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Dental Clinical and Experimental Journal - Volume:2 Issue: 1, Feb 2016

Dental Clinical and Experimental Journal
Volume:2 Issue: 1, Feb 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/12/07
  • تعداد عناوین: 5
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  • Masoomeh Shirzaiy *, Fathemeh Bagheri Page 1
    Background
    Xerostomia is a condition in which salivary secretion is reduced for various reasons. Some complications of the disease include tooth decay, burning mouth and atrophic mucosa.
    Objectives
    This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of xerostomia and its related factors in patients referred to Zahedan dental school in Zahedan city, Iran.
    Patients and
    Methods
    In this descriptive-analytical study, the questionnaires were completed for 400 patients (aged 20 - 71 years) referred to Zahedan dental school in 2007. They were examined by an oral medicine specialist and the criteria of xerostomia diagnosis included fissuring lip, pale and atrophic mucosa, smooth, red and depapillated tongue, complaining sticking lips together, cervical and top of teeth cusps caries and sticking tongue blade to mucosa. The presence of three criteria for at least a week and unstimulated salivary flow rate
    Results
    From a total of 400 patients, 211 cases (52.8%) were female and 189 (47.2%) were male, of which 143 persons (35.8%) affected by xerostomia. The prevalence of xerostomia was higher in people older than 51 years (59.4%). Also, women (39.8%), antihistamine (90.9%) and bronchodilator (83.3%) drugs users, patients with neural (%78.3) and psychotic (77.2%) disorders, cigarette smoking (52.2%) and hookah (61.3%) users had experienced more xerostomia.
    Conclusions
    Xerostomia is more common in females and older people. According to the results of the present study, it seems that the factors such as systemic disease involvement, taking medications, age and gender may be associated with xerostomia
    Keywords: Xerostomia, Saliva, Related Factor
  • Leila Gholami, Mohammad Ayoob Rigi, Arezoo Motaghedifard, Hadi Hashemzehi * Page 2
    Background
    Periodontal diseases and their important contribution to our overall health has been a field of study in the recent years. This study aimed at investigating the knowledge of general practitioners about the relationship between periodontal diseases and systemic diseases.
    Methods
    In this study, 168 general physicians practicing in Zahedan, Iran, were randomly selected. A self-designed questionnaire was used. Respondents’ demographic characteristics, periodontal disease knowledge, knowledge of associations between periodontal disease and systemic illnesses, and attitudes toward patients’ periodontal health and the amount of patients referrals were collected. SPSS version 19 was used to assess the association of knowledge about periodontal disease with gender, age, and work experience (p ≤ 0.05).
    Results
    The average knowledge score of all participants was 17.8±4.8. The correlation coefficient between knowledge and age was 0.264, and it was 0.158 between knowledge and experience, which had no correlation with one another. Moreover, there was no significant correlation between knowledge and sex (P > 0.05%). The least amount of knowledge and referral was of the link between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases. Participants reported university courses as the major source of knowledge.
    Conclusions
    The results of this study revealed a moderate level of knowledge of general practitioners about the relationship between periodontal diseases and systemic disease. With the rapidly growing field of periodontal medicine, oral health related training should be an integral part of continuing education courses after graduation to increase collaboration between medical and dental health care professionals to provide better health care services.
    Keywords: Periodontal Infections, Systemic Diseases, Knowledge
  • Mohammad Ayoub Rigi-Ladiz, Nezar Ali Moulaei, Nahid Ramazani *, Mohaddese Khajemahmood Page 3
    Background
    Periodontal infections are factors associated with systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular diseases, preterm birth, low birth weight, and cerebral vascular diseases.
    Objectives
    This study aimed at comparing the periodontal status between patients with COPD and healthy subjects.
    Methods
    This case-control study was done on 20 COPD patients (including 9 females and 11 males) and 20 non-COPD healthy subjects (including 11 females and 9 males) within the age range of 30 to 65 years old. In the COPD group, the subjects were all non-smokers and without any systemic illness, apart from COPD. The mean clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), and sulcus bleeding index (SBI) was calculated and compared between the two groups. For data analysis, Mann-Whitney U and chi-square were employed using the SPSS 18 software.
    Results
    The amount of CAL in COPD and healthy groups was 4.57 ± 1.4 and 2.38 ± 0.8, respectively (P
    Conclusions
    Although the investigated sample size did not suffice for deducing an exact conclusion, results indicated a probable association between periodontal disease and COPD.
    Keywords: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Periodontal Disease, Periodontal Parameters
  • Elham Bozorgmehr*, Hossein Ansari, Mahsa Poordavar, Azam Dahmardeh Ghalenou Page 4
    Background
    General dental practitioners are important resources for implementing preventive strategies and meeting dental treatment needs. Dental education plays a vital role in providing the community with dental practitioners who are equipped with the ability to apply preventive dental care.
    Objectives
    Considering the importance of preventive practices by dentists, this study was designed to assess preventive services by general dental practitioners working clinically in Zahedan, southeast of Iran.
    Methods
    This cross sectional study was carried out among general dental practitioners in Zahedan, southeast of Iran. A total of 105 participants were invited to the study, of whom 95 participants had completed questionnaires on all the variables selected for analysis (response rate = 86%). A self-administrated structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. P = 0.05 was considered as the significance level.
    Results
    Among all the participants, 51.6% always gave oral hygiene instructions and 35.8% gave nutrition instructions to their patients. Only 20% of them always advised patients to use fluoride and 34.7% did fluoride therapy for most children. Fissure sealant was done by 48.4% for most children who needed it. According to the Chi-square test, there was no significant relationship between gender and health instructions (P = 0.86), but the relationship was significant between performing fissure sealant (P = 0.03) and fluoride therapy (P = 0.05), so that female general dental practitioners provided fluoride therapy and fissure sealant more than males. Fissure sealant has also a significant relationship with the participants’ age (P = 0.001) and the years since their graduation (P = 0.03), so that younger and more newly graduated ones performed fissure sealants more than the others. There was a significant relationship between providing health education (P = 0.044), nutrition education (P = 0.01), and fissure sealant (P = 0.04) with the location of graduation, as the participants who were educated abroad had done better than those graduated in the country.
    Conclusions
    Preventive dental services are not performed by the majority of the general dental practitioners in the southeast of Iran. Also, raising the awareness of the people about preventive methods and considering insurance for preventive services can help to promote dental caries prevention.
    Keywords: Preventive Dental Services, General Dentists, Barriers to Prevention
  • Fateme Arbabi-Kalati, Mahnaz Sandoghi *, Mahsa Moradi, Saeede Salimi Page 5
    Background
    Osteoporosis is one of the chronic diseases of the skeletal system characterized by low bone mineral density. Mouth saliva is made up of complex proteins and ions including calcium, potassium, and sodium. Since calcium is an important component of the skeletal system and exists also in saliva, in this study we examined the relationship between salivary calcium and osteoporosis.
    Methods
    In this analytical cross-sectional study, unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 60 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had history of steroid use. They were divided into equal groups of osteoporosis, osteopenia, and control. All data were analyzed using ANOVA statistical test in SPSS (v.18).
    Results
    The average calcium concentration in groups of osteoporosis and osteopenia was 1.7 ± 0.70 and 1.7 ± 0.76, respectively. Also, the average frequency of dry mouth in osteoporosis and osteopenia groups was 5 and 6, respectively. The observed differences were not statistically significant between the groups (P = 0.4).
    Conclusions
    According to the present study, there is no significant relationship between salivary and serum calcium and osteoporosis caused by treatment with glucocorticoid.
    Keywords: Osteoporosis, Salivary Calcium, Xerostomia