Hormozgan Medical Journal
Volume:19 Issue: 5, Dec-Jan 2016

Early diagnosis of bacteremia and its complications is the most important part of the care and management of the children. The utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques has been shown to identify pathogens in less and more optimal time. The aim of our study was to evaluate the importance and prevalence of occult bacteremia using universal PCR of blood in 3-36 month children with fever without source in Pediatric Medical Center comparing other routine methods like blood culture.
100 febrile children in 3-36 month age suspected to Bacteremia with fever without source, who was admitted in children’s hospital of Bandar Abbas, were evaluated. All of them had negative blood culture. Blood samples were taken from all patients for PCR and other clinical tests such as CRP, ESR and CBC.
The mean temperature of the body was>39o c at presenting time. 23 patients had positive PCR test, which none of them had positive blood cultures. Laboratory findings such as WBC, ESR, and CRP had no significant difference to PCR results.
Universal PCR technique is more sensitive and specific than conventional blood culture and other methods to diagnose organism cause bacteremia

Reduction in blood sugar and prolong the duration of fasting in infants and children’s surgery have many damages. The aim of this study is to determine the affecting factors on the reduction of fasting blood sugar before an elective surgery for children.
This study is a randomized single-blind clinical trial and examining the patients that are performed on 60 children for undergoing elective surgery and the effect of age variables and duration of fasting on fasting blood sugar before induction of anesthesia was reviewed. Children were divided into seven groups based on fasting duration and were divided into four groups based on the age. Clotted blood sugar levels before induction of anesthesia and injecting of serum were examined. The information was analyzed by using descriptive statistics and T-test with SPSS software.
The highest incidence of hypoglycemia (blood sugar of 59-50) was observed in children aged above 5 years (35.7%) and during the fasting hours more than 10.5 hours (40%). The impact of age and hours of fasting variables on blood sugar was statistically significant (P>0.0001).
The causes of hypoglycemia are with increasing age, duration of fasting, likely less attention to children’s clinical signs and hypoglycemia behavior, lack of adequate and proper fluids alternatives, giving lower risk and higher tolerance in older children to prolong fasting duration. It is recommended to prepare a checklist of clinical symptoms and behaviors in children and specified times before, during and after surgery shall be assessed and monitored. In addition, the fasting tolerance duration should be reviewed and new review and guide should be announced for the volume, type and duration of fluid intake before surgery in children. Obstacles to increase the waiting duration for patients’ surgery must be reviewed and eliminated

A few data are available about effect of resistance training on serum concentration of chemerin, a new adipokine, and cardio-metabolic risk factors in sedentary underweight men. However, being underweight and sedentary, both independently influence on health. The purpose of this study was to survey response of circulating levels of chemerin and some of cardio-metabolic risk factors in sedentary underweight men following a period of resistance training.
In a semi-experimental study, nineteen subjects were selected from the sedentary underweight men of Boukan and Saghez cities and randomly placed in resistance training (and control) groups. Resistance training protocol consisted of twelve weeks weight training. ELISA and Chemiluminescence methods were used to measure levels of biochemical variables. Data analyzed by SPSS 16 software. Independent- and paired-samples t-test were used for analyzing data. Statistical significance was accepted at P In training group, systolic blood pressure (P=0.015), diastolic blood pressure (P=0.012), serum concentrations of insulin (P=0.019), triglyceride (P=0.030), and HOMA-IR (P=0.017) were reduced, while serum concentrations of chemerin (P=0.178), glucose (P=0.248), TC (P=0.329), high-density lipoprotein (P=0.388), and low-density lipoprotein (P=0.116) didn’t find significant changes. In the control group, none of measured variables showed significant changes (P>0.05).
Performing a twelve-week period of resistance training has no effect on the serum concentration of chemerin in sedentary underweight men, but by improving blood pressure, lipid profile, and glycemic control, it can result in useful cardio-metabolic effects for this population.

Atherosclerosis has been identified as the most agents for premature death and disability and of its injuries is growing masses of fatty materials with fibrous connective tissue and deposition of calcium salts and other blood materials. To do research on atherosclerosis, in creating hypercholesterolemia animal model is important.
In this wxperimental study, 4 groups of rats were used (n=12). Group 1 and Group 2 received food-based dietary and Group 2 addition of it, received 2% cholesterol and 0.5% colic acid. Groups 3 and 4 in addition to the group 2 food, respectively. Vitamin D 3 (300000IU/Kg BW) and vitamin D2 (15000IU/Kg BW), received group 3 had the highest cholesterol levels after 6 weeks that were distributed to 3 subtypes A, B and C. A subgroup received previous diet, and subtypes B and C, in addition to the previous feed, respectively received genistein with doses 1.5 and 3 mg/kg BW for 6 weeks. For statistical analysis of the data ANOVA and LSD tests were used and P In the first stage there were significant differences in cholesterol, LDL, LDL/HDL and atherogenic index between experimental and control groups and also between group 3 and other two treatment groups that is the effect of vitamin D3 for hypercholesterolemia model. The Second stage, revealed the effect of genistein to reduce the cardiovascular damage.
Vitamin D3 is one of atherogenic factors that if it be accompanied with high cholesterol, can be caused atherosclerosis similar to human that can be used for studying related to atherosclerosis. Types of isoflavones in diets can reduce atherosclerotic damages due of vitamin D3 accompanied with high cholesterol.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder associated with metabolic disorders and infertility. Evidence suggests that the adipose tissue secreted products, adipokines, play an important role in the pathophysiology of PCOS. Reciprocally, PCOS influences on the adipokines serum content, also on gene or protein expression of some of them. Finding out of association between serum levels of adipokines and PCOS will help to understand the pathology of PCOS and identify treatment solutions of this syndrome. In this paper, we review the assosiation of several known adipokines with polycystic ovary syndrome.

About 90 percent of women experience one of Pre-Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) symptoms. PMS is identified with periodic relapse of a combination of physical, psychological and/or troublesome changes that occur during the luteal phase of menstruation cycle. One of psychological symptoms is depression. These symptoms influence on the quality of women relationships in family, workplace and society. Therefore, this research has done to study the effect of problem-solving treatment on reducing depression and premenstrual symptoms in girls with premenstrual syndrome.
Research design was pretest-posttest with the control group. Target population was all students of Tehran Payam Noor University from which 30 individuals with medium depression as well as with PMS were selected as sample through aimed random sampling and assigned randomly in two control and experimental groups. Research instruments were Beck Depression Inventory and Pre-Menstrual Syndrome Diagnosis Questionnaire. Problem-solving treatment was trained in the experimental group during 6 sessions, one hour per every week.
Findings showed that problem-solving treatment influenced on reducing depression and premenstrual symptoms (P Because of the short duration of treatment and ease of training, problem-solving skill can lead to promoting individual mental health level. Therefore, problem-solving treatment is recommended by itself or along with pharmacotherapy in individuals, that pharmacotherapy is not considered or is insufficient.

Fluoride counts an essential element for human health. Therefore, both low and excessive concentrations of that element in drinking water may cause health problems for the consumers. The present study aims to optimize fluoride base in drinking water using Alum response surface methodology.
The present study is an analytical research which uses surface response method based on Bax Banken model for the optimizing of variable effects in elimination of drinking water fluoride where Spectrophotometer (UNICO-(UV/VIS), model 2150 according to the method of SPADNS presented in standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater has been employed. Three variables of initial concentration of fluoride, PH, and Alum were studied in three levels (, 0,-1). The required numbers of samples were 17 according to the model. Experimental results were analyzed using Design Expert 7 software. The experiments were carried out randomly in order to the elimination of systematic error. The research data were analyzed using multiple regression and coefficients as well as ANOVA where (P≤0.05) determined as significant level.
The results showed that initial concentration of fluoride, PH, and Alum are effective in determining the optimal sitaation. Each of these factors increases the efficiency of fluoride elimination to a certain level and after that which the efficiency decreases. In this process optimal conditions included initial concentration of fluoride3.25 mg/L, PH 6.55, and Alum concentration of 166 mg/L where in an efficient condition. Fluoride elimination equal to 76.83% with a desirability of 97.2%.
The results showed good agreement wbetween experimental and model predictions. It can be concluded that response surface methodology is a useful method for optimization of operating factors for the process of coagulation.

High sound, is an occupational and environmental hazard common. Hospitals as medical and health care setting are affected by noise sources. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the noise pollution in Shiraz hospitals.
A cross-sectional study in different parts and the area around the 8 educational and non-educational hospitals in Shiraz was performed. For all hospitals Indices Leq (inside and outside), lmax, lmin, and SIL were measured in the morning, afternoon and night by Sound level meter TES 1358. Data was analyzed by SPSS 16 and Test ANOVA and t-test and Measurement Repetitive were performed.
Average measured parameters Leq (inside and outside), lmax, lmin, and SIL in all hospitals and in different shifts was more than limits of the country. The average leq inside and outside were between 53 to 60 and 65 to 85 dB, respectively in teaching hospitals and 49 to 58 and 48 to 71 dB in non-teaching hospitals were variable. Average all parameters in teaching hospitals was more than for non-teaching hospitals.
In all sites and times of day and night, even at night shifts, the noise pollution is a serious problem in all hospitals. Thus, engineering control and management measures are recommended to improve the environment of medical and choice of appropriate equipment.

Malaria is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In all provinces of Iran except Sistan and Baluchestan, Hormozgan and the tropical parts of Kerman, malaria is under control. However, due to favorable conditions, the possibility of incidence in parts of the country still exists. So Disease surveillance and epidemiological study is necessary to control the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate malaria in larestan during 2001-2011.
This study was a cross-sectional–descriptive study. Use of patient records was conducted during 2001-2011 at the Larestan Center for Disease. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients extract from the recorded documents and descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage frequency) and surveillance indicators ABER, SPR, API were calculated. For data analysis and calculation of indicators SPSS 16 and Excel 2007 software were used.
623 cases were recorded. 87.5% was men, and 6.9% was Iranian. 89.4% suffering vivax, 7.4% falciparum and 3.2% was mixed. In addition, from an epidemiological point of view 52.5% were introduced cases, 45.9% were relapse cases, 1.6% were Indigenous cases, and none of them from local communication. 2 deaths were reported in 2001 and 2002. ABER index was 4.1 in 2009 compare to 1.8 in 2005. SPR index was 2.7 in 2001 compare to 0.05 for 2010, and API index was 95 per thousand in 2002 compare to 1.28 in 2011. SPR and API indices have regular decreasing.
Results showed a regular decreasing trend in the incidence of malaria in larestan. If this trend and surveillance continue in the future, malaria will not be a health problem for larestan in future.

An appropriate emergency management and treatment plan are important for good prognosis of avulsed teeth. Extra alveolar dry time and the storage media used to transport the tooth are critical factors for successful and long-term outcomes. Knowledge of dentists for appropriate treatment plan and good prognosis is important. The Purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of general dentists working in Bandar Abbas about the management of avulsed teeth.
During this descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional study, which was performed in 2013, knowledge of general dental practitioners working in Bandar Abbas about treatment of dental avulsion was evaluated. 110 dentists were participated for inclusion in the study. Data collection was performed through a researcher made questionnaire and included two parts; demographic data and questions about knowledge which validity and reliability was verified. The Knowledge level of the participant dentists in this study were divided into three categories poor (scores between 0-4), intermediate (scores between 5-9) and good (scores between 10-14).Data obtained were entered into an SPSS 16 and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test. A level of 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.
This study showed the knowledge level of majority of dentists (59.3%) is moderate. The association between knowledge scores and gender, previous experience in the treatment of avulsion and postgraduate education in dental trauma were not statistically significant.
Due to the level of knowledge of dentists in this study, dentists need to be regularly educated in order to reduce or prevent inadequate care of traumatic dental injuries