Journal of School administration
Volume:5 Issue: 1, 2017

The aim of research was to study the relationship between organizational silence and organizational memory of female teachers at Shiraz high schools. This research was descriptive-correlational. The population of this research consisted of the teachers and by using cluster sampling method 20% of the schools select and then all their teachers which were 205 persons were chosen as sample. Research tools were questionnaires that their validity were analyzed with item analysis method (correlation coefficient scale questions with a total score scale) and its reliability was calculated using Cranach’s alpha. Research findings were analyzed by SPSS 21 and LISREL 8.80 software and usage of statistical methods such as repeated-measures analysis of variance, one-sample t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The findings showed that the dominant silence style of teachers is the prosaically silence. There is positive significant relationship between Acquiescent Silence and Job knowledge, Defensive Silence and Job knowledge and Pro-Social Silence and industrial knowledge and negative significant relationship between Defensive Silence and cultural knowledge. Organizational silence styles predict dimensions of organizational memory.

This research was done with the aim of investigating the obstacles of collaborative professional development of teachers in schools with a mixed approach and using continuous method. A number of seventeen participants in the quality section were selected among university lecturers, educationalists and teachers of the city of Tehran using a purposeful method up to reaching theoretical saturation. Data were gathered in the quality section using semi-structured and deep interviews. The target audience in the quality section included all the teachers of the city of Tehran amounting to 391 individuals who were selected using multi-phased cluster sampling.
The articulation of the quality section was implemented by members’ investigation, consistency of data sources and the researcher’s self--revising and the sustainability of coding was also done utilizing two indexes of stability and repeatability. . Inductive Contextual Analysis Technique and Freedman Test were used to analyze the data. Results indicate that the obstacles of professional peer growth of teachers included five dimensions of “group”, “administrative and executive”, “individual”, “psychological environment” and “knowledge” in the order of priority. In the administrative and executive dimension, “inappropriate assessment criteria of teachers”, in the individual dimension, “teachers’ resistance in peer learning”, in the knowledge dimension, “ weak social knowledge”, in the psychological environment, “ unknowing support of colleagues”, “ fear of discrepancy due to the clarification of differences”, and “ competing over interests” and in the group dimension, “ weak relationships among members” have the highest rates.

This study has been done to assess the educational space condition and the correlation between the educational space and the educational performance of junior high school girl students in Karaj. The research method regarding the aim is functional and according to the collecting data is descriptive-correlative. Statistical community of the study involves 104 schools and 23192 junior high school girl students in Karaj. 10 schools and 384 students were selected by stratified random sampling. The instrument is the researcher-made list for educational space assessment and the educational performance questionnaire extracted from Dortaj standard questionnaire(1383).Construct validity was used for instrument validity and Cronbach Alpha was exerted for the reliability of the questionnaire. The amount of the reliability of educationl performance scale is 0.794. The condition of the educational performance was in the desirable level. There were significant correlations between natural light amount ,light direction, student number, board kind, visibility of writings on the board , thermal and cooler facilities,board height up to teaching platform, class arrangement, and class color with educational performance or its components. Some components of the educational space consisting student number, board kind, board distance up to first row, board height up to teaching platform, class arrangement, , class color, class windows number, class windows size, natural light amount, light direction, visibility of writings on the board, class temperature, and neribouring placesand the components of educational performance consisting emotional effects, planning, consequence control absence, and motivation had significant differences in public and non-public schools .

Over time, teachers improve their ability to raise student achievement more when they work in school environments characterized by meaningful opportunities for feedback, productive peer collaboration, responsive administrators, and an orderly and disciplined environment. The aim of this study was identifying the Context and Organizational factors of professional development for elementary teachers of special schools of students with mental retardation in Tehran. The Mixed method was used. In the qualitative study, the population was consisted of all the education experts. A purposive sampling of 15 experts were selected. The statistical population in the quantitative study was all elementary school teachers who were in Tehran (N=347). Cochran formula was used, and 200 teachers (n=200) were selected by simple random sampling. To collect data, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used. To analysis of qualitative data, thematic analysis, and for quantitative data partial least square method were used. The results showed that the content of teachers professional development consists of 8 factors: Students and their learning needs, teachers and their learning needs, norms of educational system - organizational culture, curriculum and instruction system, national and local policies, financial and time resources, families and communities, school management and environments Learning. Totally, the Context and Organizational factors explained 94% of the changes in the teachers professional development.

Responsibility as an indicator of citizenship, of all organizations and social systems has become obvious and acceptable. Although this concept (responsibility) of the new concepts is an era now known, has led to organizations and managers to meet the needs of today's environment.The current study aimed to reveal the relationship between components of professional ethics and ethical leadership with the social responsibility among high school teachers and principals in Kurdistan during 2016-2017 academic year. The quantity method and descriptive correlation were employed. The study population consisted 3028 individuals, including principals and teachers at secondary schools. In this research for collecting data and determine the sample used the Cochran's formula and determine 341 people as the statistical sample by classified random sample based. The relationship between professional ethics and ethical leadership with social responsibility was significant and positive. Also, the relationship between professional ethics with ethical leadership was significant and positive. The maximum likelihood method was used to test the theoretical model fit of the collected data. Also, canonical correlation analysis was conducted. The tested model showed a good fit for the data. Using this method requires multivariate normal variables, respectively. According to this table fit all the indicators are desirable and can be concluded that the tested model adequately fit the data is collected, organizations and society.

Regarding the fact that managers in educational centers are not appointed on the bases of specific criteria and proficiencies and the very fact that majority of them lack required proficiencies for handling educational management, this current descriptive research was carried out in order to collect professional and scientific proficiencies among managers of primary schools. This kind of descriptive research used in current study was that of phenomenological. The main research question pursued in current research was stated as follow. "As far as the participants viewpoints are concerned, what are components of professional-scientific proficiencies for managers of primary schools? " . To collect descriptive findings, the researcher made use of structured interview to interview twenty mangers that were directing primary schools in Lorestan Province. In analyzing the findings, the researcher first delved into reviewing and revising the text and content of interviews to extract meaningful expressions and concepts. Then the researcher analyzed, interpreted, and coded these expressions and concepts associated with eight main domains including: Managerial-Specialty, Teaching Experience, Social Communication Skills, Technical Skills , Social- Ethical Skills , Motivational and Appearance which were all specified as professional-scientific proficiencies required for managers of primary schools.

The main objective of this research is to explain the relationship between principal's transformational leadership and organizational climate dimensions in primary schools for girls of Saqez. Method of study is applied and descriptive correlational nature. The study population consisted of all primary schools include 18 school that at every school 5 teachers randomly sampled with a total of 90 teachers. A questionnaire of transformational leadership by Kouzes & Posner and a questionnaire of school climate by Hoy to collect information has been used. Both reliability and validity of the questionnaire was acceptable. The Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple Regressions to analysis of collected data were performed. Results show that there are correlation between the components of principal's transformational leadership and organizational climate dimensions and moreover based on the investigations of the components of transformational leadership style, intellectual stimulation is the most powerful predictive school climate component. Similarly among the components of organizational climate the principal supportive behavior has the largest power in predict of principal's transformational leadership style.

The present paper aimed to identify and prioritize components principal’s competencies based on Islamic management principles and with fuzzy Delphi approach. Interviews and questionnaires were used to identify the competencies of school principals. A deductive-inductive approach was applied. In this study, the combination of these two qualitative and quantitative research approaches was used with respect to the type and condition. The research sample includes all principals and assisstants of the second grade of high school in Khorramabad. According to the purpose of the research, sampling in this research was purposeful. Firstly, using the survey research methodology, the views of principals and assistants about the competency components of school administrators were identified. After analyzing the content of interviews, 23 components of the competence principals were identified. Then the components of competency were prioritized through fuzzy Delphi. Factors such as work ethic, legality, broadmindedness, kindness and discipline prioritize in the first to third respectively.

The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting the quality of schools from the perspective of educators and check the status quo of. This study is a mixed methods of sequential exploratory strategy. The qualitative and quantitative phase analysis, and custom content beside descriptive survey was used. Study participants in the qualitative stage educators’ teachers with more than ten years of working experience, school principals with more than 7 years of experience that 20 people were chosen purposefully to carry out in-depth interviews and ended interviews until saturation. To analyze of the data, open and axial coding was used. The result was that the 25 subcategories and 10 categories of which we are: 1. environmental factors, 2. Teacher Features, 3-facilities. Principal, 5. characteristics of students, 6-human relations 7.Family, 8.Educational goals, 9.sources, 10. Teaching method. The quantiative study was based on data obtained from a questionnaire that performed among 288 secondary students from Azarshahr who were selected by simple random sampling. Results showed that the mean concerning the quality of schools is significantly higher than the average and quality of schools is in good condition but two categories of facilities and equipment and training objectives and content of teaching were lower than the average.

the present mixed research aims in identifying the roles of school principals in strengthening and developing thriving at work among teachers and evaluating the status quo of Khorramabad schools. For this purpose, descriptive phenomenology was applied as a qualitative research method. In qualitative section, by using purposeful and snow-ball sampling, some famous, experienced and excellent teachers and principals, who according to parent's and administrator's report can be regarded as enjoying thriving at work, were selected and interviewed. 28 indicators and 6 dimensions were recognized by using content analysis and coding procedure of interviews. In the quantitative section of this research, a descriptive correlation was applied and based on the identified indicators and dimensions a valid and reliable questionnaire was developed and completed by 325 teachers. By exploratory factor analysis, 28 indicators were identified and were classified into 6 factors (stimulating teachers, creation of opportunities to enhance knowledge, school atmosphere, education supplies, the opportunity to choose, and playing role model). By confirmatory factor analysis, 28 indicators were identified and were classified into 6 factors. in the next step, confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the measurement model of latent variable has good fit with observed data. In the next phase, according to the results of one-sample t-test, the six factors of the roles of school principals in strengthening and develop thriving at work among teachers were evaluated significantly higher than average.

The aim of current research is investigation of decision making of teenagers’ consumers and the effects of socialization elements on making decision methods in schools. Being of social divide two whole parts include parents, media, fellows, and school and 8 decision making of teenager consumers include (perfectionist, inform about price, inform about mode, inform about business name, fidelity, self-indulgent, confuse and random) that divided in three general categories: utilitarianism, sociable and unsuitable and the effect of each one has been investigated on three making decision methods. The present study is an applied in terms of purpose, and in term of collecting data method clause descriptive – correlational research. Sampling Method is Random and the tool of collecting information is questionnaire. statistical society of research was all of the students in the 12-17 age of Sanandaj that 200 people of them choose by guidance and high school in 1and 4 region of Sanandaj city. data analyzing did by using the structural equations model and Amos18 software. the results show that teenager consumers by using utilitarianism making decision just effected by parents and fellows. while the teenagers with social decision making effected by fellows and media and also the teenagers with unsuitable decision making effected by media and school.