Journal of School administration
Volume:4 Issue: 1, 2016

The present research aims in comparing professional competencies of principals in public and nonpublic high schools in Shahriar city and suggesting some solutions in order to improve them. Research method, depending on the type of data, is mixed method of successive; therefore, quantitative and qualitative research methods are used in this research. In qualitative phase, fifteen educational experts were selected using purposeful sampling method. Research population in quantitative part includes all teachers of high schools in shahriar city in academic year of 1394-93 over 950 teachers, among which, 275 teachers were selected by Cochran formula. Stratified sampling with proportional allocation was used as sampling method. Semi structured interview for principals and researcher-made questionnaire were used for data collection. Validity type of qualitative part is content validity and expert opinion; furthermore, colleague reviewing and validity of quantitative part provide construct validity. Questionnaire reliability was measured as 0.913. Results showed that professional competencies of principals include psychological traits, skills (technical, humane and conceptual) knowledge and attitude. Analysis of quantitative data showed that status of public and nonpublic high schools managers was assessed as moderate and supposed average. Also findings show that significant difference (P≥0.05) doesn’t exist between these two groups on professional competencies. Providing teachers with training software and pamphlets is a suggested solution for improving principals’ professional competencies.

The purpose of the present study is to analyze the relationship between transformational leadership style of principals and aspects of organizational learning in high schools. This is a descriptive correlational study. Research sample includes all principals and teachers of high school in western Mazandaran. According to Morgan and Krejcie table and Multistage cluster sampling, the final sample included113 principals and 313 teachers. The data was collected by two questionnaires (transformational leadership style, Bass & Olive, 2001) and (learning organization questionnaire, Neefe, 2001). For data analysis and determining the relationship between the variables Pearson correlation coefficient and Canonical correlation were employed. The findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between the aspects of transformational leadership style (Intellectual stimulation, Idealization influence, Inspirational motivation, Individual consideration) and aspects of organizational learning in schools (mental model, system thinking, team learning, personal mastery, shared vision). Among these components, only the “intellectual stimulation” doesn’t have any significant relationship with the two others (shared goal and personal mastery) and components of transformational leadership style are able to predict the components of organizational learning in schools.

The aim of this study is to investigate the structural model and causal relationship between leadership styles, organizational cynicism and orientation towards change among elementary school teachers. The statistical population of the study was elementary school teachers in Gonabad City in the academic year of 1393-94, out of which, 210 individuals were selected through simple random sampling method. The data were collected using “Change Orientation Scale”, “Organizational Cynicism” and “Leadership Style questionnaires”. Then the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, regression analysis and the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings showed that there was a rather negative strong correlation between teacher's orientation toward change and organizational cynicism. The results of structural equation modeling showed that organizational cynicism had a negative effect on teacher's orientation toward change. But leadership style had no significant effect on organizational cynicism and teacher's orientation toward change. Finally the results showed that, this models has a very good fit.

The present study aims to identify factors affecting the establishment of school of life in primary schools. The research method is descriptive. The statistical population consisted of 302 primary school teachers in the city of Khorramabad that were selected using relative stratified sampling. Measuring tool, includes open response determined establishment of school life indicators for specialists for professional’s questionnaire and open response include determined school establishment of life indicators, particularly professional’s questionnaire and school of Life researcher made questionnaire particularly for teachers Cronbach's alpha was. 0.894 Analysis of the data by expiratory method and using Spss software to determine how to comparison match and confirm and obtained fitness factor of analysis using Amos software. The path analysis, human resources professionals and creative, to design a comprehensive program for the implementation of school life, change the look of parents, students, teachers and the education system in the school and its mission, the process of teaching - learning, restructuring and training education system based on open systems, changes in educational content and curriculum, appropriate budget allocation, coordination of economic, social, political, educational goals and curriculum revision and design of educational space for establishment of life of the school, factors establishment of school of life explained. The results showed that for the establishment of school life in primary schools should be skilled and creative human resources factors, A comprehensive curriculum designed to implement the school's life and change the look of parents, students, teachers and the education system in the school and its mission, the special attention.

The main purpose of this study was to compare management effectiveness in co-operator schools with public schools, based on the perspectives of teachers in Ardabil city. Descriptive survey method was used in the present study. Research sample includes all high school teachers, including 300 from co-operator schools and 900 from public schools in the city of Ardabil. Finally, 292 teachers were selected out of the total 1200 teachers, by stratified random sampling based on Jersy & Morgal sampling table. Data was collected by Baldvin organizational effectiveness questionnaires. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by expert opinion and the reliability was confirmed by alpha Cronbach coefficient and it was 0/89. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and T test. The results of data analysis showed that most of co-operative schools were more effective than public schools, also the results showed that there is a significant difference in terms of effectiveness between the boy & girl schools.

The present research seeks to explain the relationship between principals’ ethical leadership style and teachers’ social capital with mediation of organizational virtuousness in Khorramabad primary schools. The research method is descriptive-correlational by using structural equations modelling method. Research sample includes 300 elementary school teachers selected by random sampling method, based on Krejcie Morgan table. The research's quantitative data was gathered by using ethical leadership scale of Kalshovan and colleagues (2010) with alpha coefficient of 0/91, standard organizational virtuousness scale of Cameron and colleagues (2004) with alpha coefficient of 0/93, and social capital scale of Nahapiet and Goshal (1998) with coefficient alpha of 0/93. After the validity and reliability were evaluated, these scales were distributed among the samples. For analyzing the data and examining the hypothesis, the structural equation modeling with partial least squares method was used. For this purpose, Smart PLSstatistical software was employed. Finally, the findings confirmed all the research hypotheses in a way that there was a significant relation between ethical leadership style and organizational virtuousness of teachers. This relationship was of greater stability, especially when the mediation variable of Organizational Commitment and Organizational Trust was entered into the equation. In other words, the Organizational Commitment and Organizational Trust increases the relationship between ethical leadership of managers and organizational virtuousness of teachers .