نشریه سفینه
پیاپی 39 (تابستان 1392)

in the present study, some sayings of Imam Riza have been analyzed. These sayings include "Imamate is a position which should be appointed by God" and "people's conflict results from their ignorance rooted from human being's thoughts". God by appointing Imam in Ghadir provided people with a perfect religion. Imam's position necessities his obedience; and for this, Imam should be purified in each aspect; People, though, do not have enough ability to recognize a person who is fully purified (Masoom).The Imamate position of Abraham after his prophethood can show the higher rank of Imamate comparing to prophethood. Imam has the role of instructor in all affairs of people: spiritual issues or daily life of people. Imam is like a sun, the source of guidance and saving from darkness. Imam is the confide of God, the leader among people, inviter to God, purified, …. The most significant enemy of Imamate is jealousy and temptation of Satan which eventually could lead people to the hell.

following, the texts of the traditions, the documents, and the approaches of narrating Imam Riza's narrations in Sunnite source books – including 56 narrations, 20 in Salmi's traditions, 12 in Salabi's are the most and 1 in each of Al-Razis, Ibi Al-Sooods, A-Dorol Mansour's are the least tradition-mentioned interpretation books.

the issue of imam Reza's succeeding Mamoon can be reviewed from its negative aspects (aimed by Mamoon) and its positive aspects (aimed by Imam Riza). Holding scientific discussion sessions with the scientists, or the leaders of other Islamic sects were all planned to distract elite's attentions of the court to other issues rather than the policy of the ruling system. If Imam could win these discussion sessions, it was an honor for Mamoon, if not, it was a cross-out on the claim of Shia about Rizas(a.s.) Imamate. Imam Reza in the time of this time stabilized the foundation of Shia belief and in its discussion sessions he declared his scientific broad knowledge. He could be able to discuss any one by his language and according to their source books. The most important aim of Mamoon in his offer to Imam Reza about successorship was to pretend to be loyal to Shia beliefs and in fact to get advantages of Imam's name and fame to illegitimate his own governorship. Imam's reasons to accept this offer were to provide people and Shia scholars with a lot of benefits and opportunities. His Imamate has nothing to do with his uprising, as imam is imam, no matter he arises, or not.

About 2000 traditions have been gathered from Imam Riza which about 500 among them are about belief or about the unity of God. In these traditions Transcendence unity of God has been studied from different aspects: the first stage in knowing God is to overpass the level of Tatil and Tashbih. The Transcendence unity of God refers to knowing God One, His being Unique in all of his Attributes. In the present article, we are dealing with the following issues: the impossibility of describing God trough senses, the forbiddance of comparison, proving He is impossible to be compared, the boundaries of polytheism and blasphemy, the forbiddance of describing God other than things He describes, forbiddance of describing God other than things He Himself describes, …. In Imam Riza's sayings, Knowing God is from God's Act, and the reward to believing in the Unity of God is heaven. The meaning of thinking about God is in fact thinking in the power and greatness of God which is possible through contemplating on the greatness of His creatures which this thinking is equal to God's worship.

In the present article, the "Elm BilaMaloom" in the sayings of Imam Riza has been reviewed by the explanations of Mirza Mahdi Esfahani and Sheikh MojtabaGhazvini. Definitely, God is out of description; the description that people made regarding God is of two kinds:1. describing God as He has stated 2. God's description as people could understand. The most purified servants of God never describe God according to their own interests.Anyonewho is looking for describing God, is in fact ignorant to Him. Imam in his saying, prohibit people from describing God based on the criteria they use to describe themselves upon. Knowledge of human being is something separated from his/her essence. God's Will is separated from His Knowledge and Power.The Will of God to do something is the Realization of that thing, and God does not need to aim to do something. God is far from any limitation in His Power and Knowledge.

the unity of God is of the most fundamental issues regarding religious belief. Imam Riza introduced five principles about the Unity of God: In the Sunnite source books, about 56 narrations have been quoted from Imam Riza including Salmi's tradition 20 narrations, Thaalabi12 narrations, and tafsir of Al dorr Al Manthor, and tafsirAbi Al Sood one in each.

Abasgholi Sharif Razi, a 14th century scholar, in his " Risala Al-Mamoniya" talks about imam Riza's martyrdom. The author reviewed writings of some scholars like AbobakrKharazmi, Ghatifi, AbulfarajEsfehani, Sheikh Sadooq, Hasan bin Muhammad Nofeli, Abu Salt Heravi; he recognized Majlisi's narration the best one in this subject which says Imam has been poisoned by Mamoon. This Risala is a manuscript one which has not been published so far.

recognizing the entries and proper topics valuable to be studied is of the first steps to prepare a good research. The proper topics to be studied regarding Imam Rizacan be like this: his discussions, his sermons, his prayers and supplications, his life style, his recommendations, his social morality, his works, his life style, his Mosoe.

The author after an introduction on the necessity of more atte ntion to Shia literature counts imam Riza's literature a branch of it; he su ggests 27 topics in this regard such as Topology, literary science, Various languages and religions, history of literature, ziarat, political and social i mpacts.