نشریه کودکان استثنایی
سال چهاردهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 53، پاییز 1393)

The aim of this study was to investigate the computerized training on selective attention in children with ADHD (inattention type). Computerized training with CogniPlus software was given to 6 children with ADHD (inattention type) over 15 sessions of thirty minutes in a single-case design with multiple baselines, and then one month follow up was carried. In order to measure changes, Stroop test and Conner's Parent/Teacher Rating Scale were used. Results showed that selective attention subscales (congruent and non-congruent error) in the subjects were reduced by 54.63 and 52.59 percent, respectively. The results were clinically significant. It seems that computerized training can be an effective treatment for selective attention in children with ADHD in form of individual sessions.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the social competence-based program in enhancement social skills in students with learning disabilities in Tehran. The present study is a Quasi-experimental study design with pre-test and post-test, and with experimental and control groups. 20 students with learning disability were chosen and randomly assigned to two control and experimental groups. The Social skills Rating System (Gresham and Elliot, 1990) had completed by parents in pre and post-test stage. Data were analyzed with multivariate covariance. Results showed that program had significant effect on cooperation, assertion and self-controlling in experimental group. Thus the social competence-based program can increase social skills of students with learning disabilities.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of filial therapy on symptom reduction in children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). It was a pre-test post-test control group design. The subjects were 30 students with ODD who were selected using the convenience sampling method. The parents of these children were randomly assigned in two matched groups, including an experimental group that was under filial therapy training (n=15) and a control group (n=15) without any such training. All subjects completed Children Symptom Inventory-4 (CSI-4) (Gadow and Sprafkin,1994) as pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Data was analyzed using two-factor repeated measures test and paired comparison test. According to the results, filial therapy training resulted in noticeable reduction of ODD symptoms in experimental compared to the control group. In conclusion, filial therapy, as a training method for parents, can be used in treatment of ODD and reduces the symptoms of this disorder.

The aim of peresent study was to investigate the relationship between incounter style and effective factors in parents intervention with academic achievement in children with ADHD. Method of the peresent study is descriptive and correlational. Participants in this study were 50 third grade elementary students(25 female and 25 male). The Raven Intelligence Scale for Children, self-made academic achievement test, family- school questionnaire, parents involvement questionnaire, and parent Conners scale was used as a research tools. Multiple regression was used to analyze of data. The results showed that, there is a significant relationship between parents Encounter Style with children's academic achievement, Results also showed that except of the school Invitations and teacher requests, other effective factors in parents, intervention were significantly related to academic achievement. the reaults indicated that Most of the parents in dealing with children used of negative and controlling method. Among the influencing factors in parental involvement, the knowledge and skills most associated with academic achievement of children with ADHD.

The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the effects of training communication skills on parents marital adjustment dimentions of the intellectual disabled students in Isfahan. The research design is quasi-experimental. The population in the present paper was all parents of intellectual disabled students in Isfahan; 30 couples among the parents of the mentally disabled children were selected randomly in multiple stages for the sample; they were placed into two groups: (15 pairs) in experimental group and (15 pairs) in control group. To collect data, expressing marital adjustment (SPANIER) was used. Teaching communication skills was instructed to the experimental group in nine sessions; first, after conducting the pilot test for both groups, experimental intervention program was presented; then, a post-test was taken from both groups; after running a follow-up test for four weeks, sustainability of training the communication skills was tested again. Finally, the statistical model of multivariate analysis of covariance was used for data analysis. Findings of the present study showed that training of the communication skills is effective for marital adjustment in its all dimensions in two stages of post-test and follow-up stage (P≤0.001). So it has been suggested that the responsible organizations should provide communication skill training for those parents.

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of lower extremity deformities in children with special needs. A cross-sectional study with stratified sampling was selected. Ten percent of students in elementary and preschool and students in the academic year of - 1921 29 were selected for this study. In Tehran 1194 people, 1526 people in the cities of the Tehran Province and in Alborz Province 559 students. Demographic questionnaire, a simple ruler and caliper were for data collection Data was reported using descriptive statistics. Based on our results, the prevalence of hip abnormality in Tehranwas27.4%, in cities of Tehran 16.4%, and in Alborzprovincewas18.1%, In total, the prevalence of the disorder in the samplewas20.7% and was more common in girls. Abnormalities of the knee in the total sample, genu varum and genu valgum respectively were 23% and21.2%. Flat foot and pescavus showed a prevalence of 50%versus10.1%, while the prevalence of hallux valgus deformity was 44.7%. the prevalence of the lower extremity abnormalities in children with special needs are very high and the need for practical training as well as the necessary intervention is required to prevent future pain and other complications.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of determined jumping rope exercises on object control skills in students with intellectual disability (ID). Through a quasi-experimental method, thirty students with ID (age 8 to 11 years) were selected utilizing a purposive sampling method. All participants were tested using object control subscale in Test of Gross Motor Development and based on different scores of this test. They were randomly assigned into two experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Experimental group executed jumping rope exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week and each session lasting 45 to 50 minutes. In this period, control group executed current school activities and had no other sports regularly activity to be effective. Finally, both groups were tested again and afterwards, required data were collected. To examine, whether the assumptions is significant the analysis of covariance was used. Data analysis revealed that after performing determined jumping rope exercises, object control skills, were significantly increased (α=0.05). According to the findings, it is suggested that jumping rope exercises could be implemented for improving object control skills in students with ID.