فصلنامه پژوهش های دانش انتظامی
سال هجدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 71، پاییز 1395)

This study attempted to measure the dimensions of the quality of life among the thieves arrested in Tehran. Quality of life includes a person's sense of the situation in the life in the underlying systems of values and a culture that he lives and is related to his objectives, expectations and concerns. In order to measure the QOL, quality of life scales patterns of Felce and Perry, Gordon Mitchell, Kstanza and colleagues, Hancock and Martin and Mendoza were reviewed and eventually this concept was measured in the four environmental, cultural, social and material dimensions.

The present study is a survey research. It was conducted on 432 thieves who were in the prison of Tehran at the time of the study. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The research sample selection was carried out based on stratified and proportional sampling method.

The results show that there is a significant difference between the frequency observed in aspects of quality of life and the expected frequency of each of these dimensions. According to the ranking importance of Friedman test, the highest mean was related to the importance of the social dimension of quality of life and the lowest mean was related to its cultural dimension. The basic suggestions of this study are the establishing the risky social areas bank, cooperation with education, and law enforcement monitoring the marginal areas of the cities.

This study is about the indexation of police social status. Social status as a multidimensional concept requires theoretical and conceptual considerations at indexation and experimental stage in the development and formation process of measures. This study, emphasizing on the importance of this concept and the need for constant monitoring and assessing, seeks to design the indicator police social status provide its reliable measures.

The methods used in this study are Delphi and library studies. The previous studies have been criticized in the library study. Then, by analyzing the literature, extracting the key concepts and also using the strengths of previous studies, the theoretical models and indicators of police social status were formulated. Delphi also provided the framework to validate the indicators and measures seen by reference to a panel of experts in this field, expert opinions and their judgment about the indicators and measures were collected and employed.

After several rounds of review and the necessary reforms, the index of police social status was operationalized in three main dimensions with thirty-nine measures. In the end, the consensus of panel members about the applied standards and high quality of the measures and index to measure police social status was obtained. Because of its usability and whenever the researchers decide to measure police and security forces social status, the obtained index and standard questionnaire make it possible for them to include this index in their own statistical population and extract and use the results

Background and objectives:

 Juvenile delinquency is a human-social phenomenon that all human societies have been dealing with it since past centuries. Referring children and juvenile offenders to the formal criminal justice process has the adverse effects on this vulnerable community. Accordingly, the study aimed to investigate the role of the police in redirecting the formal criminal proceedings process of these people.

 Methodology:

In terms of its objectives, the present study is of an applied research type and in terms of methodology it is a documentary study. This research has been conducted using library studies, online resources, articles, research in Persian and other language documents pertaining to the rights of children and adolescents. For data collection, note taking and a review of international documents were employed and the related implementing laws of other countries and Iran were discussed and analyzed.

Findings and results:

 The results show that in addition to developing children, adolescents and their families law, New Zealand allowed the juvenile police to prevent the entry of children and adolescents to the formal criminal proceedings through developing a separate structure for the police, by establishing a warning system and family team meetings. Canada has allowed juvenile police to prevent the entry of children and adolescents to formal criminal proceedings through the youth criminal justice legislation YCJA the creation of new structures in the police, such as the young cop center, institutions, NGOs, the trial coordinator and social workers, and informal and formal warnings to parents. Despite the emphasis on the rules of Article 31 of the Code of Criminal Procedure in Iran to establish a specialized juvenile police, the possession of criminal diversion by police has been neglected

At the beginning of its formation, the criminal justice system focused on offender and his punishment, but gradually beside the criminal, another element of the crime, that is, the "victim" was also raised and criminal justice system was transformed and the grounds for the emergence of the restorative justice was provided. The present study aims to investigate the effects of restorative justice in institutions bringing down the punishment in the new Islamic Penal Code.

The present study is of a descriptive-analytic research type. In this way, investigating the library resources and analyzing the accredited documents an attempt has been made to explain the legislative criminal policy of the legislator in the new Islamic Penal Code in institutions bringing down the punishment and in the light of restorative justice ideas.

Research showed that the four institutions bodies, including complainant remission, exemption from punishment, forgiveness and repentance are predicted in the Islamic penal code for bringing down the punishment. Although these institutions are not potentially restorative and it can be said that the focus of legislator is towards reforming the criminal in most of these institutions, an attempt has been made in the establishment of these institutions to preserve and restore the victim's rights. In this way, the Islamic Penal Code in the institutions bringing down the punishment has appropriate capacities for criminal protection of the victim and progress towards the implementation of restorative justice programs, but these features are useful when they are welcomed by criminal justice.

Security agencies, especially the police, with the knowledge of weakness in external and traditional control systems in the prevention of the targets diversion, and a strong trust in the effectiveness of internal control (Self-Intelligence) in the prevention of intelligence failures have been highly taken into considerations. Among the preventive measures, self-intelligence, as one of the effective, reliable and inexpensive practices with persuasive approach, without resorting to force, threat or reactive tool, compared to other methods is more deeply stable. Accordingly, the main objective of this study is to identify the effective components of self-intelligence in the prevention of intelligence failures of the personnel.

This study is of a descriptive-survey research type. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with good reliability (α = .80). The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the experts and professors. The statistical population of the study included 180 individuals of police chief commanders and senior managers in Ardabil province. Based on Morgan table, 123 individuals were randomly selected using simple random sampling method. In this study, one-sample t-test was used for statistical analysis.

Getting familiar with the prevention and intelligence skills, organizational attitudes and beliefs, education and culture are the three factors that could be effective in the level of self-intelligence against intelligence failures and could enhance self-defense level against intelligence invasions of the opponents. There was a significant relationship between familiarity with preventive and intelligence skills and the indicators such as familiarity with the measures of increasing risk, increasing inconvenience and loss of interest, growth-oriented measures and awareness. Organizational attitudes and beliefs with indicators such as job satisfaction, satisfaction of the needs of employees, religious beliefs, organizational attachments, loyalty, work ethic, respect for the personality and self-control were measured. There was a significant relationship between education and culture and the indicators such as encouragement and punishment system, in-service courses, promotion and development of educational resources, and assessment.

One of the imperatives of quality of life in urban environments is security. Accordingly, reducing crime in urban areas, especially in the damaged areas, is one of the most important goals in the urban planning process. This study has been conducted aiming at investigating the sense of security of the residents living in Ameri Neighborhood in Ahvaz City as an urban damaged area.

In terms of its objectives, the present study is of an applied research type. In term of the methodology it is considered as a survey research. The statistical population included all the residents of Ameri Neighborhood in Ahvaz City. The sample size was obtained as 350 using Cochran formula with the confidence level of 95% and they were randomly selected. The data were collected using a reliable (α=.85) and valid (experts' opinions) questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed via SPSS software and Multiple Linear Regression test.

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between 'the sense of security' and the three variables of 'physical condition of the neighborhood', 'cooperation and coordination in maintaining security' and 'the presence of police'. Ranking of the variables in terms of the impact on the sense of security also revealed that "appropriate mix of land uses, ''roadway and sidewalk spaces", "removing vulnerable spaces ", "police presence", "readability and understandability of the space" and "participation in the protection and maintenance of spaces " have a greater impact on the sense of security in terms of Ameri neighborhood residents' ideas.