مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان
سال شانزدهم شماره 12 (پیاپی 107، اسفند 1396)

Nowadays, the academic integrity suffers from invalid science. Researchers may use this bogus research and conduct their studies based on them, and present invalid findings. Identifying main factors which lead to junk science propagation can be important and this study aimed to determine factors which are affecting the propagation of junk science by using phenomenography .
This study used phenomenography, a qualitative research methodology, by purposive sampling. The research was conducted by interview as the main tool for data collection and included 12 participants. Participants were the researchers who had knowledge and experience in the domain. During the research, 8 descriptive categories were identified and final findings were presented in outcome space.
There are different factors affecting the propagation of invalid science and by considering publishing process, we can classify them in the three stages including: creating, evaluating, and publishing science. The results of this study are presented in the form of a process that shows how these factors are related to each other.
Based on this study findings, we can conclude that creating, evaluating, and publishing scientific materials should be considered to prevent propagation of invalid science. Also, we should consider both low and high-quality journals plus ethical and dishonest researchers.

Nowadays, nurse's job burnout phenomenon has become one of the problems of nursing society due to the high level of occupational stress, which can cause people to leave their profession. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between the rate of job burnout and intention to leave job among operation room workers in South Khorasan hospitals in 2016.
This descriptive study was carried out in census in 2016. The community consisted of the personnel of operating rooms of the hospitals affiliated to Birjand University of Medical Sciences (157 persons). Data collection tool was a questionnaire containing three parts of demographic information (9 questions), Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire (22 questions), and the desire to leave the profession questionnaire (15 questions). Data was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, One-way ANOVA, independent t-test, and descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation)
The results showed that in the studied society, burnout was low in the dimension of emotional analysis (11.44±5.60), moderate in depersonalization disorder (6.40±4.45), and high in individual failure (27.18±6.37). Also, there was a tendency to leave the profession at a low level (1.5 out of 5); and there was a significant correlation between the different dimensions of burnout and the degree of desire to leave the profession (p> 0.05).
According to the results of this study, nursing managers and practitioners in the province can take appropriate decisions and strategies, such as holding psychological meetings, to reduce the burnout rate of nurses.

Entrance of high concentration of Radon gas through drinking water or inhaling Radon gas released into the air from water can cause lung cancer. This study aimed to measure Radon gas dissolved in groundwater and to determine the annual effective absorbed dose of Radon gas in Zarand city.
This descriptive study was done on 48 randomly selected resources of agricultural water in Zarand in 2016. The annual absorbed dose of Radon gas by adults and children was estimated through the measurement of the concentration of dissolved Radon gas using portable RAD7electronic detector. Data was analyzed by one sample t-test.
The minimum and maximum amounts of Radon gas in the samples were 4.667±2.077 and 31.550±4.912 BqL-1, respectively. Therefore, the annual absorbed doses of Radon gas by adults and children drinking agricultural water were between 45.736±20.354 and 309.190±48.137 µSv/year and 62.770±27.935 and 424.347±66.066 µSv/year, respectively. Accurate investigation of data by one sample t- test showed that the annual absorbed doses by adults and children were significantly higher than the standard amount (p=.017 for adults and p>.001 for children).
Radon gas concentration dissolved in the water of Zarand region was high. The natural radiation can be reduced by not using water at the well, aeration of water in the reservoir, and informing the residents about the amount of background Radon gas concentration dissolved in agricultural wells.

Suicide is the second leading cause of death among young people in 15-29 years of age and has always been one of the major public health concerns. Suicide prevention is an integral part of the World Health Organization (WHO)’s Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020, whereby the global target was reducing the rate of suicide in the countries by 10% by 2020. The aim of this narrative review study was to identify the risk factors for adolescents suicide worldwide.
In this study, factors associated with adolescent suicide were classified in three categories: demographic factors such as: age, gender, sexuality, race, and ethnicity; environmental factors including: lack of social and familial support, imprisonment, poor life skills, family history, the Internet, and mass media; and psychological factors including: diagnosed mental disorders, adverse life events and abuse in childhood, academic stress, use of drugs and alcohol, and cyberbullying. It seems that by knowing suicide risk factors in adolescent, appropriate preventive measures can be carried out.

Suicide is a vast public health problem all over the world. Therefore, all countries need to design efficient strategic programs in order to deal with this phenomenon. The report of the World Health Organization entitled “Preventing suicide: a global imperative”, which has been published in 2014, can significantly help countries to design such programs. As a result, the aim of the present article is to critically discuss the components of suicide prevention programs suggested by this report.

Research into microbial contamination has shown that nursing white coat contains a variety of microorganisms that can lead to disease and cross-infection transmission in nurses. So, the aim of this study was to identify the bacterial contamination of nurses’ white coats in different wards of Sirjan hospitals in 2017.
In this cross-sectional study, the contamination of 200 nurses’ white coats was surveyed in the hospitals of Sirjan city. Sampling was done by wet sterile swab. The colonies formed on the medium were examined and biochemical tests were used to identify the isolated bacteria. Paired t-test was used to analyze the data.
The most common type of pathogen isolated from the nursing white coats in Imam Reza Hospital was Staphylococcus epidermidis (57.83%) and in Dr. Gharazi Hospital was also Staphylococcus epidermidis (51.35%), and the least pathogen in Imam Reza Hospital was related to Pseudomonas (1.2%) and in Dr. Gharazi Hospital was Escherichia coli as well as Pseudomonas (1.35%).
Regarding the results, it can be said that the contamination of nurses and medical staff’s white coats is unavoidable. This issue shows the importance of disinfecting, regular cleaning of the nurses’ white coats and using disposable white coats in the periods between delivering therapy to the patients that can lead to a reduction in the transmission of contamination from one patient to the other patients as well as the medical staff.