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Health Education and Health Promotion - Volume:1 Issue: 1, Winter 2013

Health Education and Health Promotion
Volume:1 Issue: 1, Winter 2013

  • 66 صفحه، بهای روی جلد: 5,000ريال
  • تاریخ انتشار: 1392/03/12
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Fazlollah Ghofranipour, Saeideh Ghaffarifar Pages 1-2
  • Saeid Bashirian, Alireza Hidarnia, Hamid Allahverdipour, Ebrahim Hajizadeh Pages 3-12
    Aims
    Adolescence is one the most precarious periods of life, concerning the drug abuse. The social cost of the drug abuse and injury among adolescents is extraordinary and requires intervention. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) is perhaps the most influential theory for prediction of social and health behaviors including drug abuse. This study aimed at designing and implementing a curriculum based on the TPB for preventing adolescents from drug abuse. Methods and Materials: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Hamadan, west Iran. We recruited 140 male high school students from randomly selected schools: they were divided into experimental group, n = 70 and control group, n = 70. The experimental group received 20 hours educational program based on the TPB. The control group receives no intervention.
    Findings
    Compared to the control group, experimental group have significantly elevated post test scores for attitude (19.07 vs. 15.28, p <. 001), subjective norm (18.08 vs. 16.45, p <. 001), perceived behavioral control (51.67 vs. 54.82, p <. 001); and their intention to use drug significantly decreased(p = 0.082)
    Conclusions
    The TPB-based educational program may be effective in prevention of substance abuse among adolescents.
    Keywords: Drug abuse, Adolescents, Theory of planned behavior, Educational program
  • Mohammad Gholami Fesharaki, Mohammad Javad Jamali, Fatemeh Rahmati Najarkolaei, Masome Mohamadian, Mehdi Habibi, Zohreh Aghamiri Pages 13-20
    Aims
    Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction (PS) is one of the most essential factors in improving the quality of healthcare systems. The aim of this study is to determine the norms and to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Najmiyeh Outpatients Satisfaction Questionnaire (NOSQ). Methods and Materials: This study has been conducted on 240 outpatients in Najmiyeh subspecialty hospital (Tehran-Iran) in 2011. They were selected using the proportional simple random sampling method. Following the confirmation of the content validity, we considered the construct validity and reliability applying Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Cronbach''s Alpha. Also, SPSS and AMOS version 18 were used for data analysis.
    Findings
    The sample population consisted of 240 subjects, including 132 females (55.1%) and 108 males (44.9%). The EFA reported three important factors in this regard, with a variance of 54% and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index of 0.82, all approved by the CFA (RMSEA= 0.04, CFI= 0.96). The outpatients'' satisfaction factors were: “hospital information system, treatment and conditions”. The reliability of the questionnaire was reported at %71 based on the Cronbach''s alpha.
    Conclusions
    Both validity and the reliability indexes of the NOSQ have been reported at a desirable level; therefore it can be used as a valid and reliable instrument to measure the outpatients'' satisfaction.
    Keywords: Standardization, Outpatient's satisfaction, Reliability, Validity
  • Mahmood Karimy, Ahmadreza Abedi, Farkhondeh Amin, Shokravi, Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian Pages 21-31
    Aims
    Drug users form the main HIV-affected group in Iran. About two-third of all the individuals affected by HIV in Iran are those who use drug through injection. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of health belief model (HBM) on prevention of HIV transmission among the opiate-dependent population in Zarandieh. Methods and Materials: This is a quasi-experimental intervention study carried out on 49 addicted men in Zarandieh. was collected using a questionnaire, based on HBM and the group completed the questionnaire. According to the pre-test, the educational intervention was designed and implemented. Three months after the intervention, the post-test was performed and analyzed using the primary questionnaire and χ2, T-test.
    Findings
    The findings indicated that the mean scores of HBM Model constructs (self-efficacy, susceptibility, severity and benefit) increased significantly after intervention and the perceived barriers decreased (p< 0.001). Also, the history of HIV testing reported 8%before intervention, while the rate increased to 48.6% after intervention.
    Conclusions
    This finding provides initial support for designing and implementation of health education program, based on the HBM on Preventing HIV transmission among Opiate-dependent population.
    Keywords: Health education, AIDS, Health belief model
  • Ali Khani Jeihooni, Seyyd Mansour Kashfi, Seyyd Mohammad Mehdi Hazavehei Pages 33-49
    Aims
    Complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most important impediment resulted from uncontrolled blood sugar. The patients should be educated on controlling their blood sugar and promoting their preventive behaviors, in order to reduce complications. The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of the BASNEF Model-based educational programs on Blood sugar Control (Diabetes Type 2), in Nader Kazemi Clinic, Shiraz-Iran.rnMethods and Materials: This is a perspective and quasi-experimental intervention study, the research population is type 2 diabetics of 40-65 years diagnosed over 5 years. 100 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria participated in the study. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The instruments for data collection were: a questionnaire established based on the BASNEF Model (Belief, Attitude, Subjective Norm and Enabling Factors), a self reporting checklist related to the patient practice and a checklist for recording the patient's HbA1c and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) levels. Content validity method was used to evaluate the questionnaire's scientific validity. The questionnaires were completed by 20 type 2 diabetics to measure reliability (other than those who participated in the study). The faulty ones were removed and the results checked with %95 reliability (Cronbach's ά Coefficient was 84%).rnBoth groups completed the questionnaires and checklists; the results were documented before and three months after intervention.rnThe patients of the experimental group participated in 6- session educational classes in the first month of intervention and once more two months after, with 2-session meeting classes as the intervention follow up. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software, chi square-test, T-test for independent samples, matched T-test, and repeated measures ANOVA.rn
    Findings
    concerning the mean scores of age, T-test for independent samples showed no significant difference between the experimental group (SD=7.52, Mean=54.40) and control group (SD=6.72, Mean=54.24).rnThe findings indicated that the mean scores of BASNEF Model variables were significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the control group, after intervention. Also, behavioral control of blood sugar, HbA1c rate (8.65% before intervention and 7.47% after three months) and FBS levels (207.08 before intervention and 124.2 after three months) improved significantly among the experimental group, compared to control group.rn
    Conclusions
    Applying the BASNEF Model is very effective in developing an educational program for diabetics, in order to control their blood sugar and enhance behavioral controlling blood sugar. Besides, follow up education on controlling and monitoring is highly recommended.
    Keywords: Type 2 DM_Fasting Blood Sugar_BASNEF Model
  • Mohammad Vahedian, Shahroodi, Farkhondeh Amin, Shokravi, Alireza Hidarnia, Hadi Jabbari Nooghabid Pages 51-66
    Aims
    Most of the world population who is at work and production age does not have appropriate and regular physical activity for various reasons. Accordingly, the researchers tried to evaluate the effect of physical activity predictors of employees through the path analysis based on the Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM). Methods and Materials: We conducted this study on 359 employees of the milk and milk powder production factories in Mashhad. A questionnaire consisted of items related to the structure of the Pender's Health Promotion Model (Perceived Benefits, Perceived Barriers, Prior Related Behavior, Perceived Self-Efficacy, Activity Related Affect, Personal Factors, Interpersonal Influences and Situational Influences) and the IPAQ standard questionnaire related to the physical activity were designed and applied in interviews as data collection instruments.
    Findings
    One fourth of the employees had proper physical activity. Generally, structures of the Pender's Health Promotion Model predicted 34.8 % of the physical activity behavior variance. Regression analysis has shown that the predictability of Prior Related Behavior, Perceived Self-Efficacy, Personal Factors, Activity Related Affect and Interpersonal Influences are significant and Situational Influences are nearly significant. Prior Related Behavior (β = 0.45, P < 0.000) and Self-Efficacy (β = 0.17, P
    Conclusions
    The findings of the study revealed that HPM is efficient in identifying and predicting the physical activity behavior. This pattern can be used as a framework for planning and implementing educational interventions in order to improve the physical activity of the adult employees.
    Keywords: Prediction, Physical activity, Pender's Health Promotion Model, Adult, Employee
  • Iraj Zareban, Shamsaddin Niknami, Fatemeh Rakhshani Pages 67-79
    Aims
    Diabetes as the most common diseases caused by metabolic disorders is an important global challenge. This is a disease that requires lifelong self-care; because the self-care and improvement of the life quality is cost effective. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of the self-Efficacy education program on reducing blood sugar levels among the type 2 diabetic patients. It was conducted in Zahedan. Methods and Materials: 138 diabetic type 2 patients were selected in Zahedan Diabetic Center and divided randomly into control groups (n=69) and test group (n=69); and special checklist and health belief model questionnaire were applied as data collection instruments. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire was evaluated and confirmed. The data collected before intervention was analyzed, then educational design method executed 3 and 6 months after intervention and the collected data was analyzed using SPSS software.
    Findings
    According to the results, there is a significant statistical difference in average number of models before and after educational intervention (p)
    Conclusions
    Self-efficacy training in striation improves knowledge, attitude and self-care behaviours performance of the subjects and the related average of HbA1c and FB. The training seems to increase the learner's active participation in caring themselves, because they have experienced the results of the training program and they are motivated to enhance their better self-care behaviours.
    Keywords: Diabetes, Self, care, Self, efficacy, Health education, HbA1c