نشریه دانشگاه علوم پزشکی البرز
سال سوم شماره 3 (تابستان 1393)

Gestational diabetes has dangerous complications of pregnancy, this study was performed to assess the relationship between iron and zinc serum levels with gestational diabetes. This longitudinal (prospective) study conducted on 1033 pregnant women who came to prenatal clinics of Tehran city. Demographic questionnaire and reproductive history was completed and also a venous blood sample was taken from all the pregnant women upon entry. Gestational diabetes was defined as GCT that it was upper than130 therefore GTT or NDDG performed. Data was analyzed by SPSS16 software and Independent Samples t-Test. The incidence of gestational diabetes was 7 %. Mean iron and zinc serum level was 116.6±95.7 µg/dl and 83/5 ±44/5 µg/dl. The Independent Samples t-Test showed that there was a significant relationship between maternal iron serum level and gestational diabetes and there wasnt a significant relationship between maternal zinc serum level and gestational diabetes. Healthcare workers can use the results of this study to monitor high maternal serum iron in the first trimester as a significant risk factor for gestational diabetes. Thus, in selected screening programs for gestational diabetes in terms of risk factors, women should undergo GTT and preventive measures with less time and cost can be taken decrease the complications.

Emotional strengthening, facilitates being faced with life challenges and improves the level of people's mental health. In the present study, prevalence of alexithymia and its relationship with demographic variables has been investigated. A sample of 571 undergraduate students of Kharazmi university of Tehran (Karaj campus), 202 boys and 369 girls, aged 18-25 were chosen with Stratified sampling method and completed Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20) and Edinburgh Handedness Inventory. Data were analyzed by descriptive indices, independent sample T-test and Pearson’s correlation. The overall prevalence of alexithymia was 15.1% (17.3% boys, 13.8% girls). Result of independent sample T-test showed that alexithymia was associated with male gender, language (monolingual and bilingual) and handedness. As to the three factors of the TAS-20, boys scored higher in externally oriented thinking (EOT), but there was no gender difference in difficulty in identifying feelings (DIF) and difficulty in describing feelings (DDF). Based on this finding male gender, bilingualism and right handing has important indicator for became alexithymic in the individual.

Protein fibrils are deposited in different tissues as amyloid plaques, and it is strongly believed that they contribute to the pathogenesis of disorders, called amyloidosis. Cuminum cyminum has been used traditionally for dementia, which is a related disease to protein fibrillation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of Iranian herbal medicinal essential oils, as sources of small molecules, on the protein fibrillation process and their cytotoxicity effects. Fibrillation was characterized using circular dichroism spectroscopy, fluorescence assay with thioflavin T, and atomic force microscopy. Cytotoxicity studies were examined on SK-N-MC cell lines by MTT, lactate dehydrogenase and glucose consumption assays. The study showed that the C. cyminum essential oil inhibited fibrillation of the hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL), representing the protein model for fibrillation. This effect was specific, although, other herbal medicinal oils did not demonstrate similar inhibitory effects on protein fibrillation, in fact, sometimes they induced fibrillation. Cytotoxicity assays indicated that the oil alone destroyed the cultivated cells. It is concluded that although C. cyminum have a significant effect on the inhibition of protein fibrillation but causes cell death.

Emotion regulation strategies were of affection factors in disruptive behavior disorders. The aim of the study was to comparison emotion regulation strategies in boy adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder and normal in Amol town. A causative- comparative design and the study statistical population was all boy student of Amol town high school. The study sample comprised 36 people (18 people with oppositional defiant and 18 people normal) who were selected by single- stage cluster sampling. Data was collected using Achenbach Youth Self-Report Scale (YSR) and Garnefski & Kraaij emotional regulation questionnaire. To analyze the data, multi-vitiate analyze of variance (MANOVA) was used. The mean age of the adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder was 15/16±0/51and normal 15/11±0/67 years. The results of this study showed that adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder have negative emotion regulation strategies and adolescents normal have positive emotion regulation strategies. These findings highlighted the importance of positive and negative emotion regulation strategies in given oppositional defiant disorder in adolescents.

Nitric oxide (NO) as a lipophilic small molecule is produced from L- Arginine by a family of Nitric oxide Synthase (NOS) enzymes in living organisms. NO is now recognized as an important signaling molecule involved in a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes including cell growth, apoptosis and immunological regulation. The aim of this study is investigation of Nitric oxide effects on Volume, Weight and Histology of Pregnant, s rat Heart. Forty female Wister rats, weighing 200- 250 gr with a mean age of 8 weeks, were divided into 5 groups (n=8) after making sure that the experimental rats were pregnant. The first group was received 2mg/kg normal saline and the others were received respectively 200mg/kg L-Arginine, 20mg/kg L-NAME and a mixture of the same doses of L-Arginine & L-NAME on 3, 4 and 5th gestational days via intraperitoneal. The control group was not received any injection. Hearts were removed on 18th gestational days, then after weight and volume measuring and tissue preparation via staining by routine H&E methods studied by Light microscopy. Despite the increasing in weight and volume of the L-NAME group, there were no significant differences between groups but most histological changes in L-NAME group were observed. We found that L-NAME in pregnancy can cause histopathological changes in heart tissue via decreasing levels of NO.

Based on current rules of country, the use of artificial colors in traditional ice cream production and nut processing is not allowed. Because of the attractiveness that artificial colors in this product make, their use is being increasing. Therefore, it's necessary and important to control these products. The research was conducted in two separate studies. In a study, 163 samples of traditional ice cream and in other study, pistachio, Indian walnut, pumpkin seed, sunflower seed and Japanese seed, 28 examples of each, were collected from the supply surface of Karaj city. Samples were analyzed for color determination. After color extraction by acetic acid, ammonia and wool, color identification done by TLC. from samples of pistachio, Indian walnut, pumpkin seed, sunflower seed and Japanese seed surveyed, 35.7%, 39.3%, 27.2% and 21.4%, contained artificial colors, respectively. From 163 ice cream samples examined, 57 samples (34.97%) contained artificial color and 106 samples (65.03) had natural color. The most applied color in analyzed ice cream and nut was Carmoisin and quinolein, respectively. according to study results, 25% of nuts and 35% of traditional ice cream contained artificial color. Because artificial color gives attractive and favorite apparent to product and information lack of supplier from color side-effect, trend for their applications likely being increased. It’s suggested to control these products and to punish legally violating units.

Acid Red 18 dye was one of the Azo colors that are used in textile and dyeing industries. These dyes are often toxic and carcinogenic to humans and the environment as pollution. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating on nano alumina efficiency for removal of Acid Red 18 dye from aqueous solutions. This study was carried out in the laboratory scales and effect of The initial concentration of dye (25 to 100 mg/l), pH solution (3, 7, 11), nano alumina concentration (0.1, 0.4, 1, 1.5 g/l) and contact time in range 5 to 240 min on dye removal efficiency were evaluated. Also kinetic and isotherm models of adsorption process were evaluated. The high removal efficiency was observed in pH=3, contact time=60 min and Adsorbent concentration of 0.4 g/L. The rate of color removal were 63/24, 50/84 and 20 percent respectively at pH of 3, 7 and 11 for the initial dye concentration of 25 mg/l and 0.4 g/l mass absorbent that showing with increasing pH removal efficiency is reduced. the studied dye absorption isotherm was fitted Langmuir model (R2=0.994) which was 83.33 mg/g for maximum adsorption. The results from kinetic studies showed that removal of the studied dye was best described by pseudo-second order kinetic model (r2=0.999). The present study shows nano alumina powder is promising adsorbent for removal of Acid Red 18 from aqueous solution.

Lack of enough supervision, wrong and partial planning in the part of hospital residuals management cause high volume of production from variety of residuals which controlling them impose high costs to every society. In order to improve hospital wastes management, implementing a system of environmental management like ISO14001 can improve the environmental performance of organization. The main objective of this study was to identify and prioritize the effective factors in the implementation of ISO 14001 and the benefits of its implementation in hospitals of Tehran. In this study, After the identification of success factors and benefits of ISO 14001 implementation in hospitals of Tehran, In order to understand the importance and relative priority of these successful important factors and their benefits, the method of analytical hierarchy process is used. The results of study show that the most important successful factors Due to the importance are management commitment, education and training, Communications and Community Relations and documentation and control. Also the most important benefits are costs reduction in wastes management, increase awareness and commitment of staff, improve risk management practices and work process and procedures. The findings of this study indicate that which success factors of ISO 14001 requires more attention by managers and are in priority when implementing them.