فصلنامه اعتیاد پژوهی
پیاپی 20 (زمستان 1390)

The purpose of the research was to determine relationship of coping sterategies, self-efficacy and sensation seeking with aptitude of substance use in the students. The population of the study included students of Islamic Azad University Ardabil Branch. The research sample consisted of 313 students who were studying in Islamic Azad University Ardabil Branch. To collect the data Coping Sterategies scale, Sensation Seeking scale, Self-Efficacy inventory and Substance Use Aptitude scale were used. Data was analyzed using of Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses. The result of Pearson correlation coefficients showed that self-efficacy, sensation seeking, emotin coping sterategies and problem solving coping sterategies related to aptitude substance use in students. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that self-efficacy, sensation seeking and coping sterategies explained 43 percent of variance of aptitude of substance use in students. The results indicated that self-efficacy, sensation seeking and coping sterategies are significant predictors in predicting of aptitude of substance use in adolescents. Clinicians can be used these results for prevention of substance abuse by training of effective coping strategies and promotion of self efficacy.

This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the relationship between motivational structure, mental health and attitude to opiate substances in a sample of North-Khorasan's university students. In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 400 participants (200 males and 200 females) were selected by stratified random sampling of three universities of north khorasan. All participants completed the SCL-90-R, Personal Concerns Inventory and Attitude to Opiate Substances questionnaire. The results revealed that there was a significant difference between participants with maladaptive motivational structure and adaptive motivational structure on GSI and subscales of SCL-90-R. In addition, the comparison of two groups showed that participants with maladaptive motivational structure had significant more positive attitude to opiate Substances than participants with adaptive motivational structure. There is a significant relationship between motivational structure, mental health and attitude to opiate substances.

The aim of present research was the prediction of addiction potential on the basis of aggression and assertiveness in Allameh Tabbatabaei girl students. The research method was correlational design and population of research was girl students of Allameh Tabatabaei university. By available sampling 150 girls were selected and Ahvaz Aggression Questionnaire, Gambril & Rigy Assertiveness questionnaire and Zargari Addiction Potential Questionnaire administered among selected sample. the results of the Pearson correlation showed that the relationship between aggression, assertiveness, and addiction potential was significant. Also, the results of multivariate regression analysis showed that aggression, assertiveness and depression can predict the Addiction Potential. Addiction potential can be predicted by aggression and assertiveness.

Narcotic Anonymous (NA), and related 12-steps program have predominant influence on drug abuse treatment programs. The aim of this study was to compare coping styles and hope among Narcotic Anonymous and Methadone Maintenance Treatment members. In this causal-comparative study, 100 male (50: NA, 50: MMT. Age: 20-40, minimal clean: 6 mounth), from Shahrood city completed coping styles scale, and hope scale. Results showed that Mean scores of Agency thinkig, Task-oriented copig style, and Avoidance-oriented coping style, in NA members was significantly high, from MMT members. Also, results of Discriminant Analisis showed that comparative differences between this samples were highlited in compound of variables. It seems that actively attendance in NA may enhances effective Coping style and hope.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management on relapse prevention in men who are substance dependent. In a experimental study, 30 individuals who settled in Esfahan therapeutic community center were accidently divided in to an experimental (15 subjects) and a control (15 subjects) group. The experimental group underwent ten 90 minutes sessions of cognitive-behavioral stress management and the control group didnt receive any particular treatment. All participants underwent urine tests at the beginning of the study, completion of treatment and three months following the completion of treatment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and X2 test. results showed significant difference in relapse rates of two groups in the following stage. Cognitive-behavioral stress management is effective in relapse prevention in men who are substance dependent.

The aim of present research was to compare the personality characteristics and coping styles of addicted adolescents with normal adolescent. In this ex post facto research, two groups (normal adolescent=50 and addicted adolescent=50) were selected via cluster sampling and convenience sampling respectively. Two instruments included of NEO-FFI personality questionnaire and coping style inventory were administered, then data were analyzed by using of multivariate analysis of variance. The result revealed that there was significant difference between both group in personality characteristics and coping styles. Neuroticism and emotional focused coping styles in addicted adolescent¬s were higher than normal counterparts, and on agreeableness, conscientiousness and problem solving style were lower than them. The finding of present study suggests that training of efficient problem solving styles to people in order to cope with life stressful events could restrain and prevent addiction and other psychosocial disorders.

Orexin neuropeptide has a role in opioid withdrawal behaviors. Orexin-expressing neurons that are present in the hypothalamic nuclei send dense projections to the Locus Coeruleus (LC). Withdrawal syndrome is temporally associated with hyperactivity of LC neurons. LC neurons do not show withdrawal-induced hyperactivity in brain slices from morphine-dependent rats. Thus, it has been suggested that the increase in LC neuronal activity seen in vivo is mediated by extrinsic factors. Therefore, this study was carried out to find whether LC microinjection of orexin-A can induce withdrawal behaviors. Adult male Wistar rats were used in this study. Intra-LC microinjection of orexin-A or orexin-A vehicle was performed one week after LC cannulation. Thereafter, somatic signs of withdrawal were evaluated during a period of 25 min. Orexin-A induced several signs of morphine withdrawal. It may be concluded that orexin at LC acts as an extrinsic factor in the expression of morphine withdrawal syndrome.