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Research in Medical Sciences - Volume:22 Issue: 8, 2017 Aug

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Volume:22 Issue: 8, 2017 Aug

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/06/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 11
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  • Vida Mohammadi, Fariborz Khorvash, Awat Feizi, Gholamreza Askari Page 1
    Background
    Stroke as a devastating condition is a major cause of death worldwide and accountable for long time disability with high personal and social cost in adults. Metabolic syndrome and obesity are well known risk factors of coronary artery disease, stroke, and mortality. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is an eight-carbon, sulfur-containing compound with antioxidant properties which reduces body weight, changes other anthropometric indices and regulate food intake by suppressing appetite and increasing metabolism This study was designed to evaluate the possible effects of ALA supplementation on anthropometric indices and dietary intake in patients with stroke.
    Methods
    In this randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, sixty-seven patients with stroke were randomly allocated to two groups (taking a 600 mg ALA supplement or placebo daily for 12 weeks). Weight, waist circumference, energy, carbohydrate, protein and fat intake were meatured and body mass index was calculated before and after intervention in this study. Dietary intake and statistical analyses were carried out using N4 and SPSS16 software, respectively.
    Results
    Primary features were similar in the intervention and placebo groups (p
    Conclusion
    Results of this trial indicated that 12 weeks supplementation with 600 mg alpha-lipoic acid has beneficial effects on anthropometric indices (weight, body mass index, waist circumference) and food intake (energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat) ) in patients with stroke.
    Keywords: Alpha-lipoic acid, weight, body mass index, food intake
  • Hourieh Shamshiri Milani, Parastoo Amiri, Maryam Mohseny, Alireza Abadi, Seyyed Mohammadreza Vaziri, Marjan Vejdani Page 2
    Objective
    Postpartum home care plays an important role in prevention of postpartum complications. Regular visits of mothers during this period are imperative. This study aimed to provide postpartum home care for mothers to assess its effects on mothers’ health in Iran.
    Methods
    This study was carried out in two phases. First, a comprehensive postpartum home care program was complied by performing a comparative study, using the available guidelines in this regard in different countries and based on the opinions of the experts. Next, a clinical trial was carried out on 276 women who gave birth in the university hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. There were 92 mothers in the intervention and 184 in the control group. The intervention group mothers were provided with postpartum home care service while the control group did not receive such a service.
    Results
    Outcome assessment at 60 days postpartum revealed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of use of supplements, birth control methods, postpartum depression, breast problems, constipation and fatigue (P0.05).
    Conclusion
    The postpartum home care program had a positive effect on the health status of mothers and their satisfaction. Thus, provision of this service is recommended.
    Keywords: Postpartum care, Home visit, Mother's health, Women's health, Postpartum depression
  • Masoud Akbarzadeh Laleh, Marzieh Naseri, Ali Akbar Poursadegh Zonouzi, Ahmad Poursadegh Zonouzi, Marjan Masoudi, Najmeh Ahangari, Leila Shams, Azim Nejatizadeh Page 3
    Background
    We aimed to determine the contribution of four DFNB loci and mutation analysis of gap junction beta?2 (GJB2) and GJB4 genes in autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) in South of Iran.
    Materials And Methods
    A total of 36 large ARNSHL pedigrees with at least two a?ected subjects were enrolled in the current study. Te GJB2 and GJB4 genes mutations were screened using direct sequencing method. Te GJB2 and GJB4 negative families were analyzed for the linkage to DFNB21, DFNB24, DFNB29, and DFNB42 loci by genotyping the corresponding STR markers using polymerase chain reaction?PAGE method.
    Results
    We found a homozygous nonsense mutation W77X and a homozygous missense mutation C169W in 5.55% of studied families in GJB2 and GJB4 genes, respectively. Five heterozygous mutations including V63G, A78T, and R127H in GJB2 gene, and R103C and R227W in GJB4 gene were detected. We identifed two novel variations V63G in GJB2 and R227W in GJB4. In silico analysis predicted that both novel variations are deleterious mutations. We did not unveil any linkage between DFNB21, DFNB24, DFNB29, and DFNB42 loci and ARNSHL among studied families.
    Conclusion
    Tis is the frst report of GJB2 and GJB4 mutations from Hormozgan population. According to the previous publications regarding GJB2 and GJB4 mutations, the distribution of the mutations is di?erent from other parts of Iran that should be considered in primary health?care programs. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the contribution of other loci in ARNSHL subjects in South of Iran.
    Keywords: Connexin 30.3, deafness, gap junction beta?2, linkage analysis
  • Amir Zargarzadeh, Sahar Ahamdi Page 4
    Background
    Conveying information to patients on how to use medications at the dispensing sessions and retention of this information by the patients is essential to the good pharmaceutical care. Te aim of our study was to examine the comprehensibility of the selected three potentially usable pictograms by five groups of subjects who had different levels of literacy in both before and after mini educational sessions.
    Materials And Methods
    Nine experienced pharmacists selected three potentially usable pictograms in Isfahan pharmacies: Pictograms D through F representing respectively: “do not take medication during pregnancy,” “keep medication in the refrigerator,” and “take medication with plenty of water.” Ten, raduate students of two major universities (Groups 1 and 2), low-literate nd illiterate individuals (Groups 3 and 4), and walk – in patients in the harmacies affiliated to the Isfahan School of Pharmacy (Group 5) were sked about the comprehensibility of these pictograms before and after mini-education sessions. Te American National Standard Institute and International Organization for Standardization standards were used for comparisons.
    Results
    In the pre-follow-up period, D and E pictograms were most understandable (87.4%, 87.2%). In the post-follow-up, E and D pictograms were understood most (98.0%, 95.3%), followed by F (92.9%). Among the improvements measured in post-follow-up, pictogram F showed the biggest improvement (P = 0.0).
    Conclusion
    Pictograms depicting the use of medications during pregnancy (D) and storing medication in the refrigerator (E) was easier to understand by our study population. Te groups with the high level of literacy interpreted the pictograms better than those with lower levels of literacy.
    Keywords: Comprehensibility, pharmacy, pictograms
  • Shatha Abdul Wadood Al-Shammaree, Banan Akram Abu-Alkaseem, Isam N. Salman Page 5
    Background
    Diagnosis of infection in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is not always simple. The analytic precision of procalcitonin (PCT) was evaluated to clarify the use of PCT for distinguish the presence of infection in DFU in comparison to other inflammatory markers.
    Materials And Methods
    This study comprised 88 subjects distributed into four groups: 16 nondiabetic healthy subjects (group control), 17 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without foot Complication (group DM), 25 patients with noninfected diabetic foot (group NIDF), and 30 patients with infected diabetic foot (group IDF). Fasting blood samples were taken for measurement of glucose, hemoglobin A1C, lipid profile, renal function, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood cell (WBC) and its derivatives. Plasma PCT was determined using an enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay.
    Results
    PCT, WBC, ESR, and neutrophils (NEU) were found significantly higher in IDF group than other groups. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that sensitivity, specificity, the best cutoff value, and the area under the curve were for ESR (100%, 93%, 31.5 mm/h, 1; P
    Conclusion
    The outcomes of this study recommend that PCT can be an asymptomatic marker in the diagnosis of infection in DFU with higher Wagner grades in combination with different inflammatory markers.
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, diabetic foot ulcer, inflammatory markers, procalcitonin
  • Milad Ebrahimi, Mahdieh Behnam, Nafseh Behranvand-Jazi, Ladan Yari, Sajad Sheikh-Kanlomilan, Mansoor Salehi, Pardis Tahmasebi, Mohaddeseh Amini, Mohaddeseh Behjati, Nafsehsadat Hosseini Page 6
    Background
    Mutations in the acid alpha?glucosidase (GAA) gene usually lead to reduced GAA activity. In this study, we analyzed the mutations of GAA and GAA enzyme activity from one sibling suspected Pompe disease and their frst?degree relatives.
    Materials And Methods
    In this cross?sectional study, GAA enzyme activity assay was assessed using tandem mass spectrometry. Polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing were performed for GAA analysis.
    Results
    GAA enzyme activity was signifcantly decreased in patients compared to the normal range (P = 0.02). Two individuals showed ten alterations in the GAA sequence, in which one of them (c. 1650del G) has not been previously described in the literature. A single Guanine deletion (del?G) was detected at codon 551 in exon 12.
    Conclusion
    According to the literature, the detected change is a novel mutation. We hypothesized that the discovered deletion in the GAA might lead to a reduced activity of the gene product.
    Keywords: Acid alpha?glucosidase, novel mutation, polymerase chain reaction, Pompe disease
  • Seyedeh Maryam Sharafi, Raheleh Rafei Sefddashti, Behnam Sanei, Morteza Yousefi, Hossein Yousof Darani Page 7
    Hydatid cyst is the larval stage of dog tape worm Echinococcus granulosus. Protoscolices are parasite larvae that develop into adult worms in the fnal host intestine. During surgical treatment of human hydatidsosis spillage of live protoscolices is the major cause of hydatidosis recurrence. To prevent this problem scolicidal agent such as hypertonic salt are used to kill the protoscolices that may disseminate into the patient’s tissues during surgery. However, they may have some unacceptable side e?ects. To fnd scolicidal agents with high efcacy, the e?ect of di?erent compounds on protoscolices of hydatid cyst in vitro has been reviewed. Using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and SID databases articles about scolicidal e?ects of di?erent agents on protoscolices of hydatid cyst in vitro were collected. Foeniculum vulgare after 5 min, metalonic extracts of Allium sativum and hypertonic saline after 10 min, and warm water after 2 min kill all alive protoscolices. Te above agents that in minimum time and minimum concentration have 100% scolicidal activity, could be good candidates for further investigations.
    Keywords: Hydatid cyst, protoscolices, scolicidal agents, surgery, surgery