مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
سال پنجاه و هشتم شماره 3 (پیاپی 136، خرداد 1394)

Background and

Obesity is a major health problem and its prevalence in the world is increasing. Based on studies the diseases caused by adipocytokine production and secretion from adipose tissue are associated with obesity. Some studies have showns the speed up in fat loss due to the effects of chromium supplementation on insulinregulation. Therefore this study investigated effects of chromium picolinate supplementation combined with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise on weight، body mass index (BMI)، waist circumference of overweight and obese individuals.

This clinical trial involved 100 volunteers،20-50 years old with a body mass index above 25 kg/m2; Participants were randomly divided into two groups: intervention and non-intervention. The intervention group received gμ200 of chromium picolinate daily and 30 minutes of aerobic exercise for 3 months but non-intervention group had only 30 minutes of aerobic exercise. Height، weight and waist circumference were measured before and after intervention.

Weight، BMI and waist circumference were reduced in both groups significantly. But the changes in weight (p˂0. 001)، BMI (p˂0. 001) and waist circumference (p 0. 001) in intervention group were significantly more than non-intervention group.

In the present study it was shown that chromium picolinate supplementation combined with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise decreases weight، BMI and waist circumference in overweight and obesity significantly.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used for treatment of many gastrointestinal disorders. They are effective and potent, so their use is getting more and more attraction. There are reports of some adverse effects for PPIs especially in long term consumption. One of potentially serious side effects of PPI is hypomagnesaemia which can be life threatening. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of PPI on serum level of magnesium. A cohort study was done on two groups of patients: 50 patients who used 40 mg Omeprazole less than 3 months and 50 patients with more than 6 months of same drug. Serum levels of Mg, Ca, K and PTH were measured before and after treatment. Results were analyzed with SPSS ver.21 Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Chi square, Mann Whitney, and Wilcoxon. No significant decrease was found in magnesium level between two groups before and after treatment. Serum level of Calcium was significantly decreased in patients with PPI use of less than three months. Hypomagnesaemia did not occur in short-term use of PPI.

Cardiovascular diseases associated with the metabolic syndrome are the major cause of mortality in all over the world. We evaluated the effect of eight weeks combined training on some insulin resistance markers in middle-aged men. In this semi experimental study, 24 sedentary healthy middle aged men (age: 63.45±2.15 years, BMI: 24.10±2.5 kg/m2) with convenience sampling method, participated in this study. They were randomly categorized into two groups of 12 individuals: experimental and control. In the trained group, the volunteers undertook 8 weeks by 3 days/week take part in combiand training. The aerobic program training included: 20 mins duration with 60-70% HRR per session and the resistance training program was performed with 70% 1RM. Before and after the 8 weeks combined training, blood samples were taken and the concentrations of leptin, glucose, insulin and insulin resistance concentrations were determined. Data are analyzed using repeated measure test. P less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The levels of the leptin, insulin, glucose, insulin resistance and body fat percentage in experimental group were improved significantly(P<0.05), Changes in average of two groups in levels of leptin, glucose, insulin resistance, body fat percentage had a significant difference (P<0.05). Reduced leptin and insulin resistance level following combined exercises training might improve cardiovascular risk in middle-aged men.

Clavicle fractures are one of the most prevalent fractures. They are treated with surgery or conservative methods, but the best treatment is not clear. The aim of this study was comparison of operative with non operative treatments in the middle fracture of clavicle. overall Sixty four patients aged between 20 to 65 years with middle clavicular fracture referring to Shahid Kamyab and Imam Reza Hospitals of Mashhad were recruited in 2013. Patients were randomly allocated to one of the two methods. Patients were followed for 6 months and demographic features, standard radiographic indices, DASH and VAS scores were recorded. The rates of acceptable results were more in surgery group than in non surgery group (p=0.001). Surgical techniques for fractures of Midshaft of clavicula have many advantages versus non-surgical procedures and treatment is clinically and financially more affordable and better. Rate of complications was significantly lower in surgical procedure than non-surgical. In the surgical procedure period of hospitalization was longer (p=0.004) but time for returning to work and pain were less than nonsurgical method (p=0.004). In treatment of clavicular Midshaft fractures surgery was prior to non-surgery method and should be regarded as the treatment of choice

Snoring is common in the general population, with up to 25% of women and 45% of men reporting habitual snoring. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is frequent and affects 4% and 2% of middle-aged men and women respectively. In some study, Snoring is associated with a significantly increased risk for acute myocardial infarction and stroke in men and women. Epidemiologic studies in Caucasian populations have shown association of snoring and sleep apnea with vascular disease. We examined whether snoring was directly related to cardiovascular disease. This article was case-control study. All patients underwent cardiac vessel angiography in two catheter labs in Qom hospitals. 92 patients were normal or minimal stenosis (<50%) and another 92 patients were with 1, 2 or 3 vessels disease. Then Berlin questionnairewas completeed by and compare two groups and analyzed using and the P Value less than (‹0.05)was consideredstatistically significant. SPSS16 software. mean ageof patients was 55.83± 10.83,and 64.1% 118 (64.1%) patients were females. This study showed no significant difference between snoring with coronary artery disease (P=0.349). In the other hand, there are significant relationship between snoring and hypertension (P<0.001) and between risk factor of obstructive sleep apnea and coronary artery disease (P=0.008). However, we didnt show prominent relationship between snoring and diabetes mellitus also between snoring also hyperlipidemia (P=0.853, P=0.214 respectively) according to this study, in spite to correlation among risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea and coronary artery disease, simple snoring was not risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease.

hepatitis G virus (HGV) is an RNA virus. The predominant route of its transmission is parenteral. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of HGV exposure in hemodialysis (HD) and hemophiliac patients in Mashhad. this cross-sectional study was performed in Ghaem hospital, although we selected our hemodialysis patients from 4 major dialysis centers in Mashhad (Imam reza hospital, Hasheminejad hospital, Ghaem hospital and Emam zaman hospital). We asked hemophilic patients to participate our study from all around Khorasan (Razavi, North and South). The study consisted of 132 patients under HD and 101 hemophilic patients. The presence of anti-HGV envelope protein E2 (anti-E2) in blood serum was determined by means of an ELISA assay that indicates HGV exposure. All patients were also screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartat aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Data of the study was inserted in SPSSand was analyzed with the chi-square and T test. totally, none of the HD or hemophilic patients are positive for anti-E2. 84.1% of hemodialysis patients and all of the hemophiliac patients had previous blood transfusion. the rate of exposure to HGV was zero (0%) among the dialysis and hemophiliac patients in our study. therefore it seemd that screening for HGV Ab was not necessary in Mashhad.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of irreversible visual impairment among elderly population worldwide. Besides age and smoking, genetic variants from several gene loci have been associated with this condition. Several polymorphisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this disease. rs2230199 polymorphism in C3 gene that encodes the major protein of the complement system is one of the candidate genes involved in this disease. The present research examined the role of R102G polymorphism in developing of AMD. In this study, the association of rs2230199 polymorphism in C3 gene was investigated in 51 patients from Gonabad region suffering from dry AMD with Geogrophic atrophy by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Some cases were chosen at random for confirmation of the PCR-RFLP results by direct sequencing. Also, 72 healthy age, sex matched unrelated people were included in this case-control study as controls which were selected from the same population. Investigation of the association of R102G polymorphism in C3 gene with AMD showed that there are significant differences between patients and controls in genotype and allele frequencies of this polymorphism (P= 0.000). rs2230199 polymorphism in C3 was associated with increased risk for AMD

Recent studies have shown that vitamine D stimulates erythropoiesis,. The aim of this study was to evaluate relation of 25 hydroxy Vit D (25 OH Vit D) with hemoglobin and erythropoietin Index (EPOI) in hemodialysis patients.

Our study enrolled 62 HD patients treated at Imam Reza Hospital in year 2012. The patients included 36 men and 26women, in this cross sectional study. Blood samples were obtained for determination of 25 OH Vit D, hemoglobin and EPOI computed (weekly EPO dose/hematocrit). We considered resistance to EPO as EPOI > 300. Pearson’s correlation coefficient method was used for specifying the correlation between variable levels.

The mean age of patients was 42.26±13.28 years. The mean Vit D levels were 26.54 ± 20.28. Overall Twenty four patients (38.7%) had resistance to erythropoietin. In this study we didn`t find any correlation between 25 OH Vit D and hemoglobin and EPOI. In patients with EPOI > 300, there was an inverse significant correlation between 25 OH Vit D and EPOI (r=-0.42, p=0.04).

In spite of absence of relationship between EPOI and 25 OH Vit D levels in our study, in HD patients who showed resistance to erythropoietin, it might be an inverse significant correlation between 25 OH Vit D and EPOI, that should be approved in further studies.