نشریه مطالعات مدیریت گردشگری
پیاپی 36 (زمستان 1395)

This study tried to study the strategies for reaching a sustainable settlement system in the desert of Hasanabad in accordance with tourism potentials of the mentioned region. The research is developmental-applied based of goal and it is descriptive-nalytical based of method. The required data were collected by documentary, survey, Opinion Polling methods and questionnaire. 382 settlers and 341 tourists were selected as the sample of the society. To test the hypotheses, Chi Square, and Factor Analysis were used and the planning tourist development was conducted using SWOT model. The results of this study show that developing desert tourism and local participation strategy have the most
significant effects on attracting tourists. These have a significant role in the development of the area of the study.

Information on characteristics and shopping behavior of tourists play critical role in marketing of tourist shopping destinations. This research aims to study the characteristics of Baneh tourists and its impact on their shopping behaviors. To this end, data was collected using questionnaires from 384 tourists during two high seasons of summer and Nowroz festival. The results show that, the marital status, and origin of the tourist had statistically significant influence on their shopping expenditure, shopping time and frequency of visit to Baneh. The education level of tourists had only significant relationship with methods of payment. Among the personal attributes, only the age had significant influence on several variables including shopping expenditure, Length of stay, accommodation type, method of payment and shopping duration. The shopping purpose had significant relationship with shopping behavior and shopping motivations and source of information had insignificant influence on it.

Agritourism has become increasingly important in recent years and different countries have put a lot of efforts to promote it. Experts believe that agritourism can play an important and constructive role in sustainable agricultural and rural development as a new strategy. Accordingly, the present study analyzes the challenges and issues facing agritourism development in the rural areas of Shahrud city using a qualitative research design and purposive sampling. Data were collected via holding interviews and meetings with three groups of stakeholders (farmers, tourists and managers) based on the modified Nominal Group Technique (NGT) in the summer of 2015. The central question raised at the meeting was: What are the challenges and issues of agritourism development in the rural areas of Shahrud city? According to the results, the stakeholders
categorized the challenges and issues facing agritourism development in Shahrud into six groups: distance from major population resources, comprehensive national and regional policies, awareness and training, marketing, customs, and laws.

The aim of current study is to make a comparative investigation of agility variables in manufacturing sector and hotel services sector and determines the weights of these variables in order to create the best distinction between the two sectors in terms of agility. Therefore, in this study the agility variables of manufacturing firm were extracted from the literature and then was examined in agile hotels to be determined whether these variables in the agile hotels are considering as well as the agile manufacturing companies or not. The sample included active manufacturing companies located in the Toos industrial estate and three, four and five-star hotels in Mashhad. For collecting data were used through two questionnaire. Data were collected from Stratified sampling
method. Also the questionnaires collected was analyzed with MANOVA, independent – samples t test and discriminant analysis. Finally, according to the results of this study, it was found that there is a significant difference between the averages vector of agility variables in two groups. The variables that were causing these differences include continuing education, changing culture, cooperation, responsiveness, flexibility, speed and competency that theirs averages in hotels were more than averages in anufacturing companies. Also, combining the continuous education variable of determination and lexibility variable with specific coefficient, create the highest istinction between zthehotels and manufacturing firms in terms of agility.

travel intention is one of the variables that tourism marketing experts interest it to analyze consumer behavior in tourism. In this article, pull and push factors that affect travel intention of religious tourism were extracted with Delphi method firstly and then the model that it was submitted base of experts attitudes and library studies was tested with smart PLS software. Base of experts attitudes, the most important push factors are Age, tourist belief to requirement of destination Pilgrimage, Being religious, the impetus for faith increasing, Religious travel experience, the impetus for the forgiveness of sins. The most important pull factors are existence of night life in destination, mentioning
destination name in the Quran and the Hadiths, development of destination transportation, the fame of destination, development of health services in destination. Base of results, some pull factors with some push factors, some pull factors with attitude, attitude with desire and desire with travel intention of religious tourism have relationship.

Along with the evolution of the relationship between tourism and economic growth, other aspects of economic welfare have been more attractive rather than economic growth. In this study, we will test the causal relationship among tourism, economic growth, poverty and inequality in Iran by adding tourism to Triangle of Poverty, Economic Growth and Inequality to answer this question: "Is tourism development as an important factor of mentioned triangle to achieve a lower level of poverty?”.We test this relationship by applying the Generalized Method of Moment techniques and by testing alternative existing theories in the period of 1350 until 1391. Our empirical findings show that tourism has a positive effect on Iran’s economic growth and also reduces inequality and poverty in this country.