نشریه راهبرد توسعه
سال دوازدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 47، پاییز 1395)

This study aims to explain the strategy of the curriculum in order to nurture entrepreneurial human resource professionals in zahedan higher education institutions from the perspective of entrepreneurship. This research method is survey. The overall result of this study shows that it is necessary for entrepreneurial professionals Educational goals in order to foster self-reliant learners and risky, with critical thinking and communication skills as well as growers, futures, management and leadership, variability and Is included total creativity Which is the essence of creativity and entrepreneurial, The interdisciplinary approach, transdisciplinary organization of educational content in order to be used as a complementary approach and orientation. Accordingly, it can be said, higher education centers are driven development in society and the main focus of the training of specialized human resources and training, too. Training human resourc is considered the original design and foundation Spotlight of the basic framework for planning the development of society and with special attention and principled to the elements of the higher education curriculum, learning can be developed efficiently and entrepreneur, Finally, many social problems to be solved.

Fifteen years ago, the world leaders gathered together at the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000. They agreed to try to achieve a set of within the time limits of fifteen years. In this regard, unfortunately human beings could made a significant success to Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger, Achieve Universal Primary Education, Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women, Reduce Child Mortality, Improve Maternal Health, Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other Diseases, Ensure Environmental Sustainability. This study tries to highlight the neglected possibilities to achieve development goals in the Islamic countries. The theory suggests that the development purposes consistent with human values and beliefs will be more effective to provoke the sense of human responsibility and action. Based on the teachings of the Quranand the Hadith a struggle has made to find effective guarantees for citizens to be committed and faithful to the development goals.

Analytical and comprehensive review of market efficiency resulted in four notions about it: 1- market efficiency is “necessary”; 2- it is “impossible”; 3- and “paradoxical”; 4- and finally it is not a verifiable or falsifiable hypothesis. Moreover battle between market efficiency and market anomalies will continue. Market efficiency has effect on optimum resource allocation in macroeconomic level. The prices in efficient market have role of directive signals to all market players. Therefore, it is necessary. But set of constraints make it impossible. Duality in approaches toward Arbitrage made market efficiency as a paradoxical issue. And finally testing market efficiency need a base model about market expectations like CAPM that result in unfalsifiability or irrefutability of market efficiency hypothesis.

Doing business including determining indices of countries economic status that global organizations, investors and producers based on pay the analysis of the economic situation. Improving the doing business in the countries to improve conditions for all economic actors have been useful activities to all sectors of their potential use to the situation. Doing business affected important factors which is one of the most important is political economy. Therefore, the present study examines the comparative political economy, doing business and private capital in D8 and G7 countries during the period 2007-2015. The results represent a significant gap in developing countries compared to developed countries in terms of the indicators of the doing business and economic policy. Based on the results, the countries that have been more successful in improving the political economy of the doing business better. In addition, due to the unfavorable doing business, most of the countries studied, including the Islamic Republic of Iran to encourage private capital had acceptable performance. Therefore, it is expected that politicians and decision -makers in the countries studied Pay attention to the components of political economy and the doing business.

After description of Culture quiddity and its several functions- with description of the Importance of culture in Ayatollah Khamenei's points of view- and detailed descriptions of different effects of culture in economic development of societies, and with emphasis on this point which the principle of necessity of attending to Resistive Economy in Islamic Republic of Iran, by insisting on Islamic principles and foundations and following up final aims, i.e. diffusion of justice and uninterrupted development of ethic and spirituality in Islamic society of Iran, hence it is necessary for these foundations and principals to be considered in extraction of the complex of activities in political, economic and cultural areas and the managing and realization of them finally should be underlie of realization of cultural aims of Islamic Republic of Iran. In extend with articulating necessary assumptions in cultural requirements extraction for Resistive Economy realization, we introduce its pivotal strategy in accepting the responsibility of all organizations and cultural, political, economic and social institutions in repairing the cultural effects and outcomes on their employees, consumers and public culture of society and with documentation to articles of approvals of cultural engineering map, the sightly activities has been described. It's clear that in this approach, the responsibility of direction, training and preparation of political, social and economic organizations for repairing their cultural organizations which alongside of preparation of public thought, helps acculturing movements of cultural organizations.

One of the major issues in the Iranian family's privacy is the impact of Western culture development on it. Development of Western culture has negative effects on various aspects of family privacy included communications, information and physical privacy, including the life and health and, in particular, cover. Development of Western culture, in the physical privacy, including coverage and location is not in accordance with the culture and customs of the community and Islamic and violates the privacy of the individual elderly but because no action, there is no possibility to protest the violation of privacy. On the other hand, technology development and expansion of mass media, in many cases with a violation of communications privacy and family information. Eavesdropping of electronic communications, tracking information related to the identity and the content of messages sent via the Internet, camera control with surveillance cameras in the home environment, the use of satellite receivers in the family, listening devices and… are causes of violates the privacy of the family. So we must accept that Western cultural development is not in accordance with Iranian-Islamic culture and Eliminate family privacy but cultural development with local culture is compliance with Iranian-Islamic culture and will not the risks to family privacy.

One of the main characteristics of moving toward economic development is that the set of economic activities of country can attract available saving sources in national economy to investment consumption. It is accepted that removing part of production means that it is necessary to exist saving and change it to manufacturing investments to protect available welfare level and obtain higher level of welfare. This study has aimed to investigate the effect of factors on national savings and consumption. Data were in form of annual time series data for 1975-2010. The effect of changing age structure of population on national savings and consumption is important in the study. Accordingly, population variables were included in the pattern and their coefficients were estimated by ordinary least squares (PLS). Results from the study showed that age structure of population affects the amount of saving and consumption of people. Increase in ration of people with 0-15 and 65 years old decreases amount of saving and increases the consumption. In contrast, increase in people with 25-64 years old increases national saving.

One of nowadays hot discussions in official society and Islamic council parliament sessions specially is presidential devolution to whole governor in economic developing. Basis opinion of this plan that yet is not determined and is not became approval form, certainly is merit of domestic determiners in every province for special optimized development decision the province that having knowledge and insight better than central determiners to self domestic requirements and include more dimensions in decision. Whatever is base in this article, presentation of quasi federalism model for whole development dimensions include any provinces of Iran. Federalism in first time is brought to mind negative effects such as secession and separation for one integrated whole but when that is used native and compatible from of cultural, believe and fundamental topics in Iran´s Islamic society, can predict positive effects and results for it. In any country, government has basic undertaking in development process. Pushing one huge lump in to development has displayed hard process always, but with secession and breaking whole to small elements that any element advance to development, will be suitable way for faster development movement and this is purpose that coming off quasi federalism model. The main question in this research is showing how using of provincial quasi federalism model in Iran cause faster development movement. Analytical results the research shows that this model divides country management in compatible from between provinces and helps faster development in Islamic Iran.

In spite of the initial definition of the development, institutional, planned and conscious effort to achieve progress in all fields such as the social and economic fields, but in practice, the main theme of development studies focused on the issue of economic growth with the aim of increasing the growth rate of GDP. In the mid-twentieth century, the experiences gained from practice Growth based theories indicate that national income has raised, but nearly all of poor communities did not have any interest of its benefits. Because of predicaments arising to poor communities, and the flood of criticism to the previous theories, many scholars of development economic forced to redefine development. In redefining the concept of development emphasized on economic growth, but economic growth was attached to slogans such as reducing inequality, redistribution and basic needs. Although, the issue of basic needs has been raised in development economic and effort of western thinkers, it seems this issue from the perspective of Islamic teachings and religious experts is essential. Studding these topics from the perspective of Muslim scholars and experts can be a step in understanding and analyzing this issue compared with the development economic theories. Because the concept of basic needs and its comparative study from the perspective of western and Islamic thinkers requires introduction of the concept of development and its evolution, So in this paper, at first, an overview of the concept of development and its evolution over the time is take placed And then the attitudes and views on the provision of basic needs that have been proposed in the literature of development economic be recognized. In the second section the definition of the development in Islamic viewpoints is briefly investigated and finally the concept of basic needs through concepts such as Faghr, Mahroum and Estezaf is investigated.

The first part of this paper presents Ibn Khaldun’s multidisciplinary and dynamic theory of development. This theory argues that the development or decline of an economy or society does not depend on any one factor, but rather on the interaction of moral, social, economic, political and historical factors over a long period of time. One of these factors acts as the trigger mechanism and, if the others respond in the same direction, development or decline gains momentum through a chain reaction until it becomes difficult to distinguish the cause from the effect. Part II of this paper applies this theory to Muslim countries to explain their low performance.