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نامه فرهنگستان - سال چهاردهم شماره 4 (تابستان 1394)

نامه فرهنگستان
سال چهاردهم شماره 4 (تابستان 1394)

  • ویژه نامه زبان و گویش ایرانی (5)
  • تاریخ انتشار: 1394/06/17
  • تعداد عناوین: 13
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  • Salman Aliyari Babolghani Pages 3-24
    The Achaemenid Elamite language is so different from those earlier periods that it both necessitates and deserves to write an independent grammar as H. Paper (1955) did about sixty years ago. The present paper is an independent grammar of this language based on Achaemenid Elamite texts in Achaemenid royal inscriptions and Achaemenid administrative tablets, including adverbs; numerals; interjections and syntax. The other parts of the grammar have been published in a separate article in the previous issue of the present journal.
  • Ali Shahidi Pages 25-34
    The Garni archaeological site nearby Yerevan, Armenia, is the remains of an ancient complex including a citadel, a Mithraic temple, a summer palace, a royal bath, a historical church, and several Khachkars, inscriptions and bas-reliefs. This paper introduces a Persian verse written in Tabrizi dialect by an Iranian stonecutter as a memento on the right-side entrance wall of the Garni temple and studies its historical context and linguistic characteristics.
  • Neda Hedayat Pages 35-58
    This article studies two specific characteristics of the verb system of one of the Tâti dialects spoken in Gifan, which is located in the northwest of Khorasan and north of Bojnurd. The verb system was found to include some phonological processes that occur when the verbs are conjugated. Two of these processes are vowel deletion and metathesis that are morphologically conditioned in this dialect. Although the general phonological conditions for these processes to occur may be considered universal, the morphological conditions that are necessary to their systematic occurrence are language specific. Syncope in this dialect targets the vowels in the verb stem and the indicative modal prefix regarding the prefixation of modal and negative morphemes to the verb stem and the modal prefixes respectively. The process of vowel deletion in the stem is restricted by some phonetic features and the number of syllables occurring after the prefix. This rule feeds the application of metathesis in some verbs by juxtaposing the obstruents /g/ and /f/ with a liquid.
  • Raheleh Izadifar Pages 59-78
    Numeral classifier is a function morpheme used in a numeral noun phrase. This article surveys numeral classifiers in Dәravi variety of Tâti. There are two main groups of classifiers in this variety. Sortal numeral classifiers occur arbitrarily in countable noun phrases next to the number to classify the count nouns into semantic classes according to their humanness, animacy, shape, physical characteristics, etc. Mensural numeral classifiers occur obligatorily in uncountable noun phrases as a count unit to make measuring of these nouns possible. ʻgəlaʼ is used as the sortal numeral classifier in Dəravi count noun phrases and has replaced the other numeral classifiers in count noun phrases.
  • Abolfazl Mazinani, Aliyeh Kord Zafaranlu Kambuziya, Arsalan Golfam Pages 79-102
    This descriptive-analytic research describes the morphosyntax ofpronominal enclitics in Mazinani dialect spoken near Sabzevar. These enclitics are located immediately adjacent to the verb and despite Standard Persian, they encliticize to imperative and negative morphemes, past verbal stem, perfect present aspectual morpheme, direct object, indirect object, and adverb of location. Moreover, in addition to playing the role of accusative and genitive cases, these elements play different syntactic roles such as dative, benefactive dative, ablative, and instrumental cases without any overt morphological case-assigner. Based on VP-shell hypothesis, the structural case assigning to the clitic arguments was investigated in double object constructions. It was concluded that, historically, the domain of cliticization has been decreased from IP to VP in favour of Ezāfe constructions in Mazinani dialect.
  • Jahandoust Sabzalipour Pages 103-130
    This paper extracted from a research project in the field of infinitives of 30 dialects of Gilaki, Tâti and Tâleshi, contains features of infinitives among these languages. In this research infinitives have been investigated in four main parts:performance of infinitives, construction of infinitives, constructive elements of infinitives and other related topics. The result of this research shows that the infinitives of Caspian dialects have a lot of inflectional similarities. In most of these dialects the infinitive is used in impersonal verbs, continuous past tense verbs, continuous present tense verbs, and negative verbs; it is also used as a noun group and a subordinate verb. Simple and prefixed infinitives are being forgotten, compound infinitives being used extensively. In the structure of the infinitives of this area, there are eight locations for different affixes, e.g. causative affix, passive affix, derivational affix, and past tense maker affix. In these dialects, as a result of grammaticalization, infinitives can even be used as prepositions.
  • Hekmat Malekzadeh Pages 131-158
    Standard Persian and Tajiki are two different varieties of the same language. This paper discusses the differences and similarities between these two varieties in the field of the tense of the verb (past, present, future).