فهرست مطالب

مجله تحقیقات نظام سلامت
سال دوازدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1395)

تاریخ انتشار: 1395/04/24
تعداد عناوین: 18

فارسی
English

انتخاب همه

Evaluation of the Efficiency of Magnetic Iron Oxide Absorbents in the Removal of Navy Blue CE-RN Textile Dyes from Aqueous Solutions

Aboozar Rezaei, Mohammad Kamranifar, Solmaz Zabihollaei, Hadei Rahimi, Hamidreza Pourzamani Page 44

Background
Textile wastewater is the most important pollutant of the environment. Navy Blue (NB) CE-RN is an important chemical dye widely used in the textile industry. The present study aimed to investigate the removal of NB textile dyes from aqueous solutions using magnetic iron oxide absorbents.
Methods
In this study, a sample of synthetic wastewater with NB concentration of 50 mg/l was used. The effect of different variables such as contact time, pH, and adsorbent dose was evaluated. Magnetic iron oxide absorbent was separated from the solution through centrifuging. Dye removal efficiency was evaluated by the color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of the solution. The size of the magnetic iron oxide absorbent was determined using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
Findings: NB removal was increased from 74% to 80.4% when the contact time was increased from 10 to 210 minutes. The effect of pH variation from acidic to alkaline was investigated and it was found that the highest removal rate was achieved at a pH of 6. With the increasing of absorbent dose from 1 to 4 g/l, the dye removal efficiency was increased from 73.14% to 93.71%. The COD removal of 78.38% occurred in absorption capacity of 11.8 mg/g.
Conclusion
The results of the present study showed that maximum absorption was achieved in 210 minutes, pH of 6, and dose of 4 g/l. The magnetic iron oxide absorbent used in this research can be accepted as a method through which a high removal rate of textile NB can be achieved.
Keywords: Magnetic absorbent, Dye removal, Aqueous solutions

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Physical Activity Status of Employees of Governmental Departments in Hamadan, Iran: An Application of the Transtheoretical Model

Jalal Abdi, Hassan Efthekhar, Mahmod Mahmodi, Davoud Shojaeizadeh, Roya Sadeghi Page 50

Background
Lack of physical activity is the fourth common cause of human death. Given the increased rate of sedentary life style among employees, the aim of this study was to evaluate physical activity status of governmental employees in changing stage based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) in Hamadan, Iran, in 2014.
Methods
This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 1200 government employees. The study subjects were selected using proportional stratified random sampling. Data collection was performed using a three-section questionnaire containing demographic characteristics, Short Questionnaire to Assess Health-Enhancing Physical Activity (SQUASH), and the five-part algorithm of Marcus et al. Data were analyzed using logistic and linear regression, chi-square, t-test, and ANOVA in SPSS software.
Findings: The mean age of the participants was 38.12 ± 8.04. About half of the employees were in the preparatory stage of TTM. Moreover, 49.2% and 50.8% of the subjects were classified as active and inactive, respectively. There was significant association between physical activity status and change stages of exercise. The associations between physical activity status and age, gender, work experience, education, and marital status were also significant (P
Conclusion
Since half of the employees were inactive and their physical activity status was not favorable, the results of this study can be utilized by health promotion planners to design and implement appropriate intervention strategies to improve the physical activity status of employees, specifically in the workplace.
Keywords: Physical activity, Transtheoretical model, Manpower

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Assesment of Sodium Benzoate Concentration in Doogh Distributed in Isfahan, Iran

Roya Alsadat Madani, Zahra Esfandiari, Mohammad Saraji Page 58

Background
Doogh is a fermented beverage in which microbial spoilage is possible. Benzoic acid and its salt (sodium benzoate) are added to Doogh as antimicrobial preservative to control microbial spoilage. However, the use of this preservative has been prohibited in milk and dairy products such as Food and Drug Administrationand Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine sodium benzoate concentration in Doogh distributed in Isfahan, Iran.
Methods
In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, the sodium benzoate concentration of 36 samples of 3 brands of Doogh (A, B, and C) distributed in Isfahan in 2015 were assessed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Collected data were analyzed using ANOVA in SPSS software. All P values of smaller than or equal to 0.05 were considered significant.
Findings: Results showed that the highest and lowest concentrations of sodium benzoate were found in brand C and A Doogh with amounts of 4.84 ± 0.55 and 4.03 ± 0.11 ppm, respectively. Sodium benzoate was detected in all Doogh samples. A significant difference was observed in sodium benzoate concentration between the 3 different dairy brands (P
Conclusion
The existence of low concentrations of sodium benzoate in all Doogh samples may be due to the natural occurrence of this compound in yoghurt and its transfer to Doogh. Furthermore, due to the great difference of the detected sodium benzoate in the current study with the permitted amount in Codex International Standard for Fermented Drinks (300 mg/kg), it the suggested to define the permitted level of sodium benzoate in Doogh based on
national nutritional pattern.
Keywords: Doogh, Sodium benzoate, High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Investigation of Serologic Prevalence of HIV and Hepatitis B Infections and its Relationship with Behavioral Risk Factors among Drug Addicts

Arezo Mohammadkhani, Ghiasvand, Shahnaz Golian, Tehrani, Shokoufeh Modanlu, Marjan Vejdani, Akbar Babaei, Heydarabadi, Leila Dehghankar Page 70

Background
The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B infections in drug addicts is one of the most important problems of human societies. This study was conducted in order to determine the serologic prevalence of hepatitis B and HIV infections and its relationship with behavioral risk factors in drug addicts in Zamzam Health Center, Southern Tehran, Iran.
Methods
This descriptive-analytical survey was conducted during 3 months (from January to March 2011) on 220 drug addicts under methadone maintenance treatment in Zamzam Health Center. The census sampling method was used in the present study. The serological prevalence of AIDS and hepatitis B was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. Demographic and behavioral characteristics of participants were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and through face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed using chi-square and t-test in SPSS software.
Findings: The prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B infections were respectively 1.8% and 4.1%. HIV and hepatitis B infections had a statistically significant relationship with drug injection (P
Conclusion
The prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B infections was high among drug addicts referred to Zamzam Health Center, especially among injecting drug users. Therefore, preventive interventions such as providing free consultation and training by professionals, distribution of free sterile syringes, precise and regular screening of blood transmitted diseases, and hepatitis B vaccination are recommended for drug addicts.
Keywords: HIV, Hepatitis B, Behavioral risk factors, Drug addicts

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Assessment of the Half Maximal Effective Concentration of Growth Inhibition for Heavy Metals on Bacteria Present in Sequencing Batch Reactors

Mohammad Reza Zare, Ali Fatehizadeh, Mohammad Mehdi Amin, Afshin Ebrahimi, Bijan Bina, Ayat Rahmani, Mohammadreza Erfani, Hamideh Ebrahimi, Mahnaz Heydari Page 77

Background
Among the chemical pollutants present in wastewater, heavy metals are persistent compounds the toxicity of which on biological wastewater processes, humans, and the environment has been proven in various studies. In this study, the half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of growth inhibition of cadmium, lead, and mercury was assessed on dominant bacterial species present in sequencing batch reactors (SBR).
Methods
Biomass sample was obtained from the biological unit of the SBR established in Moorchekhort Industrial Settlement, Isfahan, Iran. After cultivation and isolation of the dominant bacterial species, their DNA was sequenced through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and the bacteria species were determined. After exposure of these bacteria to different concentrations of mercury, cadmium, and lead, their EC50 was determined using resazurin bioassay.
Findings: Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Enterobacter were registered as the 4 dominant bacterial species in the SBR. A great difference was observed in the sensitivity of these 4 bacteria to the heavy metals. Pseudomonas was the most sensitive bacteria to cadmium and lead, while Aeromonas was the most sensitive specie to lead.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that Aeromonas and Pseudomonas are suitable bioindicators for toxicity assessment of wastewater and effluents contaminated with heavy metals.
Keywords: Inhibitory effective concentration, Sequencing batch reactor, Toxicity, Metals

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Comparison of Microbial Quality Assessment of Water Sources Using Multiple Tube Fermentation Technique and Enzymatic Assay

Maryam Hatamzadeh, Bibi Fatemeh Nabavi, Mahnaz Nikaien, Akbar Hassanzadeh Page 84

Background
Microbial monitoring of aquatic sources is essential in the correct management of these vital sources. Multiple tube fermentation (MTF) technique is currently used for assessment of the microbial quality of water sources. However, today enzymatic assay has been presented as an alternative approach for detecting indicator bacteria. The purpose of this study was to compare enzymatic assay with MTF technique in terms of the detection of total and fecal coliforms in potable and non-potable waters.
Methods
A total of 64 samples were collected from different water sources (potable, spring, well, and aqueduct water, and wastewater effluent). Detection of total and fecal (Escherichia coli) coliforms was performed using MTF method and enzymatic assay using LMX broth. The relationship between the parameters measured by the two methods was tested using the Pearson correlation. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of enzymatic assay were also evaluated.
Findings: Statistical analysis of results showed a high correlation between total and fecal coliform measurements by the two methods. Enzymatic assay had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 92, 95, and 94 percent, respectively.
Conclusion
Due to the advantages of enzymatic assay, such as its relatively high sensitivity, accuracy, and speed, and simultaneous detection of total coliforms and E. coli, enzymatic assay using LMX can be used as an alternative method to MTF.
Keywords: Enzymatic assay, Multiple tube fermentation (MTF), Microbial quality, Water sources, LMX

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
The Effect of Transtheoretical Model-Based Education on Promoting Physical Activity among Employees of Abumusa Island, Iran

Fatemeh Zare, Teamur Aghamolaei, Amin Ghanbarnejad, Kobra Hajializadeh, Hamzeh Zarei Page 90

Background
Promoting physical activity is one of the most effective strategies for reducing the risk of some chronic and non-communicable diseases. One of the theoretical approaches to the promotion of physical activity is the transtheoretical model. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of transtheoretical model-based education on promoting physical activity among employees of Abu Musa Island, Iran.
Methods
In this quasi-experimental study, employees were divided into intervention and control groups and assessed before, and 3 and 6 months after the educational intervention. Studied variables included demographic data, stages of change in physical activity, perceived benefits and barriers, and self-efficacy regarding physical activity. The transtheoretical model-based intervention included lectures, group discussions, poster, pamphlet, and video. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Findings: Before the educational intervention, intervention and control groups were not significantly different in terms of physical activity. In the intervention group, physical activity increased significantly 3 months after the intervention (P 0.05).
Conclusion
This study showed that transtheoretical model based-intervention can be effective on promoting physical activity 3 months after the intervention, but these changes may decrease with further passage of time. Hence, the use of this model for improvement of physical activity should be continuous until all individuals reach the maintenance stage.
Keywords: Educational intervention, Transtheoretical model, Physical activity, Employee

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian

علمی مصوب

مجله تحقیقات نظام سلامت

Journal of Health System Research

فصلنامه پزشکی

آخرین شماره | آرشیو

ISSN: 2783-4093 eISSN: 2322-5564

صاحب امتیاز:

دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان

مدیر مسئول:

دکتر حسین موحدیان عطار

سردبیر:

دکتر حسین شهنازی

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فهرست مطالب

مجله تحقیقات نظام سلامت سال دوازدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1395)

مجله تحقیقات نظام سلامت

Journal of Health System Research

مجله تحقیقات نظام سلامت
سال دوازدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1395)