نشریه مدیریت راهبردی در سیستم های صنعتی
پیاپی 25 (پاییز 1392)

Traditionally, suppliers evaluation and selection models based on basic data put less emphasis on ordinal data; however, with the extensive use of production philosophies, such as Just In Time (JIT) production, further emphasis is put on considering cardinal and ordinal data simultaneously through the supplier selection process. Application of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for the issues concerning the evaluation and selection of supplier is based on complete flexibility of weights. Yet, the problem is permissibility of complete flexibility of their weights, as the weight values obtained through the solving unrestricted DEA program are often contrary to the earlier viewpoints or the additional information. The present paper aims to propose interval DEA models with assurance region for evaluation and selection of the best supplier in the presence of weight restrictions and imprecise data. It proposes a new approach based on “DEA with efficient and inefficient frontiers” for evaluation and selection of the best supplier in the presence of weight restrictions and imprecise data. In this approach, optimistic and pessimistic efficiencies are considered simultaneously for each supplier. When the assurance region constraints are added to the interval DEA optimistic models, scores of calculated efficiency interval become worse and a supplier previously determined as the optimistic efficient supplier may be recognized as optimistic non-efficient. When the assurance region constraints are added to the interval DEA pessimistic models, scores of calculated efficiency interval are improved and a supplier previously recognized as a pessimistic inefficient supplier may be recognized as pessimistic non-inefficient. Comparing traditional DEA, DEA approach with efficient and inefficient frontiers may recognize the best supplier correctly and conveniently. A numerical example shows the application of the proposed approach.

Data envelopment analysis is the tool for computation in decision making units such as supply chain. Since the model of two-stage data envelopment analysis has more focused on supply chain processes in two levels; the evaluation in higher levels has been essential to obtain more accurate efficiency. This paper extends Wang & Chin (2010) model into three levels for evaluation the supply chain to show the importance of integration in the overall supply chain. The model is considered the extended two-stage DEA model of Koa and Hwang(2008) to variable returns to scale (VRS) assumption and the additive efficiency decomposition model of Chen (2009) generalized to taking into account the relative importance weights of two individual stages. The presented model is executed in numerical illustration and the results are analyzed in tables.

Nowadays, due to the increasing rate of competing in global markets, reducing the cycle time of products and accelerating rate and variety in customer needs, the organizations should improve their performance to the world class level. These factors confront the organizations to some challenges like intra and extra organizational transactions, the necessity of continuous evaluations and the huge volume of information. So, it is a must to introduce and use some tools to overcome the above obstacles in reaching the main factors and standards of world class performance Office automation as one of these tools includes all the electronic systems which establish and facilitate the intra and extra organizational relationships. The purpose of this paper is, investigating the effect of this technology on overcoming the organizational obstacles to reach the world class levels which has done in Iranian organizations that use office automation technology and the effect of it is tested with the validity of six statistical hypotheses. This research use a descriptive and survey methodology which has done by using the confirmatory factor analysis on the responses of the 100 questionnaires distributed between the experts in Iranian organizations using this technology in their business. The results of this research show that applying this technology in Iranian organization effect on the quality improvement, reducing the duplication and waiting time and improving the world class performance, while it does not effect on the flexibility and the competitive price of the products.

In today's world, insurance of productive capital investment and reducing economical risk causes more fundraising and therefore the greatest economic boom cycle. One way to arrive capital investment security is to predict bankruptcy of a business unit. As the Iranian power and energy stock is going to start working by 2012, providing suitable advices to investors would be a priority. This paper proposes a new solution approach for bankruptcy prediction of the Iranian power and energy industries. To do so, an evolutionary algorithm premised on Learning Automata is employed and adapted to the problem. Two sets of firms related to power and energy industries that are listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) are selected as the training and test data, respectively. The developed algorithm is conducted on both train and test data, and the efficiency of the proposed method is evaluated via several scenarios. It was practically seen in simulations that the learning automata based algorithm could achieve an accuracy of 91% and 88% over the train and test data, respectively. Besides these, the same data sets are also conducted by other methods such as MDA and Logit, and the obtained results are compared with reality. The yielded results prove the accuracy as well as the efficiency of the proposed solution technique

Choosing right project is one of the factors that companies and Organizations use to Financial Success, The large number of companies deals with selection of one project through some projects. These companies had to consider many parameters like risks, resource constraints, time constraints and the expected project’s profit in their selections, to name a few. The importance of this topic leads to create several models to choose projects. Each model refers to special aspects of the problem. Therefore merging of this aim is necessary. This research tries to represent a combined approach of project selection. This approach determines economic, profitability and restrictions aspects of doing the project. Three methods of: Delphi, dynamic ranking and Goal programming of this model. In the beginning part of this model we use the Delphi method of calculation; Probability of technical success and strategic importance of each project. In the next step, we use earned weights by the first step and economic data of projects as dynamic rating inputs, at the end of this step economic weight will be given to each project, then this weights will be used as coefficients of Goal function at the third step. At this step Goal programming used to determine restrictions. By this model investor can consider economic, profitability and restrictions aspects of doing project easily and choose the best choice. At last foresaid combined approach is used to choose one of A or B Investing project as an example. To solve Goal model winQSB software is used.

The inquiry about labor market evaluation in provinces of the country shows that Yazd is one of the provinces that have been faced with more increasing unemployment rate in the recent years; as unemployment rate in this province has increased from 5.2% in 1375 to 9.4% in 1389. In this research, we intend to identify the major effective factors on employment development by designing the Yazd province employment model. We also intend to anticipate the future of the province employment with regard to the reciprocal relations of the factors and with attention to various environmental and demographic circumstances. The implementation of this model offers several scenarios in employment development on the basis of system dynamics principles; that can help the major decision makers choose the appropriate policies. The mentioned model is designed on the basis of system dynamics methods. For this reason, the Yazd province employment development was simulated by “Vensim PLE” software concerning the public and private sectors. A period of 30 years from 1385 to 1415 was selected for implementation and test validity of the model. In the end, after explaining the conceived situation for the future of the province employment, with presenting results of the model, a number of suggestions will be given to help choose the appropriate policies in taking future opportunities and increasing the management power against future threats.

Nowadays management of physical assets is considered as one of the important fields of science and technology. Reduction of undesirable random failures and repairs is one of the most important objectives of those who utilize advanced equipments and machinery. Meanwhile, Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) has been recognized as an effective solution for the problems of technical, economic and strategic management of machinery and equipments. In this study, besides explaining the basics of this condition monitoring (CM) and existing standards, The influencing trend of CM process parameters on "increased equipment availability" have been studied in Isfahan Steel Company and, CM strategies have been prioritized using an integrated approach of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Quality Function Deployment (QFD) towards improvement of equipment availability. Data related to house of quality is also via Likert questionnaire, have been collected between managers and experts of THE Maintenance department in the Isfahan Steel Company. The findings indicate that strategies of frequency analysis and overall vibration level with a total weight of 0.2810 and strategies of magnetic keys and filters with a total weight of 0.1026, have the most influence on increasing the equipments availability.

The industrial cluster approach is one of the successful approaches for regional development, Causes the improvement of learning capabilities in urban and regional environment, using physical, social-cultural, economic and institutional proximities of the surrounding environment. This paper aims to The Investigation and Analysis of Relationship Industrial Clustering And the improvement of learning capabilities in the Printing / Publishing and Furniture Industries in Qom’ Metropolis. This is a survey based study (184 completed questionnaires) whit applied approach which required information gathered through the library study and field work. The Study’s sample size is based on the “minimum sample size for population table” (94 firms in the furniture industry and 90 firms in the publishing industry) and “Stratified random sampling method”. Furthermore, apparent validity, content validity and reliability of test are verified by “using experts”, “KMO and Bartlett's sphericity test” and “Cronbach's alpha test” respectively. Research instruments include learning capability questionnaire with 10 items and institutional cluster proximities with 36 items. Using Pearson correlation, data obtained by questionnaires are analyzed. Findings indicated that: printing/ publishing industry cluster with social-cultural and economic proximities industrial cluster furniture with only social-cultural proximity and general characteristics of both industrial firm’s (education manager / owner firms, the number of workers, the age of establish and average annual sales of the firm) indicate a significant relation between improvement of learning capabilities. Moreover, it seems that institutional, physical and economical proximities in the furniture industry and institution, physical proximities in printing/publishing industry haven’t a significant role in the learning capabilities enhancement. This study recommends that proximities of institutional, physical, economic, social- cultural industries should be strengthened for success of these clusters and improvement of learning capabilities and finally stimulates regional development.

Identifying appropriate decision making methods, shapes one of major concern of Information technology managers. Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) can be a good option in this field. Developing FAHP model, in this research 2 Information technology management capability criterion options is evaluated and reported, including information technology capabilities and Data quality. In this study Polling Expert opinion on options and criteria weights, shapes inputs of the model. According to obtained results Fuzzy AHP is applicable in such decisions and is an appropriate apparatus. Findings indicate that human resource is the most important organizational information technology capability. Also intrinsic criteria of data are the most critical dimension of Data quality.

Due to the growing trend of use of the outsourcing approach in organizations, Gas Company of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, keep pace with developments in the outsourcing of Iran, implementing the most of their capital projects as the treaty. But according to the tenure of parts of operation service is still undertaking company and planning for outsourcing during the coming years in the agenda is located, in order to correct use of outsourcing approach and improvement of Performance Company’s project, correct evaluation of risks before the outsourcing seems necessary in this organization. The purpose of this study providing a useful framework for identifying risks in the company's outsourcing projects and prioritizing them uses FMEA technique. Therefore, investigating the studies conducted, major risks and their effective factors were identified and classified considering the parameters of quality, cost and delivery time. Then, using of FMEA technique and based on the priority level of acquired risk severity, occurrence and detection, attempting to quantify and prioritize identified factors and providing corrective actions to control and reduce the risks. In this study, using a questionnaire survey and interviews with seven of the top executives of companies that are directly related to the issue is performed. Based on acquiring results, structural defects, functional defects and delay in outsourcing project's implementation are more significant and currency exchange fluctuations factors, uncertainty of changing technology and customer requirements, lack of experience, expertise and knowledge in the field of outsourcing and lack of required skills for performance projects in high level and requires greater managerial control.

Institutions of higher education (both public and private) are among the most important institutions of a country. Several economic factors have forced them to embark on improving the cost-effectiveness and cost effectiveness of their activities and the quality of their products (outputs) is strongly expected. Such issues have lead universities to focus on profit-making activities and commercialization like manufacturing industries. This inclination is grounded in the fact that manufacturing industries that work under an efficient management system can produce very high-quality products. In fact, there is no such a model for academic contexts. Therefore, this paper is aimed at offering such a model. The coefficients and constants used in this model have all been extracted based on analyzing research and educational aspects of the University. The proposed model is an integer linear Goal programming model which has 36 decision variables that are broken down into two classes of university sources variables (15) and university products variables. The model also includes 49 Goals, 7 structural constraints and 20 integer variables. At the end of the paper, the current situation is compared with the recommended one and it shows that many of the variables are suboptimal except variables of research and educational officials (9 s), graduate (7 p) and PhD (9 p) night course students number. The comprehensiveness of this model enables managers to plan the smallest research and educational activities and its solutions can be used by managers as applied guidelines.