فهرست مطالب

Fisheries Sciences - Volume:17 Issue: 3, Jul 2018

Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences
Volume:17 Issue: 3, Jul 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/05/04
  • تعداد عناوین: 15
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  • M. Smederevac-Lalic *, A. Kalauzi, S. Regner, I. Navodaru, Z. Visnjic-Jeftic, Z. Gacic, M. Lenhardt Pages 443-457
    The relationship between the Lower Danube River level and Romanian annual catches of Pontic shad (Alosa immaculata, Bennett 1835) were analyzed. For analysis of long term data on the Danube River water level and Pontic shad catch, combinations of different methods were applied using statistical programs, SPSS 13.0 and MATLAB 6. Periodograms, containing cyclic patterns, were obtained using Fourier analysis. Significant oscillations were determined with Fisher-Whittle’s tests and residuals were calculated after subtracting these significant oscillations from the original signals. Autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models of residuals were finally applied. Results indicated that river water levels, and especially those in May, greatly explained the fluctuations of Pontic shad catch. Annual landings varied greatly and appeared to be cyclic. Varying river flow was considered to be one of the most important factors that cause fluctuations in the size of populations. Forecast indicates gradual increase of the catch in the next decade, followed by a decrease in other decades. Estimated as a vulnerable species of fish by the IUCN, development of the forecasting model of the future catch oscillations could be very helpful to regulate fishing efforts towards the sustainable use of stocks and species conservation.
    Keywords: Fish catch, Water level, Oscillations, Model, Prediction
  • A. Mishra *, U.K. Sarkar, R. Kumar, A. Rawat, S. Verma Pages 458-470
    The present work focused on exploring reproductive biology of fish from different major rivers of India and their tributaries by comparing ovarian protein, fecundity, oocyte weight, oocyte diameter and condition factor during the spawning period. Significant correlation was found between reproductive parameters of fish in the major rivers and their tributaries. Among the parameters studied fecundity showed the highest correlation with ovarian protein level and oocyte weight in the major rivers, whereas in tributaries it was highly correlated with ovarian protein. The results from a wild population showed that the fecundity and ovarian protein level were significantly higher in the Narmada River, and the lowest in river Ganga (U.P.). Among the tributaries, maximum ovarian fecundity was observed in fish with the highest protein concentration from River Hooghly. The condition factor (K) in female Ompok bimaculatus were reported to be significantly high in the major River Cauveri and Sharda tributary. The oocyte weight was significantly higher in the major River Krishna and the lowest in fish from River Godavari. In fish samples collected from tributaries, those Sone River showed the highest oocyte diameter and fish from Betwa River showed the lowest oocyte diameter. It can be concluded that the aquatic atmosphere in the local area plays an important role in species specification and can affect their reproductive performance as well as their survival.
    Keywords: Fecundity, Oocyte diameter, weight, Condition factor, Ovarian protein concentration, Ompok bimaculatus
  • H. Fourooghifard *, A. Matinfar Mortazavi, K. Roohani Ghadikolaee, M. Mirbakhsh Pages 471-486
    In this study, a 2×3 factorial design with two levels of shrimp density (25 and 50 shrimp per m2) and three levels of red algae density (0, 200 and 400g per m2) was applied to calculate nitrogen and phosphorous budgets in the integrated culture of Litopenaeus vannamei with Gracilaria corticata during 45 days in a zero water exchange system. Juveniles of L. vannamei (5.82±0.11 g) and G. corticata were cultured in 18 round 1 m3 poly ethylene tanks. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH and salinity were measured once every 3 days. Results indicated that shrimp density had a significant effect on pH and DO in the morning and in the afternoon. The algal density didn’t have a significant effect on pH and DO in culturing tanks (p>0.05). According to the results of this study, the main source of nitrogen and phosphorus input to the tanks during a 45- day culturing period was from feeds. Shrimp and algal densities significantly affect the concentration of total ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and phosphate in water and an increase in shrimp density led to an increase of these compounds whereas, increasing the algal density led to the reduction of these compounds. Results indicated that increasing the density of G.corticata in all treatments, led to an increase in biomass of harvested shrimp and the co-culture of G. corticata with L.vannamei decreased the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in both water and sediments and improved the water quality of L.vannamei culture.
    Keywords: Nitrogen budget, Phosphorous budget, Litopenaeus vannamei, Gracilaria corticata, Zero water exchange
  • M. Vaziriyan, M. Banaee *, B. Nemadoost Haghi, M. Mohiseni Pages 487-502
    Aflatoxins are a group of secondary fungal metabolites that occur widely as natural contaminants of many feeds under high humidity and temperature, and are potentially dangerous to fish. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of aflatoxins on some plasma biochemical indices, as clinical biomarkers, in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Fish were fed diets contaminated with 0 (control), 0.5, 0.7 and 1.4 mg aflatoxins per kg feed for 3 weeks. No significant changes (p>0.05) were observed in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in plasma of fish. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, total protein and globulin levels in fish fed aflatoxins showed a significant (p
    Keywords: Aflatoxins, Common carp, Biochemical indices, Aflatoxicosis
  • O. Fakioglu *, M. Kokturk, A.S. Uzundumlu, H. Arslan, M. Atamanalp Pages 503-515
    The aim of this study was to identify the variation of plankton communities in the Tortum Lake. Changes in phytoplankton and zooplankton communities in relation to the abiotic environment were analyzed using multivariate analysis. Water samples were taken monthly from three sampling points of the Tortum Lake between June 2012 and May 2013. Water temperature (5.28-23.05°C), dissolved oxygen (1.54-13.68 mgL-1), and pH (7.22-9.01) were measured in situ. Chlorophyll-a and total orthophosphate concentrations ranged from 0.18 to 5.70 mgL-1 and from 0.01 to 0.00 mgL-1, respectively. In the Tortum Lake, Ceratium hirundinella (18%), Botryococcus braunii (51%), Chlamydomonas microsphaerella (25%), Microcystis aeruginosa (7%), Melosira varians (1%), Monoraphidium contortum (1%), Copepoda (66%), Daphnia (33%) and Keratella (1%) were found. Some species such as M. aeruginosa were increased by organic and inorganic pollution in Tortum Lake.
    Keywords: Phytoplankton, Zooplankton, Biodiversity index, Tortum Lake, Multivariate analysis
  • S. Zhaoqun, W. Rong, Z. Yugui * Pages 516-532
    This paper used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure the technical efficiency of fishing vessels in Haizhou Bay, and then used the Tobit regression to define its influencing factors. This study shows that the overall fishing capacity utilization of fishing vessels at present is very low which indicates that there is a serious problem of waste of resources in Haizhou Bay. Specifically, the engine power, hull length, vessel age and annual days of fishing at sea are negatively correlated with the fishing vessels technical efficiency which means the decrease of the engine power, hull length, vessel age and annual days of fishing at sea will increase the fishing vessels technical efficiency. Moreover the captain's working seniority, fuel subsidies and total annual costs are positively correlated with the fishing vessels technical efficiency which means the decrease of working seniority, fuel subsidies and total annual cost will decrease the fishing vessels technical efficiency. However, only the p value of annual days of fishing at sea (p=0.007) and total annual costs (p=0.001) are significant at 5% significance level. Therefore, it may be concluded that annual days of fishing at sea and the total annual costs are the main impacting factors.
    Keywords: Technical efficiency, Influencing factors, Haizhou Bay, DEA, Tobit regression
  • N. Berenjkar, M.K. Khalesi *, G. Rahimi Mianji, A. Farhadi Pages 533-541
    Growth hormone (GH) is the most important hormone that controls somatic cell growth and syntheses of protein, fat, and carbohydrates. This study was conducted to identify gene polymorphism of GH-1 using PCR -single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technique and its association with growth traits including condition factor (CF), body weight (BW) and total length (TL) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). A total of 150 carps in 4 age classes of 4, 6, 12 and 24 months were randomly selected and DNA was extracted from the caudal fin by modified salting out method. A fragment of 373 bp from exon 4, intron 4, and exon 5 of GH-1 gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ). Genotyping of samples by SSCP analysis yielded 8 different banding patterns as A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H with frequencies of 31.33, 10.67, 20.67, 22.67, 4.0, 2.0, 2.67 and 6.0 %, respectively. Analysis of marker-trait correlation by General Linear Model (GLM) showed significant associations between carp GH-1 banding patterns and body weight, but the gene was not significantly associated with TL and CF parameters. The body weights of fish with a banding pattern of D were significantly (p
    Keywords: Cyprinus carpio, Growth hormone gene, PCR-SSCP
  • H. Ebrahimi, A. Vazirizadeh, I. Nabipour, A. Najafi *, S. Tajbakhsh, M. Nafisi Bahabadi Pages 542-551
    Sea cucumbers are the most important medicinal group among echinoderms. The presence of a wide range of natural bioactive compounds from sea cucumbers has been confirmed in many studies. This study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of ethanol, methanol and acetone extracts from sea cucumber Holothuria parva. The sea cucumbers were collected during the low tide from Ola village, Bushehr, Iran. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the extracts were determined against five human pathogens. The different components in H. parva were determined by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) method. All of the crude extracts were shown antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeroginosa, and E. fecalis. Also, methanol and ethanol extracts had inhibitory and bactericidal activities on the growth of the tested bacteria, respectively (p
    Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Sea cucumber, Holothuria parva
  • M. Tavakoli *, H. Fazli, M. Moghim, M.R. Behrooz Khoshghalb Pages 552-563
    The objective of this study was to compare the biological parameters such as length, weight, age, caviar production indices, caviar/weight, condition factor and sex ratio of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897) and Russian sturgeon (A. gueldenstaedtii Brandt & Ratzeburg, 1833) in the Caspian Sea during 1990-2014. All these characteristics (except condition factor) of Persian sturgeon were greater than the Russian sturgeon. In the long period, annually average (±SD) fork length ranged from 129.3 (±11.87) to 140.9 (±15.99) cm for Russian sturgeon and 145.7 (±17.61) to 157.4 (±19.31) cm for the Persian sturgeon. The annually caviar harvest for the Russian sturgeon ranged from 3.86 (±1.05) to 5.02 (±1.82) kg with a caviar/weight ratio were ranged from 16.9 (±4.12) to 20.1% (±5.12), while comparatively for the Persian sturgeon was greater and ranged from 4.84 (±1.62) and 7.04 (±2.58) kg with a caviar/weight ratio of 16.2 (±3.99) to 21.1% (±5.20). The age of both species ranged between 6 to 40 years but the modal age of Russian sturgeon was less than Persian sturgeon. The male:female sex ratio of Russian and Persian sturgeons were 0.23:1 and 0.57:1, respectively. The sex ratio of Russian sturgeon was significantly different from sex ratio of Persian sturgeon (p
    Keywords: Acipenser persicus, Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, Age, Length, Weight, Sex, Caspian Sea
  • M.F. Vajargah, A.M. Yalsuyi *, A. Hedayati Pages 564-572
    The aim of this study was utilizing Kemin multi-enzyme in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) diet and investigating the impact on fish survival rate exposed to the lethal concentration of abamectin. For this purpose, 350 fish were divided into two experimental diets, containing 0 and 1000 mg Kemin kg-1 of diets for 6 weeks and weighed end of this stage. Then, LC50 of abamectin for fish dietary consumed Kemin multi-enzyme (treatment group) was determined with different concentrations of abamectin (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6 mL L-1) for 96 hours; also, this testes were repeated for the other group (didn’t fed with Kemin multi-enzyme-control group). Analysis of the data showed significant difference between treatment and control groups in terms of fatalities (p
    Keywords: Kemin multi-enzyme, Growth performance, Pesticides, Abamectin, Toxicity, Common carp
  • R. Rahnama *, M.R. Seyfi Abad Shapouri, R. Peyghan, A. Rezaie, N. Shahbazian Pages 573-584
    The importance of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) in Iran aquaculture industry on one hand, and increasing the mortality of this fish due to outbreaks of infectious diseases, on the other hand, indicate the requirement for more profound understanding the rainbow trout immune system and access to laboratory tools for definitive diagnosis of its diseases. One of the most important defense mechanisms of vertebrates including fish is the production of immunoglobulin against microbial pathogens. In rainbow trout, dominant immunoglobulin in serum is immunoglobulin M (IgM). The purpose of this study was the cloning and expression of the constant region of rainbow trout IgM heavy chain (µ chain) gene in Escherichia coli. Therefore, RNA of the targeted gene was extracted from spleen and head kidney of rainbow trout and the constant region of µ chain was amplified by RT-PCR. The amplified fragment was ligated to pMALc2x vector and transferred to DH5α strain of E. coli. Recombinant vector transformed and expressed into E. coli Rosetta strain. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated the production of a recombinant protein with an expected molecular weight of 75 KDa. Thereafter, the recombinant protein was purified by amylose resin and its antigenicity was accessed by immunoblotting. Positive reaction of the expressed protein with anti-trout serum indicated that the expressed constant region of trout µ chain possess antigenic epitopes and could be applied in future immunological studies.
    Keywords: Immunoglobulin M, Rainbow trout, Immunoblotting, pMALc2x
  • M. Ettefaghdoost *, H. Alaf Noveirian, B. Falahatkar Pages 585-602
    A 56 days grow-out experiment with three protein levels (35, 40 and 45%) and three lipid levels (5, 10 and 15%) was conducted to evaluate the optimum protein to lipid ratio for oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense). Four hundred and five prawns, with mean (± SD) weight of 1.40 ± 0.04 g were distributed in 27 glass aquaria and were fed four times daily. Results showed that interaction between protein and lipid was significantly affected all of the growth indices (p0.05). The results of this study showed that oriental river prawn represents the best performance at level of 45% protein and 5% lipid.
    Keywords: Nutrients requirements, Feed conversion ratio, Body composition, Macrobrachium nipponense
  • Zeraatkish *, F. Rashidi, D. Rashidi Pages 603-612
    The price transmission from the international market to the domestic market of tunas was investigated in the present research. For this purpose, the elasticity of substitution between tuna imports with goods produced in Iran (Armington Elasticity) was calculated. Armington elasticity reflects a degree of substitution between commodities produced domestically and those produced abroad. A greater elasticity indicates that buyers did not discriminate between domestic and foreign produced commodities and the buyers considered them the same. Therefore, any policy to influence the price of imported commodities will be effective in regulating the prices of commodities produced domestically. In the present study, in order to calculate Armington elasticity, the annual data for the year between 1974 and 2014 were used along with the technique of maximum entropy (ME). In addition to Armington elasticity, the least square estimated and vector error correction model (ECM) was estimated using entropy maximization. The results showed that Armington tension in the long-term was greater than that in the short-term. Even though this means the product has been imported, it serves as an alternative for domestically produced commodities; therefore, buyers do not see any difference between them. Additionally, the prices of these products have been affected by global prices and the swings in global prices can be transported more easily to the internal market for these products in the long-term than in the short-term.
    Keywords: Price transfer, Maximization of entropy, Armington
  • A. Hameed, F. Muhammad *, A.A. Muhammad, M. Shafi, R. Sultana Pages 613-619