فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگ - ارتباطات
پیاپی 11 (پاییز 1389)

One of the serious issues which have been discussed these days in cultural field is the rate of study among Iranians. In such a way that in the beginning of 1387 the media also started to focus on this issue and thus they reported different rate of study in Iran, from 2 minutes to 30.In order to clarify this issue and provide statistics which have used reliable scientific methods, in this article we have utilized two kind of survey with one topic named “Evaluation of studying between citizens in Tehran” during 1378 and 1388, the main conclusions in this case are presented: 1.The rate of studying has been decreased in 1388 from 90 minutes in 24 hours to 76/1 percent. Also there was a very impressive decrease in studying publications such as newspapers and magazines.2.When we compare average of the rate of studying in 24 hours between married and single people there was notable decrease in studying in both group, in addition, unmarried (single) people study double when they compared with married people.3.Comparing average of rate of studying in 24 hours between educated people shows that the average has been decreased in1388 compared with 1387; people with higher education study more than people with low education.4.In this two years (1378 1nd 1388), most subjects which were studied by questioners have been religious issues, the rate of studying religious recourses in 1388 has been increased to 20/6, compared with the rate in1378 which was 15/6.

Shia Muslims have been affected powerfully by Ashura event and martyrdom of Imam Husayn and his loyal friends at the battle of Karbala although it has inspired a lot of struggles between truth and falsehood; also this tragic incident has very strong effects on various fields of art, especially painting.The greatest influence has been among the painting of tea house and mural painting of holy monuments, cause it has been closer relationship with public life and attitudes of the society.The Charpadshah monument, the tomb of Saadat Kiya family, which is located in Lahijan (North of Iran) is one of the most important mural painting, stucco and woodcarving among other monuments in the north of Iran as well as it has historical importance too. In this article we try to investigate the attitude and the way of painting of tea house as well as monuments and compare both of them with the glance of Ashura incident. In the result of this study we have found that both monuments and tea houses have the same issues is similar in both of them, but the way and dimension of painting as well as the levels of illustrations and the visual effects on viewers was different between the two.

In one definition creating learning opportunities is to establish a curriculum. These opportunities can be created by learning activities among both teachers and students in the classroom and by making a creative and attractive situation; also we can make an attractive situation in home as well as create cultural organizations in the society.Thus curriculum is learning opportunities that can be designed on the basis of our goals, content of the lessons, learning activities, educational tools, time and place for education, groping, teaching techniques and evaluation.In this paper we have used survey method as well as written sources and experiences during the research. During the paper these following issues has been discussed: learning opportunities which is related to arts education approach such as combination approach for arts curriculum; creating learning opportunities in art curriculum on the basis of the school and the area; learning opportunities in national(Iranian _ Islamic) education of art; new arts curriculum with the aim of improving performing of arts curriculum approach by creating learning opportunities and by transforming theory into action for curriculum and decreasing the distances between theory and action in art curriculum.

This Article is the summary of a research which has studied the lifestyle and the behavior patterns in the best selling movies. He meaning of lifestyle is a very new and novelty concept and it is about half of a century which this concept is discussed. The lifestyle concept is a part of new world and modernity. As David Cheney said in modern society people use lifestyle concept to explain their reactions. People shape their tastes and values by using media. In the other hand values, relations and behavior of people have changed in the format of modernity and tradition, although these two issues have become very crucial and challengeable issues in this century. Therefore in this research we study categorize lifestyle in two main meaning: traditional lifestyle and modernity lifestyle, as well as we categorized behavior patterns in two categories: material and cultural behavior patterns.Cinema industry due to best selling movies and lots of viewers has become one of the most reliable evidence for studying the lifestyle of viewers and film makers. Best selling movies with many viewers can show the values and attitudes of society of Iran so it can indicate the behavior of people by looking at their choice as well as their pattern of consumption. By looking at the results of this research we can indicate that traditional lifestyle and cultural behavior pattern are seen more in the movies than the modernity lifestyle and material behavior pattern.

Religious is one of the social realities, and rituals of religious monitor human social needs. Rituals of religious indicate solidarity and reliance on the group and they show the scene of belong to the society. Religion is the common ethical language in every society. This article tries to response to these questions: how is religiosity of citizens of Tehran? What makes difference between religiosity in different groups on the basis of age, sex, place of residence, birth place, marriage, education? What is the relationship between religiosity and Social - economic base?In this research we utilize descriptive – comparison kind of research and the survey method is used for this paper. In this paper all citizens who live in Tehran during late October 2009 belong to our Universe, the sample size is calculated by Cochrane formula and it was about 391 people, and cluster and stratified sampling are used in this article. We also used content validity and Cronbach's Alpha coefficient to examine validity and reliability of the research. Religiosity in this paper is indicated by three indicators such as believes, moral values, religious actions; so we use likert scale with ordinal measurement in this article.The results of this research indicate that there is no difference of religiosity between men and women and between citizens of Tehran and other cities in Iran. However there is significant difference between different ages, single or married people, level of educations and different places of residence although Social and economic base of family have significant relation with religiosity of people and there is a reverse and negative relations between them.

Television is the most popular media in 21 century. TV serials are very popular among people as favorite genre and they attract many viewers compare with other TV program. In recent years the number of TV serials audiences has been increased significantly. In many cases in the world some TV serials which is made in one country will be screened in other countries too.In recent years Korean serials have been screened in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB), of course these serials are so popular among Iranian audiences. so this research try to recognize what is the reasons of these popularity especially among youth and we try to seek the taste of audiences and their expectations of TV serials. In this paper we used cluster sampling and survey method. The results have shown that 54/4percent of the sample seeks the Korean serials and 77 percent of them claimed that their family or relatives watch the serials too. Women more than men are interested to watch Korean serials however low educated people watch these serials more than high educated people. Although similarity between Iranian and Korean culture is one of the main reason that Iranian are fond of Korean serials.

Values represent the most fundamental factors for human behavior in any society and are considered to play an important role in the economical, social and political growth and development.This study tries to indicate value orientation of development oriented view of teachers and also try to show the economical and social factors which have influence on it.The data of the research is collected in survey method and by using questioners, and we chose 343 teachers as our sample in Education Department of Borujen and also we used stratified random sampling for this research. The result of the research have shown that 72/1 percent of teachers have medium level of Value orientation of development oriented, although the results have indicated that parent s literacy, economical situation of family during teens, income, employment, rate of using media have no significant relation to the value orientation of development oriented of teachers. However life expectancy and satisfaction of life (including; job satisfaction, family life satisfaction, life facilities satisfaction and satisfaction of health situation) have significant relation to the value orientation of development oriented of teachers. It means if life expectancy and life satisfaction increase, the value orientation of development oriented of teachers will augment too.