فصلنامه روانشناسی تحولی: روانشناسان ایرانی
پیاپی 5 (پاییز 1384)

everal constructs and measures of the processes of self–knowledge operate at different levels of integ- ration and abstractness to facilitate and modulate self–regulating processes. Emotional intelligence and Alexi- thymia, as two constructs of reductionistic self-know-ledge, contribute respectively to the existence and to the absence of emotional self-awareness. These two expe- riential and reflective components of self–knowledge provide a more holistic and integrative view of self-know-ledge than the emotional intelligence and Alexithymia con- structs do. Therefore, these two facets should positively correlate with all the dimensions of rational and expe- riential information processing systems. The data from Iran and the United States showed that these two facets of self-knowledge are positively associated with all compo- nents of the rational and experiential information process- ing systems. The Emotional intelligence and Alexithymia did not display such relationships. In both cultures, the two facets of self-knowledge also predicted some mea- sures of mental health that are beyond the information processing systems. These results point toward the inter- twined, dynamic, integrative, and temporal nature of self-knowledge processes and suggest a need for developing scales, which are more efficient in measuring these proces- ses and in studying the similarities and differences in self-knowledge among cultures.

alues, psychological structures that are internalized as a result of cultural, social, and personal experie- nces, have their own specific consequences. This research attempted to discover the structural and semantic relations of values among Iranian university students. 600 rando- mly selected university students, including 300 males and 300 females, from four schools of Islamic Azad Univer- sity South Branch, completed the Schwartz Value Survey (SVS). The Smallest Space Analysis (SSA) technique was applied to analyse the data about the structures and constellations of contents of values. Findings show that there is no sex differences in structural and semantic aspects of values, and the contents and structures of human values of Iranian youth widely overlap with the universal theoretical model of values, proposed by Schw- artz (1992). However, Iranian students’ type of achieve-ment values deviates from that of prototypical structure. The deviation can be explained in terms of such cultural characteristics of Iranians as adjustments of young adult to the political system, the ideological socialization in recent decades, and the influence of a two-hundred years period dispute between two conflicting forces, political reformism and traditionalism. The controversial findings of present research require further studies that apply other criteria to test the accuracy of the present explanations.

n order to study the relationship between religious orientation and mental health, 120 randomly selected Tehran University undergraduate students answered the Reli- gious Orientation Scale (ROS), and the Symptom Checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90-R). The Religious Orientation Scale mea- sured four dimensions of religiosity including: religious orien-tation, disorganized religious orientation, valuing religious orientation, and hedonistic religious orientation. The SCL-90-R measured nine symptoms, including somatization, obsession, sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoia, and psychosis. Data showed that the four religious dimensions decrease the symptsoms and improve the mental health.

n order to study the prevalence of burnout syndrome among primary-school teachers, a stratified sample of 675 teachers completed the Maslach's Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Job Description Inventory (JDI). Results suggest an existence of some levels of burnout among participants, and a relationship between burnout and gender, geographical location, and job satisfaction. The highest level of negative correlation between salary and oc- cupational burnout syndrome was attained.

n order for the scientists and the academia to be able to communicate the research findings in a scientific, reliable, and consistent way, and in order to avoid plagiarism, a number of scientific guides for writing are published throughout the world. Among them, the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, as one of the most commonly used guides, suggests a specific style for reference citations in texts and reference lists at the end of the texts. In this article the most common types of reference citations used in research articles are introduced. Finally we discuss the need for developing a guide for scientific style of writing in Farsi (i.e., Persian language).

این پژوهش با هدف رواسازی مقیاس کارآفرینی در سازمانهای دولتی شهر تهران به اجرا در آمد. نمونه ای با حجم 410 نفر از مدیران پنج وزارتخانه به روش نمونه برداری طبقه ای انتخاب و پرسشنامه هومن (1380) شامل 121 ماده با طیف لیکرت در مقیاس چهار درجه ای در مورد آنها اجرا شد. ضریب آلفای کرونباخ این پرسشنامه برابر با 986/0 بود و هفت ماده آن که دارای همبستگی پلی سریال ضعیف و غیرمعنادار با نمره کلی بودند، حذف شدند. پس از حذف این مواد و ماده 111 به علت فقدان بار عاملی معنادار، از مقیاس 113 ماده ای باقیمانده یک ضریب روایی 988/0 به دست آمد. تحلیل مؤلفه های اصلی با استفاده از چرخش واریماکس، هفت عامل را به دست داد: سخت کوشی، خطرپذیری، کانون مهارگری، سیالی، خلاقیت و نوآوری، انعطاف پذیری و تردید و تحمل ابهام