فصلنامه پرستاری، مامایی و پیراپزشکی
سال یکم شماره 4 (بهار 1395)

The most effective way to prevent irrational use of medicines is appropriate trainin and the best time for training, is before the formation of inappropriate prescribing habit. Therefore ,the aim of this study was to determine the effect of teaching WHO prescription guidelines on prescribing skills of midwifery students.
In this quasi experimental study, 26 senior students of Midwifery at the Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery of Mashhad University were selected through convenience sampling in 2010. Data collection included demographic form, and objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), respectively. Four-hour training program was presented through two consecutive sessions of lecture. Before, immediately after and two weeks after the intervention, students’ prescribing skill was evaluated by OSCE. Finally, the collected data were analyzed with SPSS 18, ANOVA and Friedman Tests.
Findings: students’ prescribing skill after the intervention increased significantly in OSCE; there was a significant statistical difference (p>0.001) between before and immediately after the intervention, before and two weeks after the intervention. However, there was not a significant statistical difference (p=0.629) between immediately after the intervention and two weeks after the intervention. Despite the rise in the acquired score in the scientific test after the intervention, there was no significant statistical difference (p holding training courses for logical prescription of medicines like the WHO guidelines can lead to the improve in the prescribing skill of midwifery students.

The fact that in spite of providing care some of the patients pass away can affect the mental health of some of the nurses and eventually affect the caring of patients. Therefore, considering the importance of end stage care, this research aimed to explore the experiences of caring end stage patients by nurses working in ICU.
This study is qualitative content analysis. After purposive sampling, data was collected using interview and semi-structured interview and data saturation was reached after interviewing with 10 nurses working in ICU wards of Sanandaj city and the data were analyzed using content analysis contract.
Findings: Three main themes were obtained from the data analysis: trauma, omitting the responsibility of the patient from the nurse and adhering to the inner voice about the experience of caring of end stage patients.
The results of this study indicated the need for moral support from nurses, providing the possibility of providing full care, paying attention and managing patients condition and their families and making nurses participate in the decision-making process of end-stage patients. Therefore, managers while supporting nurses should consider these aspects and establish specialized nursing care units for end stage patients to provide full care for these patients.

healing of operation area is one of the main concerns after surgery. Supplemental oxygen therapy during surgery can result in decreasing wound infection and promoting healing.
In the present study, the effect of supplemental oxygen therapy on the incidence and severity of wound infection after cesarean section was studied.
This clinical trial study was conducted on 122 women undergoing cesarean section and they were randomly selected in two groups of intervention and control in Besat Hospital in Sanandaj. Venturi mask at the rate of 80% equal to 12 liters per minute up to 6 hours was used for the intervention group, during surgery, after the surgery, in the recovery room and ward. Routine procedures were performed for the control group (30 % oxygen equal to 3-5 liters per minute with conventional mask). The incidence and severity of infection and speed of healing of the wound area were recorded ​​ until 14 days after the surgery and after discharge. To analyze the data, t-test, chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used.
Findings: The results showed no significant difference about the incidence of infection in the intervention and control groups 14 days after surgery. The severity of surgical wound infection in the intervention and control group was statistically significant and wound healing time and severity of infections was higher in the control group (p supplemental oxygen therapy during and after surgery can help wound healing and prevent wound infection effectively.
It is recommended that in order to control post surgery infection, controlled methods such as using Venturi mask for oxygen therapy be used.

Although there are different rules for abortion in different societies, abortion has been declared valid under certain circumstances in order to save lives of mothers and healthy infants. This study aimed to identify the reasons for therapeutic abortion among the clients who referred to legal medical centers in Kurdistan province during the years 2000- 2011 and compare the reasons for their rejection and confirmation.
In this cross-sectional study, medical records and records in legal medicine center in Kurdistan province were referred to and necessary information (demographic, maternal obstetrics, fetal age, admission date, cause and type of request and its results) were collected through the check list. Sampling was conducted through census method and all of the records of all pregnant women referring to this center to get permission for therapeutic abortion were studied. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive statistical analysis, T-test and X2.
Findings: 658 patients had referred to get permits for therapeutic abortion and 358 patients (4.54%) were issued the permit. The greatest number of clients were in the year 2009 (140 cases) and the highest percentage of confirmed cases (100%) were related to the year 2002. The most common reason for issuing permit was mother’s heart disease (56 cases) and fetus’s anencephaly (53 cases). The most common cause for not issuing the permit among the 300 rejected cases were maternal and fetal reasons, maternal mental disorder (35 cases) and multiple anomalies in the fetus (27 cases). Also, 20 cases of requests were rejected for gestational age (19 weeks or more).
It seems that despite the increasing number of applicants for therapeutic abortion in recent years, there has not been proper notification of the details for its legal process and there was a significant increase in the number of rejected cases. Therefore, there is a necessity for raising the awareness of the related medical staff, pregnant women and also other community members about the timing and indications for therapeutic abortion. Also, in certain high-risk groups methods of contraception should be used.

nowadays occupational stress is one of the most important phenomenons in social life and a serious threat to the health of nurses. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of occupational stress and its relationship with personal characteristics and the tendency to leave job among the nurses working in three public hospitals in Sanandaj.
In this descriptive study a standardized questionnaire was used and it was conducted on 286 people of the population of 972 nurses working in 3 hospitals of Sanandaj city (446 nurses in Besat Hospital, 412 nurses in Tohid Hospital and 114 nurses in Qods hospital). Validity and reliability of Cronbach's alpha test also showed good results. Pearson test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for data analysis.
Findings: The results showed that the three variables of education, job position and gender had no significant relationship with occupational stress but age, work shift and job experience had a significant relationship with stress. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between occupational stress and tendency to turnover work.
managing and controlling occupational stress through identifying, controlling and eliminating its sources reduce the amount of stress at working places significantly.

Introduction and Aim : Nurses are One of the most comprehensive range of occupational health nurses in the medical community given thatThe24-hour care, they spend many hours with patients and this can be the underlying interactions of these two .This quality of interaction and communication can greatly affect the healing process. One of the good items in healthy relationship ,is the having integrity and power of apology .The present study was conducted to determine the honesty and apology in nurses .
Material and This study is part of a cross - sectional study that was conducted in the summer of 1390 in Sanandaj.295patients admitted in surgical and medical training centers in Sanandaj ,Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences ,were selected randomly .Using a questionnaire data were collected.7questions of the questionnaire werebiographicalinformation,7questionstogauge the sincerity of the nurses in dealing with patients, and one question was also to express a pology . For data analysis the software , spss 16 was used.
The findings showed that patients in the 35/72% of cases ,had always seen honesty behaviors of nurses in dealing with them and In 58/21 cases they had never seen behavioral integrity of the nurses . Only 9/33 percent stated that Nurses "always" apologize for their wrong and 9/17 percent said they had never seen the nurses apologizing .In both cases ,they had evaluated a medium level of the honesty and expressing apology in nurses .
Honesty in the nursing profession and their information detection and an apology ,not only To strengthen and enhance the relationship between nurses and patients ,but also to enhance the level of trust to treat the patient and to society is necessary.