نشریه میراث و گردشگری
پیاپی 6 (تابستان 1396)

Tourism, after the automotive industry, petroleum and chemical products, is the fourth largest global manufacturing and manufacturing industry. Unlike its rivals, the company is classified as a "service." Countries are involved in creating or introducing tourist attractions and attracting tourism to agents. It depends on many. Iran, according to the UNESCO World Statistics Organization, is among the top ten countries in terms of tourism assets. However, the share of our country in attracting tourists and the resulting revenues has a significant difference with the potential of this area, which has many obstacles and challenges. This paper states that one of the main obstacles and threats to tourism in Iran is the representation of Iran's image in the minds and perception of tourists from Iran as a tourist destination due to the structural conflicts of Iran's foreign policy with the hegemony world. Therefore, the need for reform and reconstruction this image is constructed using available tools, a precondition for facilitating the attraction of tourists in our country, especially the Persian Gulf. This paper tries to validate the proposed idea by using the documentary and librarian method and discourse-perception approach.

Tourism industry is one of the greatest and high-yielding economic activities with the highest added value. It affects directly and indirectly other social, economic and cultural activities. Developments of urbanization and life style in the modern times have made tourism planning and management an inevitable requirement. Tehran as one of the greatest cities in the country, region and in the world possesses various international tourism capacities; however, despite the large number of travels in the city, these capacities have remained unused. There is a mutual relationship between tourism development and establishment of infrastructures: tourism development in cities causes improvement of the infrastructures, and infrastructural developments improve urban tourism. The latter is able to change geographical bases of a tourism region and provide it with cultural, social, economic and spatial growth and development. Since, one of the most crucial problems of the tourism decision makers is accommodation, and since Tehran metropolitan is the first destination of foreign tourists and as the country's capital is the center for holding cultural and political events, this paper has considered Tehran’s accommodation centers situation, using an analytical-descriptive method. Instrument of the research consists of documentary and library studies. A comparative study was briefly conducted to compare tourism industry in Tehran and Istanbul. In addition, effective factors and criteria for tourism development planning were assessed. This paper would present some considerations, concerning the tourism requirements, with an emphasis on the current situation of the tourism infrastructures and specifically accommodation. The results of the study reveal that adopting appropriate policies for distribution of tourism facilities in different tourism centers may improve tourism industry in the country.

One of the main problems for Muslims tourism is the culture of many countries of the world not consistent with Islamic religious rules. Despite encouraging Islam to travel, Muslims in many journeys are limited. In this regard Halal tourism is one of the tourists who just over hyped. For this reason some countries besides the variety of opportunities that are provided for domestic tourism, have provided possibilities for Muslim tourists. The aim of this study has been investigating this issue that is Iran a good place to develop this type of tourism or not? This is a qualitative study and it has been done descriptive and analytical method. To collect research information, the library and the survey method has been used. The survey was the number of experts’ tourism. The results showed that experts have different understandings about the issue of halal tourism in Iran. Proponents believe that halal tourism plan, Iran could become a global halal hub for Islamic tourism and since Iran is an Islamic country approaches better than any other country can provide the conditions for Muslim tourists. On the other, the opposing views halal tourism plan, this style of tourism to Iran, unnecessary and wrong. So halal tourism don’t be logical and applicable to Iran, where the principles of naturally respected solvent.

The situation and the economic situation of our country are such that it is necessary to find a solution to the challenges and challenges faced by workaholic unemployment, poverty and immigration by reviewing existing capabilities and capabilities, and the development of tourism and entrepreneurship are among the opportunities. Which, if properly understood and actualized, can be effective in addressing many of the problems mentioned. Unfortunately, however, it has not yet been scientifically understood to cover a wide range of important issues of entrepreneurship in tourism and the development of the tourism industry. As a result, these two issues of tourism and entrepreneurship have progressed in different ways. Therefore, the present study aims to explain the position of advertising in the promotion of tourism, and the main question is whether advertising plays a role in the development of the tourism industry and how much it can affect entrepreneurship development. The research method is descriptive survey. The statistical population of this study was 100 foreign travelers of 5 star hotels in Mashhad. For analyzing the research data, descriptive statistics were used in SPSS software to determine the relationship and answer the questions. The results show that the effect of advertising on attracting tourists is low in terms of passengers, and also there is a significant relationship between the characteristics of the ground (age, sex, marriage, nationality, religion, occupation and income) with the type of use of the communication device. There is a significant relationship between the land characteristics and the type of visitation of tourism sites.

One of the Iran Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization’s (ICHTO) goal is determination of boundaries of historical and ancient monuments and their specific architectural design and interior design. Changes in the historical and ancient monuments must be monitored and explored. Thus their surrounding landuses must be determined to protect this legacies. So having updated information from existing land uses is essential for the proper management of the natural arenas. One of the basics of natural resource management is information on land use changes. Therefore, the need to detect, monitor and anticipate such changes is of great importance. To explore these changes, the use of multi-sensory remote sensing and Geospatial Information Systems (GIS) can provide valuable analytics. In this research, aerial photos of 3 period of 1973, 1982 and 1998 and satellite imagery of 2005, 2010 and 2017 were used for Zanjan city. The results of the survey revealed that there is a clear change in the core of the city and around the historical monuments recorded during these years.Ultimately, all of these changes and construction have led to the expansion of the city and it should be noted that in view of the issue of sustainable development, Zanjan city has taken great steps during this 44 years to achieve this goal. Of course, in order to achieve the desired situation of the cultural heritage and in view of the objectives of the Cultural Heritage Organization, preserving the historical buildings is an important task. Awareness and attention to the nature and extent of the process of these changes can be important and decisive for officials and practitioners of the historical and cultural heritage of Zanjan, as well as nationally. It should also be noted that the advantage of using new science and technology and the ability of remote sensing science and GIS for authorities is to enable them to take advantage of these goals.

Present study is conducted to investigate and examine the impact of ethics in tourism field on sustainable development aspects by emphasis on the orientation of Iranian airlines. This is a survey-type study in which the population consists of all customers of five Iranian airlines (Iran Air, Asseman Airline, Mahan Airline, Qeshm Air and Kish Air) while its sample size (n = 386) is selected randomly by Cochran unlimited population formulation. Data collection is conducted by questionnaire and the questionnaires were distributed among customers. Likewise, SPSS software package is used for data analysis. Utilized statistical methods in present study include Kolmogorov – Smirnov test to determine the normality of samples as well as regression test to study the impact of independent variable on depended ones. The findings indicate that all research independent variables (e. g. ethics in tourism) have positive and significant impacts on sustainable development aspects (e. g. economic, social, cultural and environmental sustainability). Such findings and results can be used and utilized as a guide for policy making toward future programs and plans of sustainable tourism development.

Ecotourism is one of the many types of tourism which is nowadays a growing part of travel On the other hand, marketing has become essential in all service areas, including tourism The better development of this sector requires the proper understanding of the processes and mechanisms involved in the marketing of ecotourism destinations.
The present study is a descriptive-survey method and for data collection, they have been used the secondary and primary information sources.The statistical population of this research is a random sample of 100 domestic tourists who have selected Kordkuy and Gonbad Kavous cities as ecotourism destinations.Based on this, a questionnaire has been designed based on the personal and behavioral features as well as the elements of marketing of ecotourism tourism. Then, using Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, the one sample and two sample T, and Friedman were analyzed as the elements of mix marketing of ecotourism tourism. Generally speaking, the results of Friedman test based on the priority of "P9" indicate that there is a weakness in the elements of advertising, participation, planning, and place.

The phenomenological movement is one of the most important philosophical movements of the twentieth century, which arose as a result of a growing disillusionment with scientific philosophies (Shariati Mazinani, 1394). Globalization of health care has led to the formation of a new type of tourism called Health Tourism (Nemati et al., 1395). Given the fact that the city of Hamedan in the western part of the country is fast growing in terms of health care, it is prone to becoming a city attracting health tourism. This study is a qualitative descriptive study of the phenomenological type in the broader way. The research environment in this study was the Heart Hospital of Hamedan, in which 9 patients were interviewed for information saturation. The findings from the interview with the participants were the result of an attempt to explain and interpret patients' experiences of the health tourism phenomenon in order to gain a deep insight into this phenomenon. The results of the study provide a profound understanding of the cause of patients' travel, how they feel, the challenges in the strange city and how they treat them, and states that attention to the host community in the tourist environments and their satisfaction and satisfaction with these activities Health tourism development is effective.