مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد
سال هجدهم شماره 5 (پیاپی 87، آذر و دی 1395)

Exhaustive exercise leads to muscle damage and reduces energy sources such as glucose. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of troxerutin supplementation on serum glucose level and lactate dehydrogenase activity after exhaustive swimming in male rats.
In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups including control, exercise 75 mg/kg, exercise 150 mg/kg and exercise 300 mg/kg troxerutin treatment. All animals performed swimming training for 30 days, 5 d/wk. Troxerutin was administered by oral gavage once daily for four weeks. On the 30 th day, the rats performed an exhaustive swimming exercise, and serum glucose level and lactate dehydrogenase activity were measured.
The results showed that troxerutin supplementation significantly increased serum glucose level compared to the control group (P The present study showed that troxerutin can significantly affect in reducing of muscle damage exhaustive swimming exercise-induced.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of eating disorders in recent years, especially in young girls, had increased and this can be considered as heterogeneous - multi factorial syndrome. The current study was aimed to investigate the relationship between dissociative experiences and alexithymia with eating attitudes in female students.
This is a correlational descriptive design and the statistical population included the girl students of Shahid Chamran University in educational year of 91-92, which 325 female undergraduate students were selected via multi-phase random clustering and completed the following rating scales; Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), Alexithymia Questionnaire (TAS-20), and Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-28). Data were analyzed was performed using the Pierson correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
Correlation between alexithymia and eating attitudes was significant (r=37.8, P=0.01), and there was a significant positive correlation between dissociative experiences and eating attitudes (r=37.8, P=0.01).
The results highlight a significant association between eating disorders symptoms, dissociative experiences and alexithymia, but the dissociative experiences are stronger predictor for eating disorders symptoms.

Acne vulgaris is a high prevalence skin disease in young people, and for this reason, there are many beliefs in the context of its causes and development. The aim of this study was to assess public opinion about the relationship between food and acne. It investigates the role of nutrition in the incidence of acne vulgaris.
This study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2015 at the health centers in Yazd city. The study population consisted of 400 patients admitted to these health centers in 2015. The required data was obtained by using a questionnaire about basic information and knowledge, attitudes and behavior about the relationship between acne and foods. The data obtained after editing and data management by SPSS software were analyzed using the t-test and ANOVA test and Chi square test.
Due to results of this study, among the factors that may be contributed to acne are such as high-fat foods, sweets, snacks, nuts and seeds, food, spices, carbonated drinks and high-fat milk and dairy products, respectively. Among people the preventing factors like, fruits and vegetables, use of face masks and drinking water and much liquids have the effect to prevent or improve the acne vulgaris (P According to the results of the current study, avoiding overusing of fatty foods, high glycemic foods, snacks, carbonated drinks, spices, fast food, causes improving public health or decreasing the acne vulgaris. Even if they do not improve acne, they affect on the public health.

Blood and its products have a special role in healthy system of any country. The aim of this study was to modeling the number of blood donor deferral and detecting its main factors based on zero-inflated count regression models.
The data used in this study were drawn from a longitudinal study in which 864 first-time donors were followed up for a maximum five years, from 2008 to 2013. The response variable was the number of blood donor deferral during five years. Also, sex, weight, age, marital status, education and job were used as independent variables. For analyzing data, two zero-inflated Poisson and zero-inflated negative binomial models were used by Bayesian technique. Assessment of models was carried done using Marko chain Monte Carlo methods (MCMC) by WinBUGS. Comparison of models was done using deviance information Bayesian criterion (DIC).
Based on the results of DIC, the zero-inflated negative binomial regression model had smaller DIC and was selected as better model. The body weight had a significant positive effect on the number of blood donor deferral.
Donors with higher body weight returned to donation more, so, their deferral number was higher. Therefore, training and informing can reduce their blood deferral numbers.

Multiple sclerosis considers as one of the most common neurological diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in biochemical parameters associated with kidney function, including urea, uric acid and creatinine in patients with multiple sclerosis while taking the drug and compared them with a control group.
Multiple sclerosis considered as one of the most common neurological diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in biochemical parameters associated with kidney function, including urea, uric acid and creatinine in patients with multiple sclerosis while taking the drug and compared them with a control group.
The mean serum urea level in case and control was 4.58, 14.38, 4.33 and 13.86 mg/dl, respectively. The mean of acid uric level in patients and control were respectively 0.99, 4.66 mg/dl and 1.06, 4.64 mg/dl. The mean of creatinine concentration in case and control was 0.10, 0.85 and 0.11, 0.78 mg/dl, respectively.
Present study indicated that no statistically significant difference observed in serum levels of urea, uric acid and creatinine, between case and control groups.

Endurance training has a potential ability to prevent breast cancer by strengthening the immune system and reducing inflammation, and can reduce cachexia which is effects of cancer in advanced stages. This study aims to investigate the effect of endurance training with moderate intensity on the serum levels of TNF-α and weight of the mice suffered from breast cancer.
24 female BALB/c mice were randomly allocated to 3 groups: negative control (Rest-Healthy); positive control (Rest-Tumor) and experimental (Exercise-Tumor) groups. The experimental group carried out the continuous endurance exercise 5 days per week for 12 weeks. Training intensity was begun from 15.4 meter per minutes in the first week and gradually raised up to 23.8 meters per minutes in the last week. 24 hours after the end of training program, the 4T1 cancer cell line was injected subcutaneously to mice in positive control and experimental groups. After tumor formation, TNF-α concentration was measured by ELISA. The weight of mice was measured regularly from the beginning to the end of the study after each two-week training period subsequently.
The Mean of TNF-α in the experimental group as compared to the positive control decreased significantly (P=0.030), but there was no significant difference between experimental and negative control groups. The mean of weight of rats in the experimental group was significantly lower than both positive and negative control groups during tumor formation and after two weeks was lower compared to positive control group.
It seems that participating in moderate-intensity training can play a role by decreasing the cytokine TNF-α and cachexia to prevent breast cancer.

The aim of this study, regarding the results of the previous researches and the effects of voluntary exercise on neurotrophic factors in treating PD, was to evaluate changes MANF level of rats` stratum exposed to neurotoxin injected by the stereotaxic surgery following the four weeks of treadmill running.
Twenty four rats were divided into four groups: Sham, Parkinson control, Parkinson exercise, and healthy control. Exercise group exercised for 4 weeks, 5 days per week and 2 15-minute sessions having at least 1 h interval. The purpose of injecting 6-OHDA into the brain striatum was to create an experimental model of PD. Three weeks after the injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), Apo morphine rotational test was carried out in order to verify the rats with Parkinson latest. MANF levels in the striatum were measured by ELISA. Data was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post-hoc test.
The findings showed that there is a significant difference in the striatum MANF level of Parkinson control group (26.91±9 pg/mg) compared to the healthy control group (45.22±2 pg/mg) (P≤0.05). Furthermore, the striatum MANF level in Parkinson exercise group (29.35±2 pg/mg) had an increase in comparison with the Parkinson control group (26.91±9 pg/mg), but the difference was not significant (P=0.997).
This research has shown that performing treadmill running program cannot increase the MANF level of striatum. Therefore, we cannot decisively consider a neural protective role for this training protocol and it necessitates further studies.

Studies have shown that a HOXB13:IL17BR expression ratio index predicts clinical outcome in ER-positive, lymph node-negative breast cancer patients that treated with adjuvant tamoxifen. All of these experiments were conducted with qReal Time RT-PCR using TaqMan probes. The aim of this study was to determine the ratio using SYBR Green I qReal Time RT-PCR.
In this case- control study, expression levels of HOXB13:IL17BR was measured in 40 paired formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary breast tumor specimens. After extracting RNA from the tissues, cDNA synthesis and amplification with the polymerase chain reaction to obtain the optimum annealing temperature, the expression levels was measured by SYBR Green I qReal Time RT-PCR. To determine and normalize the expression levels, BestKeeper software was used to obtain the BestKeeper Index using the geometric mean of expression levels of housekeeping genes. Comparison of mean expression of genes between tumoral and non-tumoral tissues was performed by t-test and association between patient grouping (high/low risk) and time for disease free survival was assessed by Fisher`s Exact test.
HOXB13:IL17BR expression value did not show significant difference between tumoral and non-tumoral tissues. The results showed that there was a direct and significant association between patient grouping (based on HOXB13:IL17BR ratio) and disease free survival status.
Results in the current study showed that in spite of using SYBR Green dye (instead of TaqMan probes), there is still a significant correlation between HOXB13:IL17BR ratio and disease free survival status.

Escherichia coli is a major cause of urinary tract infections and belongs to E.coli groups of gastrointestinal outside. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) appears different virulence factors. These factors create colonization, invasion and the subsequent decline in immune response of the host. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of virulence genes fimH, papAH, papEF, kpsMT and ibeA in Escherichia coli isolates from children with urinary tract infection and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility.
A total of 60 isolates of E.coli from urine samples were taken. The isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests and bacteriology. The verified isolates were studied to determine the genes papA, fimH, kpsMT, papEF and ibeA by using Multiplex- PCR methods. The antibiotic sensitivity test of isolates against 9 antimicrobial agents was taken.
The fimH virulence gene has the highest rate (75%). Other genes were identified including kpsMT, papEF and papAH, respectively in 21.6%, 11.6% and 10% of isolates. The most resistance was reported to antibiotics penicillin and ampicillin, respectively 96.3% and 87.2% frequency and the highest sensitivity to antibiotics amoxicillin clavulanicacid with 94.6% frequencies.
The results showed that the gene fimH has the most frequent among Escherichia coli strains isolated from UTI in children, and is an important factor in virulence of the bacteria.

Bacillus spp. are sources of antifungal metabolites with the potential use of preventing fungal infection. This study was aimed to identify and isolate inhibitory bacterium against pathogenic fungi in Isfahan using molecular method.
In this cross-section descriptive, 150 samples (soil, air, and surface) from different parts of Isfahan were prepared and investigated the effect of inhibitory bacteria grown on nutrient agar medium on the growth of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Mucor hiemali. Qualitative investigation of fungal growth inhibition was done by inoculation methods, and quantitative evaluation was conducted using linear culturing in distance of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 cm of fungal suspension (104 spore/µl) from the center of plates (bacterial inoculation, 0.5 Macfarland). Samples were incubated in 30 ͦC for 96 hours and identification of the inhibitory bacterium was done according to biochemical tests and molecular method of colony-PCR.
The effect of inhibitory bacteria against Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Mucor hiemali was from 0.5 to 3 cm. According to biochemical tests and colony-PCR, the bacterium with the most inhibitory effect was Bacillus atrophaeus strain HNSQJYH170.
Bacillus atrophaeus strain HNSQJYH170 is endemic in Isfahan and can be used in antibiotic production and biological control.

Contaminants are a disturbing factor for ecosystems, among which “heavy metals” are considered as significant due to their physiological effects at low concentrations on organisms. This contamination is concentrated several times more in the products that are available in markets as oil than in natural plant, and in each consumption time, a considerable amount, higher than authorized amount of heavy metals may enter into consumer’s body. This study was designed and conducted for this aim to investigate the contamination rate with lead and cadmium in canola (Brassica napus) and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in the farms around Isfahan Steel factory and to compare this contamination with oil extracted from them.
The present study was conducted in 2012. The samples were randomly selected from oil seeds of B. napus and C. tinctorius L. in the farms within a 20 to 50 km distance from Isfahan Steel factory. Samples were assigned to two groups and only group 1 underwent washing operation with deionized water. The amount of lead and cadmium in seeds and their oil was measured by atomic absorption. Data were analyzed by SPSS.
The results indicated that the lowest lead concentration was 0.00 µg.g in washed B. napus samples and the highest lead concentration was 24.74 µg.g in C. tinctorius L. oil extracted by traditional method. The amount of lead was less in washed seeds than unwashed seeds, with a significant difference for B. napus seeds (P A rate of contamination with lead was seen in the plants cultivated near Isfahan Steel factory, but no contamination with cadmium was seen. In view of the lead amount being less in the group washed with deionized water than the unwashed group, it is recommended to do washing steps of oil seeds in the factory at low volume, with clean water, and carefully prior to oil tapping.

Conservative rehabilitation methods are assumed as a fundamental part of treatment in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study was aimed to investigate the influence of Kinesio Taping® (KT®) and low level laser therapy (LT) on pain intensity, function, and knee joint position sense (JPS) in such patients.
In this quasi-experimental study, 26 male patients (Mean ± SD of age: 48.5 ± 4.6 years) with unilateral knee OA were randomly divided into two groups of KT® (N=13) and LT (N=13). Both groups followed their own specific therapeutic protocol in addition to routine physiotherapy program for 10 sessions. The outcome measurements included pain intensity, function, and knee JPS; which were evaluated using visual analogue scale, Up and Go test, and reproduction of target angle at baseline and after completing the interventions; respectively.
Both methods can significantly improve pain intensity, reduce the time to perform Up and Go test, and reduce the angle reproduction error of 60º knee flexion (P0.05).
KT® and low level laser can improve pain, knee JPS, and function in patients suffered from knee OA. However, the effect of KT® on knee JPS is more than laser therapy.

Balance for postural control which is a necessary ability to preserve daily functions has been evaluated widely for normal population and different groups. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of manipulating visual, auditory and proprioceptive sensory information on the balance in healthy subjects and lower limb amputees.
In this quasi-empirical, 20 lower limb amputees and 20 healthy subjects participated and assigned into 2 groups. To assess postural control and balance, Computerized Dynamic Posturography was used. Using sensory organization test, balance was measured in 6 conditions (first: existence of sight, hearing and proprioception; second: Elimination of sight; third: Manipulation of vestibular system; fourth: Manipulation of proprioception; fifth: Elimination of sight and manipulation of proprioception and sixth: Manipulation of vestibular system and proprioception). Sensory organization test detected the balance score according to 2 variables of stability and displacement of the center of gravity.
The findings showed that the stability score in healthy and amputees group in the first situation that there is each 3 senses: Visual, auditory and proprioceptive sensory is more than other situations. Stability score in the sixth situation of the 3 senses that are manipulated and removed was less than other situation. The average of stability score in healthy people was higher than low limb amputees group in the all 6 situations. Also, the average of displacement of the center of gravity in limb amputees subjects in the first condition that had 3 senses, visual, deep, and hearing was less than other situations. The average of displacement of the center of gravity in healthy subjects was higher group had a better balance in all the 6 conditions with lower limb amputees.
The results showed that healthy subjects group had a better balance in all the 6 conditions than amputees.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and is caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels in the body that plays a critical role in tumor growth and metastasis. In this study, it was aimed to examine 2 Gene Polymorphism of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and susceptibility to colorectal cancer in Iranian patients.
In this case-control study, 280 patients with colon adenocarcinoma selected of the pathology centers in Tehran (Sina and Taleghani) hospital as cases and 372 healthy subjects as controls were selected from the same centers. Control subjects were matched according to sex and age. Patients with positive family history of cancer were excluded. Data collected included age, sex, tumor location, stage of disease and cancer tissue. In this study, it was used Real time PCR techniques to genotype rs833061 and rs2010963 polymorphisms.
Colorectal cancer in men was more than women (62.7%). Age of most people was under 60 years. Most tumors were located in the colon (69. From the point of tumor tissue differentiation, most of them were placed in the moderate level (54.8%) and pathology stage most of them were in stage III (72.5%). In the current study, between the two groups in terms of susceptibility to colorectal cancer, it was a significant relationship based on onset age T/C genotype of rs833061 polymorphism with age The results of this study show that people who have been named genotype are more sensitive than others to the risk of colorectal cancer, and also due to the increasing prevalence of colorectal cancer diseases in the worldwide and possibility of prevention, it can be used this genotype as molecular markers for early detection of the disease.

Hypogonadism is one of the most common endocrine complications in patients with thalassemia major. A simple review of studies show different hypogonadism prevalence and has been reported between 31.3-88% in Iranian patients with thalassemia major. So, this meta-analysis study was conducted to determine the hypogonadism prevalence in Iranian patients with thalassemia major.
This study was conducted based on PRISMA checklist for systematic review and meta-analysis studies. A comprehensive search by two researchers was conducted according to MESH keywords in databases such as Magiran, Iranmedex, SID, Medlib, IranDoc, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, Embase, Springer, Online Library Wiley and also search engine Google Scholar. Then, all articles were examined without any time limited until October 2015. Data were analyzed using random effects model and Stata ver. 11.1 software.
Sixteen studies involving 2938 patients with average age of 17.34 were identified to analyze in the meta-analysis. Hypogonadism prevalence in patients with thalassemia major in Iran has been estimated 42.3% (CI 95%: 30.7-53.8). Minimum and maximum prevalence in Iran were related to the center (41%) and east (45%), respectively. Hypogonadism prevalence in male and female patients was 49% and 45.2%, respectively. There was no significant relationship between hypogonadism prevalence and year of the study and sample size.
The prevalence of hypogonadism in Iranian patients with thalassemia major is high and it is needed to perform a continuous and regular plan and follow up for these patients.