فهرست مطالب

مجله پایش
سال ششم شماره 1 (پیاپی 21، زمستان 1385)

88 صفحه، بهای روی جلد: 10,000ريال
تاریخ انتشار: 1386/03/20
تعداد عناوین: 11

فارسی
English

انتخاب همه

Prevalence of HCV and high-risk behaviors in drug addiction inmates in Rasht, Iran

Mohtasham Amiri Z., Rezvani M., Jafari Shakib R., Jafari Shakib A. Pages 5-10

Objective (s): The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of HCV and high-risk behaviors in drug addiction inmates.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional prevalence study of HCV infection in drug addiction inmates who were admitted to a prison in Guilan province, north of Iran, between September 2003 and October 2003. Subjects were asked questions regarding risk behaviors for HCV, and blood was drawn for HCV antibody testing using an enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA III) and positive samples rechecked.
Results
Four hundred sixty inmates participated in this seroprevalence study. The mean age of respondents was 34.7± 8.9 SD, (range from 18 to 65) years. Duration of addict was 9.6 ± 8 SD years and 51.7% were opium addict, 18.3% heroin addict, 12.4% cannabis addict and others had addiction to more than one substance. The HCV risk behaviors were common in this population: intravenous drug use (18.6%), intranasal drug use (56.2%) and tattoos (56.1%). Two- hundred nine study subjects (45.4%) were HCV antibody positive that this rate was 88.9% among IV drug abusers. The HCV-positive status was significantly associated with history of intravenous drug use, having had tattoos, and previous in mating (P<0.05).
Conclusion
Infection with hepatitis C is endemic in Iranian prisons. Better access to harm reduction strategies is needed in this environment and future studies should address the need for targeted HCV screening and education of prison inmates regarding risks for HCV.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Study of user's attitudes about the computerized hospital information systems (HIS)

Ebadi Fardazar F., Ansari H., Zohour A., Marashi S.S. Pages 11-18

Objective(s)
Taking the importance of end-user's satisfaction in the overall success of a HIS, this study was performed to assess their attitudes in different hospitals in Tehran.
Methods
Interviews were made with officials of 20 hospitals in Tehran. Research tool was a questionnaire in 8 parts.
Results
Sixty three officials entered into the study. The average age was 40.7 years and 62.1% were male. 80.5% of the respondents indicated that they were satisfied or very satisfied with HIS in their hospitals.In general several factors found to be important to the HIS users. These were: better communication and quicker and more effective access to data, reports and outputs, organization management, resources, proper training for managers and users, compliance assessment inside the organization, ease of learning and implementation, effective support, and ease of use.
Conclusion
The development of hospital information systems in Iran is in its early stages and despite their considerable progresses during recent years, they still require more investment in order to satisfy the administrator's and end user's expections.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Evaluation of the effect of offender motorcyclist's penalty enforcement project on the incidence of road traffic accident injuries in Tehran

Yunesian M., Moradi A., Khaji A., Mesdaghinia A.R., Zargar M. Pages 19-26

Objective(s)
Motorcyclists are responsible for a considerable part of road traffic accidents in Tehran. Recently, a specific project is planned by Tehran Traffic Police aimed on decreasing hazards attributable to motorcyclists. The main aim of this before-after study was to evaluate the effects of this project on the incidence and severity of road traffic accident injuries in Tehran.
Methods
Each day constituted the study unit and data about injured patients referred to Sina hospital were collected in three different time periods. The data from May 8th 2004 (the start of project) to June 7th 2004 were collected as the intervention period; and two periods were also studied: April 7th to May 7th 2004 (one month before starting the intervention), and May 8th to June 7th 2003 (the similar period of the previous year).One thousand nine hundred and sixty five patients that were injured due to road traffic accident were entered into the study. The data were extracted from hospital records and after coding using the ICD 10 were analyzed.
Results
Daily number of accident injuries increased in the intervention period (P=0.008), but the incidence of severe injuries (P<0.001) and also head and neck injuries (P=0.001) was decreased.
Conclusion
The offender motorcyclist's penalty enforcement project was not successful in decreasing the incidence of traffic accident injuries, although it caused a shift to less severe injuries in Tehran.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Knowledge, attitude and practice of pedestrians about driving laws in Tehran

Holakoi Naeini K., Moradi A Pages 27-35

Objective(s)
This study was conducted to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice of pedestrians about driving laws in Tehran.
Methods
This was a cross sectional study. Convenient sampling used for selection of participants. 58 points were defined using the map of Tehran. Almost three points were selected in each zone of municipality zones. Ten consecutive pedestrians passing the specified point were approached and interviewed by an interviewer. Chi square and Odds Ratio (OR) were used for the data analysis.
Results
Five hundred and seventy eight pedestrian were recruited in this study. Knowledge, attitude and practice were seen in 66.7, 60.7 and 54.8 percent of respondents respectively. Using logistic regression analysis, there was a significant relation between knowledge and attitude. We did not observe any relation between attitudes and practice. There was a significant relation between knowledge and education and job, and also between knowledge and age, practice and education, job and sex.
Conclusion
We conclude that practice of pedestrians in Tehran are weak regarding traffic laws and there is an urgent need for research and intervention in this regard.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Assessment of rescue operation in Bam earthquake

Anbari M., Noorbala A.A., Mohmmad K. Pages 37-44

Objective(s)
To explain effective factors on rescue operation in Bam disaster management.
Methods
This was an interview-based study. A sample of 415 individuals from Bam were entered into the study.
Results
Bam rescue actions were based on international rescue standards. The findings showed that the success of the rescue functions in Bam was related to factors such as, human agencies, social order and safety, organizational integration and some infrastructures facilities.
Conclusion
Organizational coordination, safety in the damaged origin, community participation and some infrastructures facilities like electricity, fuel and etc. were important factors that contributed to the high quality rescue operation in Iran.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
HIV risk factors in Iran; systematic review, meta-analysis and generalized impact fraction approaches

Nedjat S., Feizzadeh A., Asgharie Sh., Keshtkar A.A., Heshmat R., Majdzadeh S.R. Pages 45-54

Objective (s): In each society dealing with the HIV/AIDS problem requires a unique response considering the relative effect and magnitude of different risk factors on that society. Generalized Impact Fraction (GIF) is a measure that can be used for this purpose.
Methods
Using a systematic review of reports on three risk factors for HIV/AIDS in Iran, namely poor knowledge and attitude, injecting drug use, and unsafe sexual practices; we tried to find the prevalence and effect size of each in the country. These findings were summarized and used as an input for calculating GIF, when considered as appropriate. Identified information gaps were considered as research priorities.
Results
Ninety three reports were reviewed; among them 53 met the inclusion criteria and provided the necessary information on prevalence. The prevalence of poor knowledge was 29.3% in general population; GIF was 12% for injecting drug use outside prisons, and 16%- 75% for injecting drug use inside prisons. There was not sufficient information to calculate GIF for high-risk sexual behavior (sex work).
Conclusion
Based on the systematic review, main research priorities for evidence-based decision making should help reaching a better understanding of the magnitude of injecting drug use and sex work in the country, incidence of HIV among these and other most-at-risk populations, and strengthen background evidence and cost-effectiveness of any preventive interventions, such as health communication and education programs and harm reduction measures.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Prevalence of unwanted pregnancies and their correlates in pregnant woman in Shahrood, Iran

Poorhidary M., Sozany A., Shamaiian N Pages 63-70

Objective(s)
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of unwanted pregnancy and their correlates.
Methods
This was a cross- sectional study. The sample in this study included 300 pregnant women admitted to hospital of Shahrood for delivery or abortion during March to April 2005. A self made questionnaire was used for data collection and completed through personal interview. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney, X2, and logistic regression.
Results
The overall prevalence of unwanted pregnancy was 31.3% (27.7% urban and 36.2% rural). Of these 56.3% were real and 43.7% unreal unwanted. There were significant association between unwanted pregnancies and number, children, duration of marriage, mother's age, early marriage, and father's age. Risks of unwanted pregnancy increased in persons who did not participate in the pre-marriage counseling and irregular visits to health center, during pregnancy.
Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that there is need for more care on quality aspects of family planning services and specific attention on counseling and training programs.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Patients satisfaction of medical care delivered in outpatient clinics of endocrinology and metabolism in Tehran, Iran

Khamseh M.E., Aghili R., Baradaran H.R., Arabi A Pages 71-74

Objective(s)
The purpose of this study was to measure patient's satisfaction of medical care delivered in outpatient clinics of endocrinology and metabolism in Firoozgar teaching hospital Tehran, Iran.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. One hundred and fifty-nine patients participated in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was employed. The questions consisted of seven domains: general satisfaction, technical quality, interpersonal aspect, communication, financial aspect, time spent with doctor, access, availability and convenience.
Results
The analysis showed that 69.8% of patients were female. The mean age of participants was 42.6 years and 17% have enjoyed secondary education. There was no significant statistical relation between age, sex, educational level and patients satisfaction, however a significant statistical relation observed between technical quality and sex (P=0.02) and access and age (P=0.03).
Conclusion
Although the level of satisfaction of patients referring to outpatient clinics of endocrinology and metabolism was high but there was no significant statistical relationship between age, sex, educational level and patients satisfaction.

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian

علمی مصوب

مجله پایش

Payesh

دوماهنامه پزشکی به زبان فارسی و انگلیسی

آخرین شماره | آرشیو

ISSN: 1680-7626

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جهاد دانشگاهی

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تلفن نشریه: ۰۲۱-۶۶۹۵۱۸۷۷-۹

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فهرست مطالب

مجله پایش سال ششم شماره 1 (پیاپی 21، زمستان 1385)

مجله پایش

Payesh

مجله پایش
سال ششم شماره 1 (پیاپی 21، زمستان 1385)