فهرست مطالب
Hormozgan Medical Journal
Volume:20 Issue: 2, Jun-Jul 2016
- تاریخ انتشار: 1395/06/09
- تعداد عناوین: 10
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صفحات 81-90مقدمهتهوع و استفراغ یکی از عوارض بی حسی نخاعی در جراحی سزارین می باشد. هدف این مطالعه، مقایسه اثرات ترکیب متوکلوپراماید دگزامتازون با اندانسترون در پیشگیری از تهوع و استفراغ حین بی حسی نخاعی برای جراحی - سزارین بود.روش کاراین مطالعه، 212 خانم حامله ( 17 تا 45 سال) کاندید عمل جراحی سزارین الکتیو با کلاس فیزیکی ) ASA 1 ) و 2 به صورت تصادفی وارد کارآزمایی بالینی دوسوکور شدند. قبل از انجام بی حسی نخاعی، بیماران گروه اول 8 میلیگرم دگزامتازون و 10میلیگرم متوکلوپرامید را به صورت وریدی دریافت کرده و بیماران گروه دوم میلیگرم اندانسترون به صورت وریدی دریافت کردند.نتایجبیماران دو گروه از نظر متغیرهای دموگرافیک و همچنین ضربان قلب، فشارخون سیستولیک و دیاستولیک در زمان های قبل از بلوک و در دقایق 1،3،5 و 10 بعد از بلوک تفاوت قابل توجهی نداشتند (0/05نتیجه گیریترکیب متوکلوپرامید دگزامتازون در پیشگیری از تهوع و استفراغ حین جراحی سزارین در خانم هایی که - عوارض مرتبط با حاملگی ندارند، موثر است.کلیدواژگان: متوکلوپرامید، استفراغ، اندانسترون، بی حسی نخاعی
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صفحات 109-118
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صفحه 161مقدمهخودکشی از آشفتگی های روانی و اجتماعی ناشی میگردد و خانواده به عنوان نهادی واسط از نقشی دوگانه در این بین برخوردار است، از یکسو مهیاکننده عوامل محافظ سلامتی بوده و در عین حال، بدکارکردی های خانواده به مثابه عاملی خطرساز در خودکشی عمل میکند. این تحقیق به منظور بررسی عوامل خطرساز و کارکرد خانواده در بین اقدامکنندگان به خودکشی طراحی گردیده است.روش کارطرح پژوهش توصیفی بوده به روش پیمایش و به طور مقطعی در نیمه دوم سال 29 در شهرستان بندرعباس اجرا گردید. جامعه آماری اقدامکنندگان به خودکشی بودند که در طول دوسال اخیر به مرکز اورژانس بیمارستان شهید محمدی ارجاع شده بودند. از طریق نمونه گیری در دسترس حجم نمونه ای شامل 05 نفر داوطلبین انتخاب شدند. داده ها با استفاده از ابزار سنجش خانواده و پرسشنامه محقق ساخته جمع آوری گردیده و از طریق نرم افزار SPSS آماره های توصیفی و آزمون t ، کای اسکور و آزمون دوجمله ای مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.نتایجیافته ها تفاوت معنی داری را در تمامی ابعاد ناکارآمدی خانواده نشان داد؛ به طوری که در میان آنها دو بعد آمیختگی عاطفی و کنترل رفتار بالاترین درصدها را به خود اختصاص داده بودند.نتیجه گیریعوامل خانوادگی هم به لحاظ خطرساز بودن و هم محافظ بودن نقشی حیاتی در خودکشی دارند. لازم است دستاندرکاران در اتخاذ رویه های درمانی و مداخلات پیشگیرانه به آن توجه کنند.کلیدواژگان: خودکشی، عوامل خطرساز، عوامل محافظ
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Pages 81-90IntroductionNausea and vomiting is one of the complications of spinal anesthesia in cesarean section. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dexamethasone-metocloprmide with ondansetrone on preventing nausea and vomiting during spinal Anesthesia for cesarean section.MethodsIn this study 212 pregnant women (17-45 years old) candidate for elective cesarean section with an ASA I-II were subjected to a randomized double blind clinical trial. Before spinal anesthesia was applied the first group received 8 milligram dexamethasone and 10 milligram metoclopramide intravenously, the second group received 8 milligram ondansetrone intravenously.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the demographic variables, and also heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures at before neuroaxial block and at 1, 3, 5 and 10 minutes after block. )P>0.05). The Apgar score between the two groups was significantly different at the first (P=0.028), fifth (P=0.001) and twentieth minute (P=0.019). The overall incidence of nausea was 11.3% with no significant difference between the groups (P=0.665). No patient in the dexamethasone-metocloprimde group experienced any vomiting and in the ondansetrone group only 5 patients (4.7%) had vomiting (P>0.05).ConclusionThe combination of dexamethasone and metocloprimde is effective in preventing nausea and vomiting during cesarean section in women who have no other pregnancy related complicationsKeywords: Metoclopramide, Vomiting, Ondansetron, Spinal Anesthesia
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Evaluation of Vitamin D Level and its Correlation to Vascular Calcification in Hemodialysis PatientsPages 91-97IntroductionCompared with the general population, hemodialysis patients are at increased risk of vascular calcification, which in turn is associated with an increased risk of mortality. Regarding the role of vitamin D in bone formation, regulation of calcium, phosphate and iPTH level and correlation of these variables in survival, this study was performed to evaluate the vitamin D serum level and its correlation with vascular calcification in hemodialysis patients.MethodsIn this analytical, cross-sectional study one hundred hemodialysis patients who referred for dialysis to Shahid Mohammadi hospital in Bandar Abbas were evaluated in 2011. Patients older than 15 years on regular hemodialysis (at least dialyzed for 3 months) were selected as study population and patients who had undergone parathyroidectomy were excluded. Variables such as age, sex, BMI, hemodialysis duration, vitamin D, ferritin, PTH, calcium, phosphate, hemoglobin and CRP were specified. Vascular calcification in lateral x-ray of abdomen determined based on scoring system to abdominal aortic calcification in front of lumbar spines (L1-L4). Data analysis was performed by SPSS software and t-test and Chi-Square test.ResultsIn this study 25% of hemodialysis patients had vitamin D deficiency that in male and female were similar. The prevalence of vascular calcification based on plain lateral abdominal x-ray was 52. 2%, that was included 55% women and 45% men. No relationship was found between vascular calcification and Vitamin D serum level, but there was positive correlation between vascular calcification and patient's age, also higher level of serum Ferritin was detected in patients with higher Vitamin D level (P=0.001).ConclusionIn summary our study results showed the low prevalence (25%) of Vitamin D deficiency in hemodialysis patients as compared to similar studies in other countries that may be related to geographical situation of the region. No relationship was found between Vitamin D serum level and vascular calcification. In this study the vascular calcification has been evaluated with plain x-ray that is not a high sensitive test. For measuring vascular calcification our recommendation is to perform more sensitive testsKeywords: Vascular Calcification, Vitamin D, Hemodialysis
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Pages 99-107IntroductionMyostatin regulates skeletal muscle mass and adipogenesis, but serum response to continuous and discontinuous exercises training it has not been studied in menopause and menstrual groups of women. The purpose of this study was to investigate the serum response of myostatin, insulin and glucose to use four different aerobic exercises training in menopause and menstrual groups of women.MethodsSeventeen overweight women (BMI>30 and 40-50 years old) in Bandar abbas voluntarily participated in this study and randomly divided into two groups: menopausal (n=8) and menstrual (n=9) groups. Myostatin, insulin and glucose were measured before and after four different exercise sessions including continuous and discontinuous aerobic training in water and on treadmill. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and Analysis of covariance.ResultsMyostatin levels were significantly decreased after continuous and discontinuous training in water, and discontinuous training on treadmill in menopause group (PConclusionThe lowest myostatin response was seen in discontinuous training in water in both menopause and menstrual groups, while the highest myostatin response observed in menopause group who committed continuous training on treadmill. This study suggested that discontinuous than continuous exercise, and exercise in the water than on treadmill, Lead to better response in variables are listedKeywords: Exercise, Overweight, Menopause, Myostation
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Pages 109-118IntroductionRecently, orthognathic surgery is widely used in reconstruction and aesthetics over the world and has found its place in plastic surgery, especially in moderate to severe skeletal deformities. The relationship between facial hard and soft tissues consequently has been raised in planning the surgery and assessment of postoperative changes. Photogrammetry is the reasonable and simple technique to assess the surgeries in this regard which was applied through the current research to evaluate pre- and postoperative facial parameters.MethodsBetween 2012 and 2014, 29 patients including 13 females and 16 males enrolled the study. The mean±SD of age was 27.3±4.65 years in men and 25.71±2.41 years in women. Patients who referred to a hospital in Tehran, Iran, were reviewed using their charts and enrolled the study regarding inclusion and exclusion criteria before being invited to get postoperative 6-24 months after their surgery for photogrammetry in this cross-sectional performance.Results29 patients including 13 females and 16 males enrolled the study. The mean±SD of age was 27.3±4.65 years in men and 25.71±2.41 years in women. The facial convexity and the total facial contour had the most changes after the cervicomental and mentolabial angles which was about 5 degrees. In terms of longitudinal parameters, the bigonial breadth showed the most changes followed by the lower lip height and the central lower lip height. The surgery was effective to change physiognomic and morphologic face parameters with much more changes in women (PConclusionIt seems that orthognatic surgery, disregarding the standards of the face, and the criteria of beauty between men and women in different races, help people to have better face besides malocclusion correction. The present study showed that the facial parameters changed towards more normal measures following the surgeries done in the surveyed referral center in Iran.Keywords: Malocclusion, Orthognathic Surgery, Photogrammetry
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Pages 119-126IntroductionSince the significant impact on anger and hostility is caused by post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on various aspects of individual, family, social, and vocational life of those who suffer from this disorder, it is necessary to target and cure these two devastating symptoms.The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Schema therapy in decrease anger and hostility among male veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder..MethodsIn a semi experimental research 24 male war veterans among veterans with chronic PTSD in Kermanshah Province in 2014 participated in this study. The participants were selected according to the convenient sampling and randomly assigned into experimental and group control. The data were collected by The Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Military (PCL-M) and anger and hostility subscales from Buss & Perry aggression questionnaire. Then, the sessions of schema therapy were conducted for the experimental group in 1 hour a week for 14 weeks. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance, with 0.95 confidence level and IBM SPSS 22 software was used for data process.ResultsThe multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the mean scores of the experimental group comparing to the control group was significantly decreased in anger and hostility (PConclusionWith regard to the negative consequences of anger and hostility in family, social and vocational relations in veterans with PTSD, effectiveness schema therapy can be used to reduce the symptoms of anger and hostility.Keywords: Anger, Hostility, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
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Pages 127-135IntroductionReports concerning the association of physical activity with markers of inflammation, coagulation, and fibrinolysis are ambiguous. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of 4 weeks of combined decomposedsit-up and walking training with two different volumes onfibrinogen, plasma viscosity and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in college, young men.MethodsIn this semi-experimental study, 18 subjects with age range 19 to 25 years selected as research subjects and were randomly divided into two groups including; group 1 (15 min sit-up -30 min run) and group 2 (30 min sit-up -15 min run). The study sit-up training included 25 types of training for abdominal muscles and the walking intensity was 130-140 steps per minute. Blood samples were collected before and after 4 weeks (16 sessions) and the levels of fibrinogen, plasma viscosity and HOMA-IR were measured. Data analyzed by two ways ANOVA (Between-group changes) and paired T-test.ResultsCompared with the pre-test, both groups demonstrated a significant reduction in body weight over the course of the study (PConclusionThe current research findings indicate that fibrinogen and plasma viscosity levels in group 2 (30 minute sit-up minute walking) decreased compared with the pre-test after 4 week of training; but fibrinogen and plasma viscosity levels in the group 1 (15 minute sit-up minute walking) did not change significantKeywords: Fibrinogen, Plasma, Insulin Resistance
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Pages 137-144IntroductionDenture wearingcan causea varietyoflesionsintheoral cavity, butmost of the problems can be prevented with maintaining healthyoral tissue, denture hygiene and follow up after the dentures delivery. The purpose of this study was the evaluation ofinstructional intervention effect on the incidence of oral candidiasis in complete denture wearers, and its association with age, gender and educational level in Bandar Abbas city.MethodsThe present study was prospective trial-analytic. Fifty one subjects evaluated as available who willing to be treated with removable complete denture for the first time.Sampling was performed with sterile swabs from mid hard palate before inserting denture. Swabs were placed in 2ml normal saline immediately. 50µl of normal saline was inoculated on CHROM agar candida medium. After 48-72 hrs colonies were counted and subjects divided to healthy, carrier, afflicted. In the absence of candidiasis subjects were divided in to three groups. One groups received verbal instruction, second group received pamphlet and the last group received CD. Second and third tests were repeated in the first week and fourth month after they worn dentures.ResultsThe minimum rate of candidiasis was zero percentage among those who had been instructed verbally. The highest incidence (16.7%) was in those who were instructed by pamphlet. There was no difference between three groups in incidence of oral candidiasis (P=0.21). There was the same effect to negative the carriers before and after first intervention in three groups (P=0.55). Verbal instruction had significant effect in to negative the carriers in second intervention compared to the first time (P=0.45). There were no difference between types of instruction and age and gender (P=0.62, P=0.62). All of subjects were diagnosed candidiasis had under Diploma education (10.3). The relationship between the education level of subjects and incidence of oral candidiasis were significant statistically (P=0.43).ConclusionHygiene instruction should be instructed in accordance the culture of the regions. Efforts to improve the education can promote health.Keywords: Oral Candidiasis, Denture, Pamphlets
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Pages 145-151IntroductionHypertensive disease is a medical term for high blood pressure. It makes the heart work more natural conditions. The most important effect of VIP hormone on cardiovascular system is vasodilatation.The aim of this research is to study the effects of an acute training protocol on the amount of VIP hormone secretion and lipid profile of plasma in male rats.Methods30 male rats were accidently selected from the rats held in the animal laboratory of Shiraz university of Medicine Sciences, and they were randomly divided into two groups, the experimental group (n=15, weight=200-250gr, age=1 month) and the control group (n=15, weight=200-250gr, age=1 month). The experimental group rats were trained acutely for 4 weeks, 3 sessions per week (in sum there were 12 sessions) based on overload principle on an animal treadmill, with the control group received no training at all. Following a general anesthesia by Ether, a 5cc blood sample was drawn from the heart of the rats by an animal surgeon, 24 hours after final exercise session and 12 to 14 hours after fasting. For data analysis, t-test and SPSS 18 software were used.ResultsThe results illustrate that after 4 weeks of acute training, there was no significant difference between experimental and control groups.ConclusionOn the basis of these finding, it could be concluded that 4 weeks of acute exercise could not change the amount of VIP hormone secretion and level of HDL, LDL and VLDL of plasma in rats.Keywords: Exercise, Hormone, Lipoprotein
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Pages 153-160IntroductionThis study aims at analyzing the effectiveness of emotionally focused couple therapy on marital conflicts and tendency to get divorce in couples who have referred to counseling centers in Bandar Abbas County.MethodsThis study was carried out as a quasi-experimental design with control group, pretest and posttest measures. The statistical population of this study included all couples who have referred to counseling centers in Bandar Abbas City, private counseling centers, center for intervention in family crises and center for reducing divorce rate in order to solve their marital problems in late 2011 and early 2012. The sample had 30 couples who have been selected using available sampling method and divided into control and experimental groups using simple casual sampling method. Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ), designed by Barati and Sanaie Dhakir (1996) with 42 questions and Marital Instability Index Questionnaire were used in this study. For measuring the marital instability, couples in the experimental group received nine 90-minute couple therapy sessions once a week, whereas the control group did not receive any intervention. The descriptive statistical methods including frequency, mean value and SD as well as inferential statistical methods including analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to analyze data. The results were analyzed suing SPSS 16.ResultsThe results indicated that the average scores of marital conflict and marital instability in posttest of experimental group was significantly less than those in control group and there was a significant difference between experimental and control groups (PConclusionTherefore, the study's hypothesis, the effectiveness of emotionally focused couple therapy on alleviation of marital conflicts and tendency to divorce in couples was confirmed (general conclusion).Keywords: Couple Therapy, Marital Conflict, Bandar Abbas
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Page 161IntroductionSuicide resulting of psychological and social disturbances. Family, as an intermediate institute, has a bilateral role; on one hand provides a protective factor for health. Meanwhile, family malfunctions work as a risk factor in suicide. This research is performed to study family risk factors and functioning among suicide attempted.MethodsThe research designed as descriptive and cross-sectional survey in the second half of 2014 in Bandar Abbas. Statistical population was the patients with suicide attempted in two recent years that referred to the emergency ward of Mohammadi hospital. 50 volunteers were selected by convenience sampling. Researcher-made questionnaire & family assessment device (FAD) were used for data gathering. Data analysis (descriptive measures, T, Chi-squares & bi-nominal test) was done using SPSS 19 software.ResultsThe results showed significant differences in all aspects of family functions; affective involvement and behavioral control had the highest percentages.ConclusionFamily factors have a critical role in suicide, in terms of risk factors and protective factors. It is necessary for practitioners to attend it as preventive strategies and therapeutic procedures.Keywords: Suicide, Risk Factors, Protective Factors