نشریه اندیشه های نوین تربیتی
سال دهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 34، زمستان 1393)

The aim of this study was the analysis of the relationship between instructional interaction methods and student's persistence in online education. A survey research methodology was used to examine the relationship between synchronous instructional interaction methods (such as chatting) and asynchronous instructional interaction methods (such as discussion forum and email) with the student's persistence in online courses. The findings of the research indicated the existence of positive relationship between the use of discussion forums and email by the teachers and the use of them by the students. Also, the findings revealed that in 40 percent of online courses, the primary method of instructor's interaction and the primary method of student's interaction was the same and that was combining chatting and email. As the research literature confirmed, the findings of the study showed that the choice of special methods of interaction can increase the use of that method by the students. These results emphasized on the important role of instructor –as a facilitator – in online learning process so that it can cause the increase of persistence rate in online courses.

The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of help seeking strategy on mathematical content understanding. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest design and control group. Research participants included 52 Female third grade guidance school students in the City of Kaleybar in the academic year of 2012-13 who were selected using cluster random sampling and were randomly placed in experimental and control groups. Students in the experimental group received help seeking strategy trainings for 15 sessions. At the same time, the control group continued their regular classroom programs. The results of covariance analysis showed that the scores of experimental group students in mathematical content understanding posttest were higher than that of the control group. This research has also implications for math teachers who can use these strategies for math achievement in their students.

The aim of this research was to study the nature of film philosophy and to infer its implications to achieve consciousness/understanding process, as an educational issue, from the point of view of Gadamer’s hermeneutics. The study used integrated inquiry as a method of qualitative research. The aim was showing that using film philosophy- as a new discipline and an interdisciplinary study approach- we can reach to some implications in the process of consciousness/understanding in Gadamer’s hermeneutics point of view. In such a case, film is considered a text and the film spectator is viewed as an interpreter. After doing the hermeneutical process (such as interpretation, dialogue, hermeneutical circle, fusion of horizons, etc.), it is investigated how we can do this process exactly about film and consider its product which is consciousness/understanding. The results revealed that seeing film and receiving it as a text, the spectator can achieve some implications using Gadamer’s hermeneutics methods and obtain consciousness /understanding. Finally a method for the improvement of achieving consciousness /understanding as an educational concept is suggested.

This study aimed at examining the relationship between spiritual leadership qualities of managers and work ethics of faculty members of Urmia University. Using the descriptive correlation method of research, 103 faculty members were selected applying random classified sampling method. For the purpose of data collection, Fry’s spiritual leadership questionnaire and Patty’s work ethics questionnaire were used. To validate the questionnaires, expert's views were taken and to measure their reliability Cronbach alpha coefficient was used in a pilot study on a sample of 30 people. The reliability of spiritual leadership qualities questionnaire turned out to be α=0.93, and that of work ethics questionnaire was α= 0.89. The research data was analyzed using variation analysis in multiple variables and regression analysis. The results indicated that there was a positive significant relationship between spiritual leadership qualities of managers and all of the work ethics components (except cooperative and collective spirit). Also, it was revealed that the components of performance feedback, organization membership, commitment to organization and commitment to the job can significantly and positively predict work ethics. According to the results, it can be said that through spiritual leadership in an organization, an increase in work ethics among faculty members can be achieved.

Given that the epistemological nature of critical thinking can be explained in the domain of cognitive philosophy and since different philosophical approaches bring forth its meaning in the light of different principles and aspects, the implication of its meaning and truthfulness differs according to different varieties of cognitive approaches. In this respect, critical thinking is facing misunderstandings and ambiguities that challenge the recognition of its position in education. The present study aims at reviewing the explanatory approaches through analytic-interpretive method of research and recognizing the existing variety and plurality in basic approaches. This research also provides an interpretive meaning for critical thinking through proposing a framework of practical requirement for it.

The aim of this research was examining the effect of Bibliotherapy on increasing self-concept in teenage girl members of public libraries in Khorramabad city. The study was of semi-experimental type with pre-test, post-test and control group. The population of the study included all teenage girl members of public libraries in Khorramabad. All of the girls completed the Self-Concept Scale of Rogers. Among them 50 members who were one standard deviation below the mean were selected as the sample of the study. The sample was divided randomly into experimental and control groups. The Bibliotherapy was administered to the experimental group for 8 hours a week and this experiment lasted for 8 weeks. Control group was under no treatment and had no information about Bibliotherapy. After this 8 week period of treatment, a post-test was taken. Data was analyzed using SPSS20 software. The Findings indicated significant difference between experimental and control groups in their positive self-concept after biblotherapy. The results showed that Bibliotherapy had significant impact on increasing positive self–concept of teenage girls in experimental group.

This research which is based on theoretical and empirical arguments aims at showing that parental participation in the meetings of Parent-Teacher Association under the effect of some factors is at structure and agency level. This study was conducted in the form of a survey using semi-structured interviews with parents and professionals to understand more thoroughly the barriers to the participation of parents. The sample included 47 parents and 21 authorities and managers of the schools. The result revealed that survey methods, management of meetings, notice of meetings, atmosphere of meetings, maintaining the respect of the teachers, the person invited to the meetings, the number of meetings, parental attitudes and trust in parent-teacher association activities affect parent's participation. Also, the increasing sense of responsibility and willingness to help others, the need to participate in the community and reduce social disappointment among parents were effective on their participation. Finally, a survey was conducted to propose appropriate solutions with a population including active, passive and semi-active parents, managers and teachers. The survey was conducted on a sample of 240 people through multi-stage cluster approach in three levels in Mashhad, Dargaz, Nishabour, Kohsorkh and Tabadkan.