to determine the content validity.ResultsBased on the reliability analysis, the total Cronbach alpha was 0.88. The items in the life quality and parosmia domains had a good internal consistency in total, as well as in both genders and in different age subgroups. For the sincerity domain, however, low internal consistency was revealed (Cronbach alpha = 0.25). When questions related to the sincerity domain were omitted, the Cronbach alpha reached 0.89. The overall scale validity index for clarity and relevance were 0.88 and 0.87, respectively.ConclusionThe Persian version of the QOD seems to be a reliable and valid tool for the assessment of quality of life in patients with olfactory dysfunction. The sincerity domain cannot be used separately or should be substantially modified in order to be applicable to the Iranian population. However, there is no need to change the whole format of the questionnaire.Keywords: Iran, Quality of life, Questionnaire, Olfaction Disorders, Smell
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Pages 215-219IntroductionWe present a retrospective study series and discussion of the current literature to discuss the management of fishbones in the upper aerodigestive tract.Materials And MethodsFrom January 2013 to July 2016, all patients referred to our referral center because of a fishbone in the upper aerodigestive tract were analysed.ResultsOf the 24 patients, 95% of them reported discomfort in the throat. It was noted that 58% of physical examinations and nasofibroscopy results were normal. Ten fishbones were found in the upper aerodigestive tract. They were removed by foreign body forceps or by endoscopy depending on the location. Foreign body-related complications were not observed. Ten patients with no identifiable fishbone had no symptoms after 48 hours. Other patients, including the 10 patients with the fishbone removed, were asymptomatic after 10 days.ConclusionFrom our experience, we recommend a systematic nasofibroscopy. If it is normal, the patient is assessed at 48h. The complementary investigation by CT scan and/or oesophagoscopy must be reserved in cases of suspicion of oesophageal localization or complication. Otherwise, rigid or flexible endoscopy may be performed when laryngoscopy is unsuccessful or for the treatment of foreign bodies lodged below this area.Keywords: Fishbone, Nasofibroscopy, Oesophagoscopy, Upper aerodigestive tract
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Pages 221-224IntroductionKimuras disease (KD) is an allergic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology endemic in Orientals. Kimuras disease was first mentioned by Kimm and Szeto in China in 1937. Kimuras disease is commonly encountered in Asia and is mostly reported in Japan, China, Singapore and Honkong. However, only a few cases have been reported in the Indian subcontinent.
Case Report: A case of Kimuras disease in a young male managed by surgery is reported in addition to a literature review.ConclusionDiagnosis is made on the basis of histopathological analysis, clinical presentation, and laboratory investigations. Long term follow-up is required as Kimuras disease is prone for recurrence.Keywords: Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, Eosinophilia, Kimura's disease -
Pages 225-228IntroductionPyolaryngocele is a very rare and serious complication of laryngocele. It can present as deep neck space infection and mislead the diagnosis. Our aim is to bring this unusual entity to the attention of surgeons and describe its clinical features.
Case Report: We report a case of a 45-year-old male patient with a five-week history of neck swelling, dysphonia, dyspnea and odynophagia. An urgent CT scan showed a mixed pyolaryngocele. The management consisted of a high dose antibiotic and an excision of the residual laryngocele via an external approach.ConclusionA pyolaryngocele is an unusual complication of laryngocele, which becomes secondarily infected, causing many symptoms. Removing the laryngocele is still the best treatment option to prevent this complication and recurrence.Keywords: Laryngocele, Larynx, Management, Pyolaryngocele -
Pages 229-231IntroductionSubmandibular gland excision is the gold standard treatment for submandibular gland disease. Although submandibulectomy is a relatively standardized surgical procedure, complications are frequently reported. These complications include nerve paralysis or paresis, aesthetic sequelae, hematoma, salivary fistulas or sialoceles, wound infections, hypertrophic scars and inflammations caused by residual lithiasis in the salivary duct.
Case Report: We report a case of a rare complication of submandibular gland excision, pharyngocutaneous fistula, which appeared 6 years after previous surgery. The patient underwent surgery, during which a fistula tract from the skin to the pharynx was found and excised.ConclusionThe authors believe that inappropriate execution of the surgical procedure could result in postoperative complications.Keywords: Pharyngocutaneous fistula, Postoperative complication, Submandibular gland excision, Submandibulectomy -
Pages 233-236IntroductionDiffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) is a very rare cause of dysphagia when it occurs in the cervical spine. It can also affect the lumbar region where it causes deformity.
Case Report: In this article, a rare case of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis involving both the cervical and lumbar spine, presenting with dysphagia and spinal stiffness leading to a stooping posture, is reported.ConclusionCases of simultaneous involvement of cervical and lumbar vertebrae by Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis, presenting with symptoms of both area involvement, are rarely reported in the English literature. When investigating a case of dysphagia, a high level of suspicion is required to diagnose such a condition.Keywords: Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis, Dysphagia, Forestier disease, Cervical spine, Lumbar Spine