مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک
سال هفدهم شماره 12 (پیاپی 93، اسفند 1393)

Maturation of oocytes and fertilization in vitro can be considered as one of the most important steps to treat infertility. In this study maturation medium was enriched with Platelet extraction (PL) which has high concentration of growth factors. Meiosis resumption and maturation was monitored after 18 hours of maturation. In this experimental study، oocytes at germinal vesicle stage were obtained from mature NMRI female mice. Maturation medium was αMEM and the control groups had 5-10% FBS and the medium in the experimental groups was enriched by 5، 10% PL and the combination of 5% PL and 5% FBS. Meiosis resumption and maturation were observed after 18 hours. The rate of matured oocytes in the experimental group 5% PL for both COC and DO group was significantly higher than the control groups (P<0. 05). The maturation rate for 5% PL was 61% for the COC group and 72% for the DO group; while this rate for 5% FBS control group was 53% and 50% respectively. PL had a significant effect on meiosis resumption and maturation of oocyte at germinal vesicle stage. Based on these results، PL could be used as a maturation promoting factor.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease. Hypertension could occur as a result of chronic inflammation in RA patients. Some evidence demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects of alpha-lipoic acid in inflammatory diseases. However, a limited number of studies have evaluated the effects of alpha-lipoic acid in rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, the current study was designed to investigate the effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on blood pressure and some inflammatory factors. The present study was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial in which 70 female patients aged 20–50 years were randomized to two groups to receive either alpha-lipoic acid (1200 mg/day) or placebo. The intervention duration was 8 weeks. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured before and after the supplementation period. Also, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS13 software. 65 RA patients completed the trial. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure in alpha-lipoic acid group was significantly decreased in comparison with placebo group (p<0.05). But, CRP and IL-6 serum levels did not indicate any significant within- and between group changes. In the present study, alpha-lipoic acid supplementation resulted in significant blood pressure reduction in rheumatoid arthritis participants.

Heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFNEF) is commonly seen in adults. It is possible that old patients with HFNEF have severe clinical status. The aim of current study is to evaluate clinical and echocardiographic findings in old patients compared to young patients with HFNEF. In this cross-sectional analytical study, 126 patients with HFNEF were evaluated in two groups of patients ≥60 years old (n=52) and <60 years old (n=74) for demographic, clinical and echocardiographic findings. Patients ≥60 years old had significantly more hyperlipidemia, less hypertension and more FC II. Patients ≥60 years old also had significantly larger septal wall thickness, lower end diastolic and systolic volume, end systolic diameter, E/A ratio and septal E’, lower diastolic dysfunction grade, higher left ventricle ejection fraction, left atrial volume index, E/E’ ratio and deceleration time compared to patients <60 years old. Old patients with HFNEF have different clinical and echocardiographic findings compared to younger patients which are indicative of the disease severity in some cases. So, exact evaluation of the patients could be helpful in early diagnosis of these patients and providing an adequate treatment.

Allergic rhinitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract, includes an IgE-mediated inflammatory response in the mucosal region of the aerial tubles. Since IL-8 plays a role in increasing the amount of immunoglobulin E and serves as an effective factor in the prevalence of this disease, so this study aims to investing at that whether IL-8 genotypes of 133 C/G polymorphism is associated with the amount of immunoglobulin E in serum in patients with allergic rhinitis. In this analytical and descriptive study, by investigating 130 patients with AR and 62 healthy control volunteers in Chahar Mahalo Bakhtiari province, total level of IgE in serum was determined by ELISA method and then its association with 133 C/G polymorphism was investigated. T-test and chi-square statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS software for statistical analyses. the total serum IgE level of the patients with GC genotype of 133 C/G SNP were significantly higher regarding normal individuals (p<0.05). The sigmificant relationship between 133 C/G genotype in IL-8 P gene promoter and increased serum IgE level confirms tht it plays a role in the prevalence of AR.

Estrogen hormone regulates cell proliferation in breast tissue physiologically Evidences show that changes in estrogen signaling pathways, including the receptor alpha (ERα), happen during breast cancer progression. ERα is expressed in most breast tumors and its association with the development of low-grade tumors has been demonstrated. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes may differ in susceptibility to cancer and result in different respond to treatment in different populations. The present study aimed investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2234693: C / T) in gene ESRα in patients with breast Cancer. In this case-control study 150 women with breast cancer and 142 healthy women without a family history of breast cancer were enrolled. DNA was extracted from blood samples. After primer design, technique of PCR-RFLP was used and samples were genotyped by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS version 20 and chi square test and Final findings were specified. TT and CT genotypes for ra2234693: C/T site compared with the CC had 5.5 and 1.5-fold increased risk respectively. Statistically significant differences were found between cases and controls for fibrocystic disease and age at menarche. We not found an association between C/T polymorphism and breast cancer. But CC and TT genotypes of this polymorphism in estrogen receptor alpha gene related with breast cancer that are consistent with the findings of some other researchers.

Due to increasing antibiotic resistance, it is important to identify the antimicrobial activity of herbs. This experimental study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of herbal extracts of common hop (Humulus lupulus) and oak (Quercus castaneifolia) against several microbial standard strains. The alcoholic and aqueous extracts of H. lupulus and Q. castaneifolia were extracted. The inhibitory effects of herbal extracts were evaluated against the microbial standard strains (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans) by both agar diffusion and macrobroth dilution methods. In the agar diffusion method, concentrations of extracts were 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/ml. In order to determine the MIC, serial dilutions were prepared with a range from 1 to 512 mg/ml. Alcoholic extract of both hop and oak showed higher inhibitory effect against microbial standard strains, compared to the aqueous extract. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Candida albicans ATCC 76615 showed higher susceptibility to both alcoholic and aqueous extracts compared to Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Statistically significant difference was found on the MIC of alcoholic and aqueous extracts (p< 0.05). This study revealed the considerable inhibitory effects of herbal hop and oak extracts on the various microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. Although more research is needed in this field, they can be used as new antimicrobials in medicine.

Bisphenol A (BPA) has estrogenic properties and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on sperm parameters against toxicity induced with BPA. In this experimental study, adult male mice with mean body weight 32±3 g were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6): Control, BPA (200mg/kg/day), NSO (5ml/kg/day), and BPA+NSO. Oral treatment was performed till 34 days. After end of treatment, body and left testis weight were recorded and left caudal epididymis was also cut. Released spermatozoa were used to analyze sperm parameters such as motility, viability and abnormalities. Sperm chromatin quality was assessed. Data were analyzed with One-Way ANOVA. Body and testis weight showed no significant change in four groups (p<0.05). A significant decrease in the motility, viability and normal morphology of sperm (p<0.001) was found in BPA-treated mice compared to the control group. In BPA+ NSO group, NSO could significantly increas the mentioned parameters compared to the BPA group(p<0.05). BPA had no effect on the uncleus diameter of the spetmatogonia and sperm DNA integrity and histon-protamine replacement. The results indicated that NSO could partially ameliorate Bisphenol A-induced toxicity on sperm parameters.

Unpleasant side effect of awareness within general anesthesia is potentially an important concern in patients. The patient may sleep during anesthesia and feels the pain due to loss of pain suppression of sensory perception of pain during surgery. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of BIS monitoring on level of awareness during anesthesia in women undergoing elective caesarean section. In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 214 ASAI–II patients, over 15 years of age, candidate for elective cesarean section were included in the study. Patients randomly divided to two groups of anesthesia with and without BIS monitoring. Patients were assessed for awareness within anesthesia immediately, 24 hours, and 3-6 days after operation. From 107 patients without BIS monitoring, 8 patients (7.4%) suffered from awareness during anesthesia and their awareness score was two and greater than two. While none of the patients in the BIS group experienced awareness during anesthesia. Level of awareness during anesthesia in the control group was significantly more than the BIS group (p<0.0000). The incidence of awareness during anesthesia is significantly lower in BIS monitored group than the control group.

nanoparticles due to their small size can overcome blood-testis barrier and affect spermatogenesis process.The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of trioxide (MoO3) nanoparticles on histological changes of testis and spermatogenesis process in adult male Wistar rats. In this experimental study30 adult male Wistar rats were randomely divided into five groups (n=6), including control, 2 sham groups, and 2experimental groups.Control group had no treatment. Two experimental groups received doses 5 & 10 mg/kg/BW nano Molybdenum trioxide(20nm) respectively, and two sham groups received the same doses of normal saline by intraperitoneal injection.After 28 days, rats testis was removed and fixed in Bouin’s fixative for histological examination. The 5μm sections were stained with hematoxilin-eosin. In experimental group which received 5mg/kg/BW nanoparticle, there was some disorganization of spermatogenic cells in some seminiferous tubules. In experimental group which received 10mg/kg/BW nanoparticle, a significant decrease was also observed in the number of spermatogenic and sertoli cells in comparison with the control group. According to the findings of this study exposure to the high doses of (MoO3) nanoparticles can disrupt male reproductive system in a dose- dependent manner. Hence, the application of (MoO3) NPs should be carried out cautiously.

The type of dressing used has great effct on pain relief when dressing patients is changed. So this study is performed to compare the effect of Acticoat dressing and normal dressing on pain of burn patients during dressing change. This clinical trial was done on 64 patients with second and third degrees burn wounds in Vali-asr hospital. The patients were randomly divided in two groups (receiver of the Acticoat) and control (the receiver of silver sulfadiazine cream 1%) for 15 days. Pain was examined during dressing change by using numerical evaluation of the degree of pain on the first, seventh and fifteenth days. Finally, the data was examined by using statistical tests, chi-square, Mann-Whitney tests, RM ANOVA. The results showed that there was no significant differences between the groups in baseline pain intensity statistically (p=0/20). Pain intensity had statistically significant difference in the experimental group and control group in the seventh and fifteent days of the study (p>0/001) so that the experimental group experienced less pain. Acticoat dressing is a simple and practical method in burn patients according to the present results of study which is preferred in terms of reducing pain during dressing change compared to the conventional method.