فصلنامه میقات حج
پیاپی 94 (زمستان 1394)

Sarourah is someone who did not perform hajj for himself not for others. Concerning Naib who plans to make hajj for his client the question is whether Naib should be Sarourah or not. Wherever Naib is male the majority of Shia jurist don’t consider being Sarourah as a necessary condition, whether his client is male or female but when Naib is female four ideas are quoted from Shia jurist:1. No permission 2. Absolute Permission 3. Abomination (Karahat) 4. Difference between being Naib from dead and living people Through more research and study in available traditions and hadiths the accuracy of the forth idea will be obtained but not the same difference rather the difference between relatives of female Sarourah and unrelated people i.e. the female Sarourah Naib can perform hajj on behalf of this close kin including male and female but can not perform hajj on behalf for unrelated except upon two conditions; first not being Sarourah and second being aware of Hajj jurisprudential laws.

Study of Shrine area from the perspective of traditions and Shi’ite jurists, Sunni scholars explain about the shrine limits and its traditions, research of Mecca entries and the amount of space between shrine signs to Mecca, recognition of located sings and marks (A’lam and Ansab) in the mountains, hills and passes around Mecca, and the expression of their distance from each other, are the issues of this article. Discourse about the signs limits and their distance to Makkah and Masjid al-Haram, among the Sunni scholars, has been continued almost from the first century and many works have written on the subject which were mentioned during the discussion. There are different ideas about the distance between sings and marks (A’lam and Ansab) to the Holy Mosque and Mecca, and in our view, the theory of Huwaitan - measured by advanced software of GPS – is more accurate and correct from other measurements.

Jamal al-Din Wazir Isfahani known as Jawad is from ministers of Zangi dynasty of Mosul in the mid-six century that made abundant Construction services in the two holy shrines (Haramain Sharifain) during his ministry period. In the first part of this article, his brief biography will be stated and a survey on his traits, outstanding features of his life including social services and his praise by contemporary poets and the biography of his son Jalal al-Din Ali will be mentioned. Also in this section the details of his corpse transfer from Mosul to Haramain and his burial in his tomb in Medina is described in detail. In the second part of the paper, citing reliable historical sources, his Construction services in the two cities of Mecca, and Medina, and Mina and Arafat has been described thus his role in the reconstruction of the Two Holy Shrines, as one of the official Iranian figures to be explained and analyzed.

The rise of Islam created very clear turning point in the East and South-East Asia, in the political cultural and economic history of the area. Developments happened in this area reflected clearly in daily life and activities, particularly in the fields of travel and land and Maritime transportation of the areas. A travel dominated by the emergence of a new journey called “pilgrimage” (Hajj) was known and in those areas was highly regarded as the origin and destination of trips. In the early decades of Islam and Shiite arrival to the East and South-East Asia areas,, this route was used only for trade and commerce, but later due to the characteristic of human factor, turned to the one of the most important pilgrimage routes. This article tries to collect what is the related to the matter and to present a comprehensive picture of the historical and geographical situation of the track, which is known as the Hajj Asian routes. This study will also try to explore the relations of these areas with Arab countries in the pre-Islamic era, as well as land and sea routes which Like a beam emitted to the civilized effects of these regions.

The journey report that we have dealt with, not citing the time, the date of writing is not clear, but one which is also of historical letter by September 1914, therefore it can be on that date, determine the range of trip date which is after the age of Naseri, when the phenomenon of passport and pass papers was common. Author of the report, a commissioner having criticisms to the problems along the way, commences the content with “Chapter One” and under the title of “The events, dhow deals and others with haji” and of course his report ends without second section. “Dhow circle violations of contracts” and “Qrantyn situation in Sinai” are from the important parts of this report.

Saints of God Shrines and tombs, specially the Prophet of mercy (Saw) is of the most important ways of achieving nearness to God and there has been a great attention to this problem in all periods of history from elders, scholars and general Muslims but in the seventh century and the rise of Ibn Taymiyya, his deviant ideas became scourge of Muslim nations and with the advent of Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab in the twelfth century, the diversion was completed. The belief in prohibition of travel to visit the Prophet’s shrine and also belief in the separation of purgatory life (Barzakh), are from the outstanding errors and deviations of Wahhabis who They have tried in vogue. In the meantime, in addition to the Shi’ite Muslim scholars who wrote books and pamphlets and presented speeches stand against this deviation, Sunni scholars also with no exception, by writing books and articles, have emphasized the importance and value of pilgrimage to the Holy Prophet (Saw). Although the first monographs on pilgrimage by Sunni scholars is in the fourth century, but most of them were organized from the seventh century onwards, and this suggests that from ancient times this was important to them.

Ghadir tradition in the view of the Holy Prophet (Saw), the companions (Sahabah) and scholars is of prime importance. In such a way that the number of narrators from among the Companions was beyond hundred and twenty. Holy Prophet (Saw) announced this tradition with loud voices in the crowd of Muslims, a population that in the era of prophecy, was considered the largest Islamic community. However, Ibn Hazm al-Zahiri and Ibn Taymiyya doubted in its authenticity, and even they have tried to weaken its authenticity. Therefore, this paper approach in the study of hadith of Ghadir is through the following points: Quoting Ibn Hazm and Ibn Taymiyya sentences concerning the weakening of Ghadir tradition; Providing acceptable reasons to prove the authenticity of the hadith of Ghadir; Introducing the narrators of Hadith; Sunni scholars asserting on several narrating ways of the hadith; Ghadir tradition implications on absolute Imamate of Imam Ali (as); Response to the doubt of Dehlavi and Taftazani concerning the term of "Mawla" which does not apply in the sense of "more deserving" and etc.