مجله پژوهش در علوم توانبخشی
سال سوم شماره 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1386)

•Formant structure is one of the most important acoustic characteristics of Sounds.We can differentiate Vowels according to their first three Formants. Objective measurements of Vowel Formants are more valid than auditory perception in pathologic circumstances including children with hearing impairment. •In this analytical-descriptive and cross-sectional study we compared the Persian Vowel Formants between 64 Normal and hearing impaired students ranged from 15-18 years Old in Esfahan high school. •The mean of F1, F2, F2/F1 and F3/F1 of Persian vowels in all groups were significantly different (P

•Recent studies indicate that vacuum compression therapy (VCT) of the foot may offer benefits in patients with intermittent claudication through improving arterial and venous blood flow. Regarding this mechanism, we investigated the effectiveness of VCT in the treatment of diabetic leg and foot ulcers. In a clinical trial study, sixteen patients with diabetic foot ulcer received VCT plus routine management for 4 weeks and twelve controls received only routine treatments. The reduction in the size and depth of ulcer were compared between two groups after the study. The mean reduction of ulcer size after the study in VCT group was 1.26 1.37 cm², while in controls the size of ulcer was increased. 44. 89 cm² (P=.000). The depth of ulcer in VCT group was significantly decreased (4.0 1.5 mm) versus a slight increase (.3. 5 mm) in control group (P=. 000).•VCT can be used as an effective method in the treatment of diabetic leg and foot ulcers. Although it’s limits and contraindications should be kept in mind.

•The outcom of nerve repair in adult is often poor. We hypothesized that forearm would enhance the sensory outcome by increasing the cortical hand representation. •A prospective, randomized and double-blind study was designed. During 2 weeks a Topical anaesthetic ointment (Lidocaine-PTC, n = 6) or placebo (n=7) was applied repeatedly (twice a week) under occlusive bandage on the flexor aspect of injured forearm combined with sensory re-education for one hour. Regular Assessments of sensory function prior to the experiment and after the fourth application of Lidocaine-PTC /placebo and 4 weeks after the last Lidocaine-PTC /placebo session were performed.•After 6 weeks the lidocaine-ptc group had a significant improvement in touch and pressure perception in comparison with placebo group.In placebo group, no significant changes were seen. Two-point discrimination improved significantly only in the Lidocaine-PTC group (p=0.005). •The findings suggest that forearm differentiation of injured limb, in combination with sensory re-education, can enhance sensory reovery after nerve repair.

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Epidemiological studies have shown that low back pain after load-carrying is an important and costly disorder in muscolo-skeletal system. Lumbar curvature is an important factor in posture and body movement that may assist us to evaluate how low back pain problems may develop. Differences in lumbar inclination affect the vertebral stresses. The object of this study was evaluation of the affects of external load and trunk posture on lumbar curvature under static condition.•

Ten healthy female subjects with no history of low back pain were participated in this study. Two inclinometers were used to evaluate the lumbar inclination. Six static tasks while holding three levels of load (0, 6, 12 Kg) and two levels of trunk position (neutral and 30 degree of flexion) were simulated for subjects.•

Trunk position (30 degree of flexion) and external load (6, 12 Kg) both had significant effects on lumbar inclination and reduce lumbar lordosis (p < 0.05).•

Lumbar lordosis reduced while holding load, so muscles activity and may reduce tissue injuries reduced. Increased lumbar kyphosis shown resulted in trunk flexion is a lumbar supportive factor for compressive stresses

•Anterior knee pain syndrome is one of the most common problem in knee. Prevalence of this problem on orthopedic center is almost 23-31%. This syndrome happens in athletes, teenagers and specially in females.•Trauma, malalignment maltracking of patella and degenerative joint disease or a combination of mentioned disorders seems to be the main cause of the syndrome.•The perpose of this study was to identify and compare effects of infera- patella and cho-pat straps on knee strenghs and Rom.•30 patients with Ant pain synd. were evaluated and devided into two groups. Cho-pat strap applied to the first group and infrapottellar strap to the second. •Knee extension strength and ROM was evaluated in 3 stages. 1) Before applying the strap 2) Immediately after applying the strap 3) 2week after applying the strap. Dynamometer, goniometer and visual analague scale were used to measare the strengh, Rom and pain respectivly.• knee ext. strength increased significantly in the second and third stages of the test for both groups (P

•Speech is the most important communication tool and is the smooth product of four systems: respiratory, phonatory, resonatory, and articulatory. Currently, a variety of voice disorder occurred because of life style and environmental pollutants. Vocal nodule is one of the most prevalent disorders in this category. Considering the point that the air required for vocal cords vibration is supplied by respiratory system and we repeatedly confront with inappropriate respiratory factors in patients with vocal nodules, this study was carried out to compare respiratory factors in patients with vocal nodule and normal controls.•In this study, 14 patients with vocal nodule and 7 healthy subjects referred from a medical specialist were examined. Vital capacity, vital volume and tidal volume of patients and controls were measured by PCLX, LX-strobe and ST 1 dysphonia while making voice with high, normal and low frequencies. The data were analyzed using Fisher and Mann-Withny tests.•The results showed that there was significant difference between patients with vocal nodule and healthy controls on all measured factors. However, there was no relationship between family background and vocal nodule.•Patients with vocal nodule do not seem to have problem with the volume of their lungs. Probably high tension in their respiratory muscles during speaking causes them not to be able to use the full capacity of their lungs and this creates a short of tidal volume and as a result, a problem in their phonatory system, i.e., vocal nodule. Because of small sample size, we need to be cautious in generalizing the results.

•Corrective exercises are a branch of practical sciences for use of people especially in order to identify, educate, prevent and improve unhealthy habits of their movement. This study was done to assess the effectiveness of corrective exercises on female students of Esfahan University with lordosis (aged 19-22 years). •Subjects were 44 female nonathletic students that their age, height and weight average were 21.5+_1.68, 160.64+- 5.83, 55.42+-7.89 and suffered from increasing back curve. Based on examination on 300 persons and by using New York test, flexibility ruler tool (back curve estimate), Digital height and weight scale, meter (a mount estimate of femoral flexors shortness) and questionnaire (backache, satisfaction and mental health) Corrective exercises performed for experimental group for 8 weeks, 3 session per week and 60 minutes per session. In the beginning and ending of period pre-test and post-test was taken. Collected data was analyzed statistically by using (t) independent and dependent statistical method. All analyses were done in a significant

•According to high prevalence of non-communicable diseases, inactivity is the most important risk factor for them and health care providers advise people to take more physical activity in their lives. Nurses are at high risk of illnesses such as cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and psychologic disorders due to characteristic features of their job. The objective of the current study was to assess physical activity pattern among nurses who work at Esfahan social security hospitals.•In this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study we nurse from 3 hospitals of Esfahan social security organization. Data were collected by standard 7-days International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) which include 5 sections for work, transportation, home, leisure-time and sitting physical activities during one week that was detailed in minutes /week for each section. (Activities that last at least for 10 minutes)•The results of this study medicated that women performed more physical activity of home while men perfumed more at their leisure time. There was not a significant difference in time of work and Tran's portion physical activity between men and women.•According to the results of the current study, It is strongly recommended to nurses to modify their lifestyle and have more active life particularly in transportation and their free time

•Parkinson's disease is a progressive and degenerative disease of the basal ganglia of the brain. Four major signs of this disease are: bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity and postural instability. Postural instability is the main cause of falling in these patients.Despite the importance of the role of the exercise therapy in reducing the secondary signs of akinesia in these patients, there is not enough evidence to express the effects of these exercises. The current study carried out to reveal that.•In a Single -blinded, prospective and Quasi -experimental study 23 patients with Parkinson were chosen (age=67/43 ± 7/75, height=169/74±8/44, weight=65/61±7/85) and were arranged to do exercise therapy with Swissball with the full supervision of the physical therapist for 12 sessions (one hour in each every session three sessions per week).An evaluation was done before and after treatment and a follow up month later. To evaluate the balance of these patients Berg Balance Scale was used and beck depression questionnaire to assess the depression of these patients. The results were analysed by Spss software and paired t-test.•A meaningful difference in balance evaluation was achieved between before the treatment and after the treatment (P=0.00). A meaningful difference in balance evaluation was achieved between before the treatment and after one -month follow- up (P=0.00). There was No meaningful difference between after the treatment and after one-month follow-up (P=0.141).There was a meaningful difference in depression evaluation between before the treatment and after the treatment (P=0.00). There was a meaningful difference in depression evaluation between before the treatment and after one -month follow- up (P=0.00).There was No meaningful difference in depression evaluation between after the treatment and after one-month follow-up. (P=0.56)•With regard to the results of this study it might be concluded that Swissball exercises improve the balance and depression of patients with Parkinson in short term (one month).It must be notified that of Exercises does not continue depression and balance problems due to progressive nature of the disease.

•In this article different views on brain functions in bilingual aphasic patients are introduced according to the neurolinguistics and neuroscience studies, the author then explains the new techniques of brain imaging and researches performed on the aphasics and their different recovery patterns. Based on the observations and also the system of brain function it can be assumed that recovery of the language impairments regarding the brain self-organizing, can be influenced by the process of harmonizing comprehension and production with the brain and in a subtle view due to the recovery of impairments in decoding of languages