فصلنامه اقتصاد مقداری
سال سوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 9، تابستان 1385)

Regional inequalities on social and economic grounds are the consequences of economic retardation and development obstacles. In this study, the degree of urban development of different cities of Khuzestan and the inequality coefficient for the years 1999 (the last year of the second plan) and 2003 (the fourth year of the execution of the third plan) have been estimated. According to the results, in the year 1999, Ramhormoz, Dezful, Masjid Soleiman, Shushtar, Andimeshk, Abadan, Mahshahr, Baghmalek, and Khorramshar respectively received the first to the ninth rank in terms of urban development being above the development line (the average urban development) while Omidieh, Ahvaz, Shush, Izeh and Shadegan having respectively the tenth to the fourteenth rank were below this line. In the same year, Behbahan and Dashte Azadegan were omitted from the ranking due to their heterogeneity with the other cities. Besides, in the year 2003, Behbahan, Shushtar, Omidieh, Ahvaz, Ramhormoz, Abadan, Andimeshk, Baghmalek and Mahshahr were respectively ranked first to ninth being above the development line while Khorramshahr, Masjid Soleiman, Dashte Azadegan, Izeh, Shush, Dezful and Shadegan received respectively the tenth to the sixteenth ranks having a degree of development below the average. The results also suggest a decrease of inequality in the province during these years.

Pipe is one of the main tools for transforming gas, oil and oil commodities in oil industry. For this reason pipe production, import and export are of greate importance. The main pipe producer in Iran is Ahvaz pipe Mills Company. Therefore, the main pipe production function has been estimated during 1979-2002 using Engle-Granger co-integration method and error correction model. The findings of the research show that the Cobb-Douglas mode fits data better than other models. The speed of error correction of the model equals -0.96. The elasticity of labour is 0.58 and that of capital is 0.53 which indicate increasing returns to scale. The findings also show that regarding the current production and domestic demand, pipe export strategy cannot be the main priority of the company in short term. But in long term, when the domestic consumption is fulfilled, pipe export to neighbor countries based on consumer-oriented approach can be considered as one of the main priority of the company.

Contiguity is one of the influencing factors in trading relationships and establishing convergence among different countries. Despite the wide gap between the economic structure of the members of OIC and the trivial degree of economic similarity between them, branching in regional cooperations of these countries can be investigated in terms of the tradable agricultural products. This paper aims at investigating the effect of different branching methods by means of contiguity on the decrease of heterogeneity in the economic structure of members of OIC and on the increase of their economic similarity. If these countries are divided in form of effective subdivisions, especially contingent, the impact of this type of branching increases the degree of economic similarity for establishing a centralized branch. Therefore, performing statistical analysis of the export and import items and the index of economic freedom of these countries and the change of heterogeneity of the economic subdivisions are investigated. Increasing the consistency of the present subdivisions and the potential establishment of more advanced branching in form of a scenario for countries will increase the exchange efficiency of in- branch exchanges among members of OIC.

A hypothesis agreed upon in developing countries is to mobilize internal sources especially general revenues of government to promote economic growth. In other words, to insure desired rate of economic growth it is necessary for government general revenues to grow faster than GDP which is an important macroeconomic indexes for economic growth measurement. In this paper the elasticity of oil, tax and other government revenues with respect to GDP have been estimated during 1350-1383. The results show positive relation between real GDP and oil revenues. Also our findings regarding the econometrics regression models estimate the elasticity of government general revenue sources with respect to GDP to be 5.053 indicating that an increase in national output had a significant impact on government revenues during the period under consideration.

Empirical studies that have examined the relationship between trade reforms and industry performance have tended to use productivity and export growth as yardsticks of performance measures. We have examined the available literature for the purpose of drawing some conclusions and have obtained mixed results. The methodology of this paper is library research.Current results shows that in developing countries trade liberalization is a necessary condition and not suuficient for fast growth of total factor productivity. These countries should solve shortage of human capital, physical infrastructure, etc.Current studies also show that fast liberalization can lead to the higher export growth and output for industries.

Using CIES and special form of human capital in production function, this paper investigates the optimum population growth in Ramsey’s environment when the inter-period preferences are of CIES type. The results reveal that the rate of optimum population growth exactly equals the mental deductive decrease of Ramsey’s model with an unlimited horizon

This paper deals with the specification of the requirements, advantages, and obstacles of e-commerce as well as approaches of its implementation. The results showed that billions of dollars have been invested on traditional EDI systems with UNIEDIFACT and ANSIASCX12 standards for a couple of decades. This approach of implementation is highly complex, costly and suitable for large companies. However, EDI has also been employed by small and medium companies in different ways of which the four major have been dealt with in this study.