نشریه سفینه
پیاپی 13 (زمستان 1385)

the author, in this essey, explains the verses of Quran about the intrinsic and innate nature of the man's knowledge about God, and by narrating the traditions of Ahle-Bait, and the words of the thinkers, shows that the knowledge about the Almighty God is innate and natural for human and other beings.Then the application and differences in application of the words "innate" and "nature" in lexicon and terminology are explained.The mankind has knowledge about God as an innate quality. He (she) may actually lose it du to carelessness and neglect. However, under the light of the educations and rememberance of the prophets and Imams, they will again, get it. Moreover in difficulties or happy exents he will find and observe the knowledge about God more than before.

In this research, the author has studied the exaggeration in the position of the holy Imams and worship them as (manifestation of) the Almighty God by some groups in the Shia communities.He has shown that such a belief is rooted in judism and christianity. It appeared in the Islamic community during the time of Abdullah Ibne Saba', and specially during the time of "Short Absence" of the 12th Imam. Then the reasons and causes of appearance and development of exaggeration and worship of the holy Imams are studied.The principal belief of the exaggerators such as the diety and / or prophethood of the Imam, the unlimited independent knowledge of the Imams, assimilation and deformation (change of a man in to an animal) of some mankind are discussed.At last, the clear viewpoints of the holy Imams of Shia, wich have been expressed in their traditions are given and the faith of "exaggeration" is proved as false and deviated.

the respected author, first provides 7 points about the values and characteristics of the verse Vilayat (5: 55) and then answers 10 questions about this subject. In addition to literal, logical, and Quranic discussions, he talks about the Shia and Sunni traditions, and views of some Shia and Sunni scholars and speakers.The main point of this article is to show that the verse of Vilayat was descended about Imam Ali (p.b.u.h), and the other justifications are not acceptable.

In this essay, the verse of "introduction" and "deliverence" is explained according to Shia and Sunni commentaries. Meantime, by relying on the traditions, relation with the divine leaderahip (Imamat) of Amirul-Momenin Ali (p.b.u.h), is announced, different aspects of its characteristics (time, and cause of descendence) are studied.Then, the author, has explained the relation between this verse and its previous and next verses, that talk about the people of Book, in the form of questions and answers.

There are two groups of traditons which talk about the cause of descend of the Quranic verse, "and from among the mankind there is a man who sells his life in order to obtain the God's approval and satisfaction; and God is Gentle with (His) servants". (2: 207)1. Very frequent and numerous traditions in the reliable Shia and Sunni collections of traditions attribute the cause of descend of this verse to the dignity and value of the act of Amirul- Momenin, when he slept in the bed of the holy Prophet, in order to prevent the murder plan of the Mecca disbelieving groups and tribes.2. Those traditions that attribute the descend of the said verse to other companions of the holy Prophet such as AbuZarr and Sohaib.The writer brings some of the traditions from both groups Then she attends the traditions of the second groups, and shows that the text and,documentation- quotation- of those tradition are false and changed.At last, she coucludes that those traditions have been fabricated by the disbelievers, in order to neglect and undervalue the qualities and preferences of the members of the holy family of the Prophet, especially the unique preferences of Amirul Momenin Ali (p.b.u.h)