نشریه سفینه
پیاپی 37 (زمستان 1391)

The book of Mesbah al-motehajjed is the first comprehensive and methodological book on compiling praying books of Shia. In this book the prayers of Ramedan have a significant place among all lunar month's prayers. In the present article 9 prayers of Ramadan prayers and their evaluation document-wise according to the mentioned book has been offered. among the prayers, the six prayers due to their weak narrators, or etc. Lacks strong authenticity. Though this weakness has been covered by the frequent narrations of them, the compatibility with Quran and traditions and the life style of the infallibles.

This hadith is one of the Motashabeh Hadiths which has been also narrated in the authentic sources of Sunnite like Sehhihin. But in Shia sources it has been narrated witout any Shia-document support. Of course there exists similar shia traditions to this tradition. These similar traditions are a great help to comprehend the meaning of this tradition better. According to the verses of holy Quran and teachings of the infallibles we can infer from this tradition that all affairs of the world which are under His Power should not be allocated to anyone else.

In the first half of second century the scientific and spiritual school of Zeidis in Kofa gew. Some important figures of this school took part in Sadeghin's lesson. But they doubted imamat's of infallibls, knowing their knowledge and wisdom learned and not in born. They knew imamat suitable for Saif group, too. Ahlul Bayt did their best to clarify their stance regarding this issue to Shias of Kofa, while keeping the prudency of Taghiyya preventing the negative aspects of that attitude to Shia.

The explanation of Shia teachings which are derived from Quran and Sunnah demands a prepared situation which can be formed by the influential historical factors such as politics, society, culture, and economy. A look at the impact of these influential factors made (on the way of offering Shia's religious view point and its clarification) in different eras of infallibles, without any change in their principles can be a proof of this impact. The present article through a comparative study of teachings of infallibles based on Ahlul bayt's traditions aims at declaring the impact of the mentioned factors. In this way while answering some questions of historical religious phenomenon, it also depicts the process of it before Ghiba as it has in teachings of Ahlul Bayt.

The household of the holy Prophet, based on his advice, alongside the holy Quran, is the best reference whom God appointed them to lead Muslims after the holy Prophet. Imam Hassan Askari is the eleventh imam who took the responsibility of leading Muslims. This article aims at picturing the political and social atmosphere of his time as significant factors in the content of traditions, and also the way of spreading the traditions. In the present article we also talk about the ways of narrating them, and the role of his companions in reserving and spreading the traditions, introducing the traditions schools which were welcomed in his time, and we will review the works related to this imam.

"Traditions encyclopedias" are comprehensive collections with different benefits which religious scholars working on traditions to subject-wise collect and classify traditions of infallibles to meet various growing needs are turning to them. These collections are in fact a kind of tradition works called " Jame' Hadith", dating back to the late 2nd century. The traditions collector were always interested in gathering infallible's traditions; sometimes they have done this on a specific subject. Therefore, these encyclopedias are sometimes called " comprehensive" and sometimes " partial". The tradition scholars regard different factors in reviewing these encyclopedias. In the present article, the encyclopedia of imam Mahdi has been reviewed according to those different factors.

The present article aims at reviewing the authenticity of the book "al-Ghiba" and its frequaltly narration Among Shia. It has been shown in this article that the very fundamental goals of Nomani in writing his book Al-Ghiba was to prove the credibility of the belief to the twelve imams and the absence of imam Mahdi in infallibles traditions. He used several factors to prove these two subjects such as the authenticity of the narrators of these traditions regarding these two topics, the frequent ways of narrating them, their credibility with regard to logical and Quranic reasons. Besides this, Nomani asserted that he chose those traditions which can be related to infallibles. The authenticity of the traditions of Al-Ghiba concerning these two subjects strike through the theory of the incredibility of infallibles or Imamiye's tradition's borrowing from Vaghefe in the subject of Ghiba.