نشریه راهبرد توسعه
سال دهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 39، پاییز 1393)

Social capital is one of the main factors of economic growth and development. Furthermore, in the 20th century with the rise of knowledge-based economy knowledge, information and technology has become the engine of value-added. Nowadays without adequate levels of social capital, the formation of knowledge components and the process of creation, diffusion and use of knowledge will not happen. In this regard, in this study with a descriptive-analytical approach has tried to assert this hypothesis that social capital is a vital prerequisite in creation of knowledge components and formation of knowledge-based economy. The results indicate that the social capital by creation of scientific norms and scientific spirit in the community, increasing interaction, sharing information and knowledge, participation in R&D activities, create scientific and research social networks can lead to creation, distribution and use of knowledge. Also social capital by increasing human capital efficiency and knowledge market, increase intellectual property rights efficiency can make knowledge-based economy realistic.

Islamic life style based on simple living is a moderate way which rejects wastefulness, extravagance, miserliness and thriftiness and is protected by Islam. It is all human beings to consume God’s daily bread and pure and legit riches. However, to get drowned in luxuries and glamor of material life is an endless way which results in anxiety, fear, worry and so on. The main point in this analytic research is to study simple living culture from the viewpoint of religious learnings the result of which would be to realize Islamic life style in the society. The objective of the research is to identify different dimensions and elements of simple living culture related to Islamic life style creation. The article is based on library research and study; we have used resources such as Coran, Nahj al-Balaghah, Behar al-Anvar, Kafi’s principles and so on, where Koranic resources had been treated as the pivotal ones.

Although tourism has been a hot topic during recent decades and has developed in various disciplines, sociology of tourism has not much developed specifically; most of them have been in anthropology or cultural study. So some of most important dimensions of sociology of tourism directly and clearly have not been expressed in detail. This paper is result of a study by systematic review of English and Persian literature on the topic. In this paper mutual effects of tourism and culture, family and gender, carrier and leisure, purchasing and consumption, inequality, social mobility, politics and state.

Due to the lack of national development programs with adequate effectiveness of the approach in achieving balanced development, The transition from a centrally planned system to a decentralized planning system is inevitable. Research methodology is analytic-descriptive and based on documentary research and field work. In this survey, an example of how regional planning and analysis of the national economy possible, (about the Qom province) is discussed. In this study, using the theory of basic economy and location quotient, twenty of the seventy-two major economic activity in Qom province privileged and introduce as regional advantages. These activities include ten major comparative advantage and other ten Competing activities. Now activities that have desirable share and growth rate in province economy and could act as an engine of economic growth and will increase the production and export of Qom, are: construction, Political and religious, Manufacture of food products and beverages," Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c.". " Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment", " Manufacture of other transport equipment, Manufacture of rubber and plastics products and Finally governmental Higher education.Tanning and dressing of leather and Manufacture of textiles as The second and the eighth-exporting sector, with lower growth and declining rate than the province growth, declines the growth rate of province. Weaker regional advantages such as Farming of animals and Private treatment and hygiene Have smaller growth rate than GDP growth in province too, but due to large and considerable share in GDP of province, then push Retroflex force to GDP growth rate in qom province. In the end some strategies for developing production and investment in regional comparative advantages in Qom offered.

Expending as one of the redemptive teachings of Islam, away Playbook of settle gap in poverty, and the elimination of poverty from the society, And on the other Recipe instructions and self-purification in the evolution of the human spirit. Expending categories such valuable concepts is that the religious teachings, especially the Holy Quran, with special attention and to grant placed. This principle of worthwhile if were Observed and to practice it, There are Many functions in ethical and social, economic and cultural fields, and one of the instruments adjustment of wealth and reducing gap classes in society is. Holy Quran with various interpretations of man's believer and righteous to Expending and take care of affairs human of poor and destitute, recommend and ordering is. The hence purpose of present study is the philosophy of Expending in Islam. The research method is descriptive and analytical. Accordingly of all books, papers, theses, research and studies related to the subject is used. In this study, the importance of Expending, custom Expending Expending's purposes and principles of Islam, analyzed and leave the rest Expending and As a result, the consequences of leaving Expending and is investigated Effects Ethical, religious, social, economic, cultural Expending in Islam.Research results show that Expending is one of the important principles and of the policies necessary and economic useful is That in addition to contributing to the growth and excellence of the human being plays an important role in the prevention of Phenomena of accumulation of capital and the creation of stratum of Poor and Filling social gaps caused by poverty and As an active mechanism to dampen of wealth for the division of the members of society into two of the capitalist and the poor stratum prevent.

Nations conflict in commercial relationship in the world moves toward a new stage of through transactions and public partnership in economic activities. Current research is analytical-descriptive. This research analyzes commercial indexes and proportionate of import and export in 9 periods of 5 years [1966-2010] for Iran economy. Results show that except for two periods of first 5 years, Iran business capacity is low in international stage. Iran is considered as a low-income country with closed economy. Regarding Iran low exchange rate in industrial countries, in case of business freedom, we observe irrecoverable damages. Also concerning evaluation model results, the largest effect on domestic gross production is business variables; business volume, sanctions and war have been created. With regard to negative business balance and meaningful war virtual variables coefficient and sanctions, we conclude that Iran is not placed in a suitable status in terms of globalization indexes and economy coordination. Current research offers a solution for removing this problem through strengthening business contracts like Eco, Opec and Islamic development countries organization.

If travel is named tourism and we study it from an economic perspective, we will face with one of the most profitable industries in the international arena. Also subject of travel and tourism in Islamic culture and civilization has a strong link with the thought and beliefs of Muslims. With careful and detailed study of the Quran and hadith, we see that the foundation of the Islamic civilization has shaped by that travel and tourism. Therefore it is necessary to examine importance of tourism (religious tourism) in the range of Islamic culture and study the concepts, features, purposes and its effects. The aim of this paper is to show the importance of religious tourism in Iran, and the factors affecting it. And then according to done studies we try to express some strategies, In order to take advantage of the opportunities of religious tourism to increase revenues from Religious tourism industry In Iran As one of the best ways to get out of the monoculture oil economy. Results show that the tourism from the viewpoint of Islam, not only limited, but has been criticized leaving it. And according to the strategies provided the future of religious tourism in Iran can be evaluated positive.