فصلنامه پرستاری، مامایی و پیراپزشکی
سال چهارم شماره 2 (پاییز 1397)

Today, safety and the culture of patient safety is one of the most important topics of the World’s Health Organization (WHO), and a major concern for healthcare policy-makers and managers. Despite several descriptive studies, little attention has been paid to the importance and position of the culture of patient safety. Therefore, this review study aimed to determine the actual position of patient safety culture in the health system. In this review study, the keywords of health system, patient safety culture, employees perception, and nurses were searched in databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and the Farsi databases of SID, Magiran, and Iranmedex during 2008-2018. In this study, difference scores of safety culture dimensions of patients in various hospitals in 9 studies were reported. In addition, the scores of patient safety culture were relatively low or medium in most of the domestic studies. The dimensions with the highest scores included expectations and actions of manager toward patient safety, exchange of important patient information between shifts and wards, and teamwork in each hospital ward. On the other hand, the lowest scores were related to the dimensions of the frequency of reporting unwanted incidents, non-punitive responses to errors, and mistakes and perception of employees. According to the results of the study, there is an unfavorable position of patient safety culture in the health system. It is recommended that more attention be paid to this issue by policy-makers and senior managers of the health system to eliminate barriers to the development of patient safety culture in hospitals through more accurate planning

Family cohesion refers to psychological health aspects of a family and emotional bond between family members. Academic burnout is interpreted as fatigue that originates from a pessimistic attitude toward school duties. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between family cohesion and academic burnout in students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran in 2016. This descriptive and analytical research was conducted on 386 students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using two questionnaires of Maslach Burnout Questionnaire and family cohesion questionnaire. Moreover, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20 using statistical Pearson correlation coefficient, T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). In this study, mean scores of family cohesion and academic burnout of the participants were 13.38±76.28 and 41.73±14.70, respectively. According to the results, a negative and significant association was found between academic burnout and family cohesion (r=-0.27, P<0.001). According to the results of the study, the majority of the students evaluated in this research regarded their families to be coherent and one of the factors involved in their academic success was family cohesion

One of the important responsibilities of nurses is patient education. Therefore, this study aimed to present the prediction model of nurses’ attitude toward patient education based on the sense of coherence, compassion towards the lives of others and personal intelligence. This correlational research was conducted on 228 nurses of hospitals of East Azerbaijan Province in 2017 selected via multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected applying Antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale, Chang’s compassion of others' lives scale (COOL), Meyer's personal intelligence survey and a researcher-made questionnaire concerning the attitude of nurses toward patient education. Data analysis was carried out in SPSS version 22 and AMOS using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Bootstrap and Sobel test. In this study, the sense of cohesion (0.32), compassion towards the lives of others (0.20) and personal intelligence (0.11) had a significantly direct impact on patient education. In addition, the sense of cohesion (t-value=2.09) and compassion towards the lives of others (t-value=2.19) had a significantly indirect effect on the attitude of nurses toward patient education. In the end, 27% of the variance of the attitude of nurses toward patient education was explained by the variables of the model. Considering the direct and indirect effect of intermediating and endogenous variables on the attitude of nurses toward patient education, it seems that this attitude could be improved by strengthening personal intelligence, sense of coherence, and compassion towards the lives of others

Patients with breast cancer deal with mental pressures that might lead to disorders such as depression. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depression and its related factors among women with breast cancer, who referred to the radiotherapy center of Tawhid Hospital of Sanandaj, Iran in 2017. This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted on 200 women with breast cancer in the radiotherapy department of Tawhid Hospital of Sanandaj in 2017. Data were collected using the demographic and clinical forms and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Moreover, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 18 using mean and standard deviation, correlation coefficient, Chi-square, and logistic regression. In this study, 50% of the patients had moderate-severe depression. According to the results, a significant relationship was observed between the prevalence rate of depression in women with breast cancer and the variables of age, marital status, having children, place of residence, type of treatment, number of interventions, degree and severity of the disease, history of previous cancer, and unilateral or bilateral breast cancer (P<0.05). In addition, the logistic regression model demonstrated that the most effective predictors of depression were the grade and severity of the disease (P<0.05). Considering the high prevalence of depression in women with breast cancer and significant impact of this disorder on the mental health of these individuals and progression of cancer, it is crucial to find methods to prevent and treat depression so that patients could return to their normal life with a faster pace

Respecting the inherent dignity of humans means having respect for their basic rights in different environments. This issue is of paramount importance in studies and discussions related to healthcare. This study aimed to compare the viewpoints of nurses and hospitalized patients about the inherent dignity of patients. This descriptive and analytical research was conducted on 385 patients and 79 nurses selected from Imam Hossein Hospital of Shahroud, Iran based on the inclusion criteria and by the census sampling. After explaining the objectives of the research and receiving written and oral consents from the subjects, demographic characteristics questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire on the inherent dignity of patients were completed by the participants. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 19 using independent t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In addition, the significance level was considered 0.05 in all tests. In this study, the mean age of the subjects was 49±18 years and 28.8±6.2 years in the patient and nurse groups, respectively. Moreover, mean clinical work experience of the nurses was 6.2±6.4 years, and their overtime in the ward was 91.4±57.7 hours per month. According to the results, a significant coloration was found between age and score of the inherent dignity of patients (r=0.144, P<0.05). According to the results of the study, the score of the inherent dignity of patients was lower from the perspective of patients, compared to nurses. Therefore, it is recommended that more attention be paid to factors related to maintaining or improving the inherent dignity of patients in the clinic and various hospital wards

Among the strategies to improve self-efficacy in the adolescents with Thalassemia major are empowering patients via self-care education to deal with the effects and complications of the disease, having more control over the disease, and maintaining the right way of life and daily functioning. This study aimed to determine the effect of self-care education via Tele Nursing method on the self-efficacy of the adolescents with Thalassemia major. This interventional study was performed in 60 adolescents with Thalassemia major, who were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. Data were collected using self-efficacy questionnaire for children and adolescents. The educational intervention was performed with nutritional content, physical activity, and walking, stress management, and practice of stress relief through five Telegram communications in one month for the intervention group. In the intervention group, the mean score of social self-efficacy before and after education was 24.9 and 26.29, respectively (p=0.02). Meanwhile, the mean score of academic self-efficacy was 25.03 and 27.2 before and after the education, respectively (p=0.02), whereas the mean score of emotional self-efficacy was 21.46 and 22.1 before and after the education, respectively (p=0.004). Moreover, the mean total score of self-efficacy in the intervention group before and after education was 71.4 and 76.23, respectively (p=0.001). According to the results of the study, self-efficacy training via the Tele Nursing method improved the self-efficacy of the adolescents diagnosed with Thalassemia major. Considering the interest of adolescents in the cyberspace and social media, it is suggested that this type of training be considered for adolescents with other chronic diseases as well

One of the major goals of educational systems in improving the quality of student productivity is the academic success of students. Self-esteem is one of the psychological factors that affect academic success and could have a positive impact on students’ educational process. This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-esteem and academic success in nursing students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran in 2018. This cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 194 nursing students selected via census sampling. Data were collected using a two-section questionnaire; the first section included demographic characteristics of the participants while the second section encompassed the “Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale” to assess the self-esteem of the students. Moreover, the academic success of students was evaluated using their score of academic achievement. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16. In this study, the mean age of the subjects was 22.47±3.18 years. In total, 74 individuals (38.1%) were male, and 120 students (61.9%) were female. Furthermore, the mean score of self-esteem and GPA of the students were 4.81±6.17 and 15.75±1.28, respectively. The results were indicative of a positive and significant correlation between self-esteem and score of academic achievement of the participants (r=0.194, P=0.005). Considering the undeniable impact of self-esteem on the academic success of students, performing actions and providing solutions for improving the students’ self-esteem can increase the quality of educational and clinical systems for nursing students

Compliance with standard precautions is the basic scale for control of hospital infections. Nurses play a major role in this compliance. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the level of compliance with standard precautions by ICU nurses in hospitals of Sabzevar, Iran. This descriptive study was conducted on ICUs of hospitals of Sabzevar in 2012. Research population included 50 male and female nurses selected via census sampling. Data were collected using demographic characteristics questionnaire and an eight-section checklist of performance. In addition, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 11. In this study, the participants obtained the following scores in compliance with standard precautions of: washing hands (2.68±1.23 from the total of 0-12), method of washing hands with water and soap (3.50±1.56 from the total of 0-4), washing with alcohol (2.80±1.12 from the total of 0-3), wound dressing (7.00±2.78 from the total of 0-10), drug injection (7.58±2.95 from the total of 0-14), oral and tracheal suction procedures (5.82±2.15 from a total of 0-12), use of mask (3.90±1.86 from a total of 0-6) and hospital gown (2.10±1.14 from a total of 0-5). The nurses had a poor performance regarding washing hands, whereas they had a moderate performance in terms of drug injection, suction procedures, use of mask and hospital gown. Nonetheless, they had good performance regarding washing hands with water and soap and alcohol and wound dressing. Considering the results of the study, it is recommended that regular courses of infection control education be held and equipment (sink, hand wash detergents, and napkins) be provided for handwashing with sustainable monitoring