فهرست مطالب

Rehabilitation Journal - Volume:12 Issue: 19, Mar 2014

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal
Volume:12 Issue: 19, Mar 2014

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1392/11/27
  • تعداد عناوین: 9
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  • Asghar Dadkhah * Page 4
    Current understanding of disability and impairment has led to new approaches in Rehabilitation. In this issue of Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, a variety of articles introduces a new trend in rehabilitation. "Emotion pitch" of each vowel sound and Percentage of vowel correct is the subject which Talie Zarifian and her colleagues discussed in their article. Persian speaking children can get benefit from the results of this paper. This paper reminds the readers for family empowerment and family based rehabilitation (1). Preschool children were the target of another paper related to Perceptual Motor Training on Motor Skills. Dr. Sajedi discussed the improvement of perceptual- motor training on skills level of preschool children and motivation of preschool centers. Motor disorder and motor activity are the main concern in children rehabilitation (2, 3, 4, 5, 6).
    Keywords: new trend, Rehabilitation
  • Talieh Zarifian *, Laya Gholami Tehrani, Yahya Modaresi, Mehdi Dastjerdi Kazemi, Mahyar Salavati Pages 5-8
    Objectives
    The Percentage of vowel correct (PVC) is one of the indices in the development of articulation and phonological skills in children that can be measured with speech samples that could be extracted from the single word or connected speech tests. The aim of this study is to introduce the PVC scale in Persian speaking children and investigate its validity and reliability.
    Method
    This validation study was conducted on 387 monolingual Persian speaking children aged between 3-6, that were selected from 12 nurseries and kindergartens in north-western of Tehran. The instrument for measuring PVC was Phonological Picture naming Test which its Content Validity Ratio (CVR) was assessed by Speech Language Pathologists and linguists. The comparison PVC scores in with and without phonological disorders (using Independent t-tests) and the relationship of PVC scores with age (using Kruskal Wallis test) was used for determining construct validity of the scale. Test-retest and scoring-rescoring were assessed, using Spearman’s correlation coefficients, intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs), standard errors of measurement (SEMs) and coefficients of variations (CVs).
    Results
    Construct validity was confirmed with a significant difference between PVC scores of Children with and without phonological disorders (respectively: P<.001 and P<.05) and different age groups. Spearman’s correlation coefficients, intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs), standard errors of measurement (SEMs) and coefficients of variations (CVs) for test– retest respectively were (.65,.65,.48,.08) and for scoring-rescoring respectively were (.71,.69,.33,.08).
    Conclusion
    Results show that the PVC Scale is probably to be a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating articulation competence of Persian speaking children in clinical settings and research projects.
    Keywords: phonology, articulation, phonological disorder, Percentage of vowel correct
  • Vahid Rashedi, Masoud Gharib, Abbas Ali Yazdani * Pages 9-13
    Objectives
    Social participation is linked to healthy aging and the maintenance of functional independence in older individuals. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between social participation and orderly’s mental health.
    Method
    Totally 380 people, aged over 60 residing in city of Hamadan were participated in the study. The participants completed a researcher-tailored inventory assessing their social participation and a GHQ-28 questionnaire assessing their mental health. Required social and demographic data was also gathered.
    Results
    Findings showed that the elderly, relatively, enjoyed good level of mental health. In general, mental health was significantly associated with social participation. However, when looking at subscales, only somatic and social performance had a significant positive relationship with social participation.
    Conclusion
    Social participation can be of effective factors on which policy makers and therapists can plan to improve the mental health of aged people.
    Keywords: Older adults, Social participation, Mental health
  • Firoozeh Sajedi, Hajar Barati * Pages 14-17
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Perceptual-motor training on motor skills of normal preschool children (aged 4-6 years) in Esfahan city.
    Method
    This was a quasi-experimental study with intervention and control groups. Each group included 30 normal preschool children aged 4 to 6 years. They were selected randomly; children of intervention group one empowering children center and the control group from preschool centers, of Esfahan city in 2013. The intervention group received perceptual- motor training for 15 sessions (each 1 hour) during 2 months. The measurement was Bruninks– Oseretsky test that was implemented as pre- and post-tests. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 18.
    Results
    The intervention group had significantly higher motor skills (gross and fine motor skills) scores after training, in comparison to control group (p= 0.000).
    Conclusion
    It seems that the perceptual- motor training can improve the motor skills level of preschool children. So it is recommended as a useful method for motivation of motor skills development in preschool centers.
    Keywords: perceptual– motor training, motor skills, preschool children
  • Malek Amini *, Sourena Moosavi, Aryan Shamili, Ruzbe Kazemi, Mostafa Qorbani, Marzieh Pashmdarfard Pages 18-21
    Objectives
    Spasticity and contracture in flexor muscles of the wrist may occur after stroke, especially in which early recovery did not appear. Splints are prescribed to reduce spasticity and to prevent contracture after stroke. Although there is a few research in this field. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the Extension splint on function, spasticity, and range of motion of upper extremity in chronic stroke patients.
    Method
    Fourteen patients with chronic cerebro-vascular accident according to inclusion criteria participated in this study, and after initial assessments they were given splints. Goniometry was the method of assessing range of motion, and Fugl-Meyer assessment was used to examine the function of upper extremity, and spasticity of upper limb was evaluated by Modified Ashworth Scale. Patients were instructed to wear the extension splints for 1 month and 2 hours a day and all night (6 to 8 hours). Assessments were repeated at the end of the first, third and fourth weeks.
    Results
    The difference of wrist`s spasticity level and passive range of motion of wrist were significant before and after 1 month (P<0.001, P=0.01). And other items did not significantly improve (P>0.05). Also a result indicates that there are improvements in all outcomes to some extent and these results were not significantly different in the outcomes.
    Conclusion
    The results show that 1-month using of this splint with 30-degrees of wrist extension reduces spasticity and improves passive wrist range of motion. But changes in other outcomes were not significant.
    Keywords: stroke, extension splint, spasticity, range of motion, function
  • Hassan Shakeri, Roshanak Keshavarz *, Amir Masoud Arab, Farhad Tabatabai Ghosheh, Ailin Talim Khani Pages 22-30
    Objectives
    The purpose of this study was to compare scapular kinematics during elevation phase of abduction, flexion, and scapular plane elevation phase between fifteen persons with shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) and thirteen persons without it.
    Method
    Values of scapular kinematics include scapular superior and lateral translations, upward rotation, external rotation, and posterior tipping were statistically tested with mixed model analysis of variance.
    Results
    Scapular upward rotation during 30˚, 60˚, and 90˚ of abduction, and initial angle of scapular plane elevation were significantly different between groups (P < 0.05). Posterior tipping was significantly decreased in patients with SIS at the initial angle of flexion (P =0.015). Lateral translation at 90˚, and 110˚ of abduction (P =0.015, and P=0.012, respectively) were lesser in patients.
    Conclusion
    It seems that scapular kinematics during arm elevation in different movement planes is different, especially upward rotation between persons with and without SIS.
    Keywords: scapular kinematics, different humerus angles, three shoulder movement planes
  • Abdollah Moosavi, Zahra Hosseini Dastgerdi *, Yones Lotfi, Saeideh Mehrkian, Enayatollah Bakhshi, Bahare Khavar Ghazalani Pages 31-37
    Objectives
    The aim of the present study was to assess the auditory lateralization ability in children with (central) auditory processing disorder.
    Method
    Participants were divided in two groups: 15 children with Central Auditory Processing Disorder (8-10 years) and 80 normal children (8-11 years) from both genders with pure-tone air-conduction thresholds better than 20 dB HL bilaterally and interaural pure tone threshold difference better than 5 dB. All subjects had normal IQ and normal otoscopy: In the present study 9 imaginary positions were simulated in horizontal plane by Interaural Time Difference (ITD) and Interaural Intensity Difference (IID) to evaluate the auditory lateralization performance in normal and children with (central) Auditory Processing Disorder (C)APD. Lateralization performance were determined by ITD ranging from -880 to +880 microsecond and IID ranging from -10 to +10 dB for high pass and low pass noise(2 kHz cut off point). Boltzmann function was used to describe the auditory lateralization performance and Independent Samples T-test was used to compare the two groups.
    Results
    according to Boltzmann function two major types of abnormalities were revealed in the lateralization performances: 1- completely disoriented, 2- side-oriented. 86.6% of (C)APD children showed significant increase in mean of test errors compared with normal ones (p<0.001).
    Conclusion
    The study supports the hypothesis that most children with (C)APD have poor auditory lateralization and abnormal processing of binaural cues.
    Keywords: Auditory Processing Disorder, Localization, lateralization, binaural hearing
  • Yasaman Etemadi *, Amir Masoud Arabloo, Mahyar Salavati Pages 38-41
    Objectives
    Altered movement strategy and postural control has been observed in Low Back Pain (LBP) patients. Objective of this study was to determine postural response following support surface translation, also correlations between postural response related measures and disability caused by LBP.
    Method
    20 healthy subjects and 20 patients with recurrent non specific LBP participated in this study. They were instructed to stand on a moveable platform with each foot placed on a separate force plate. Platform was translated backward. Center of pressure (CoP) displacement data was derived and used for calculation of postural parameters. Reaction time, Latency, mean initial Velocity and peak displacement were used as measures of postural stability. Disability was assessed by the Oswestry Disability index (ODI) and Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RMDQ). Correlation between balance and disability measures were assesed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
    Results
    Subjects with LBP had delayed reaction time, prolonged Latency and slower velocity compared to healthy subjects. Also, correlation between CoP measurments and physical function were poor.
    Conclusion
    This study reveald altered postural response against purturbation in patients with LBP and no association between CoP measures and disability.
    Keywords: Low back pain, Balance, Center of pressure, disability questionnaire
  • Mohammad Rostami, B. Bahmani, Vahid Bakhtyari, Guita Movallali * Pages 43-53
    Deafness is a heterogeneous condition with far-reaching effects on social, emotional, and cognitive development. Many regard themselves as members of a cultural minority who use sign language. They should not continue to be neglected in research on depression. The purpose of this article is to investigate depression among the deaf people based on researches results. We identified relevant studies by searching the computerized databases Science Direct, PsycINFO and Medline. Additional relevant studies were identified through the reference sections of studies found during the initial search. In this article we retrieved 11 articles, 8 of them indicated a higher degree of depression amongst deaf people in comparison with hearing ones. The remaining 3 articles showed no difference between two groups. In addition anxiety disorders and insomnia were the highest degrees after depression in deaf people. Mild levels of depressive symptoms are more prevalent in the deaf than in hearing students but more severe depression is not. Although there is no evidence in the literature to suggest that Deaf adults do not experience depressive symptoms, the typical methods of assessing depressive symptoms among the population are inadequate and unreliable.
    Keywords: deafness, depression, adolescence