مجله توسعه تکنولوژی صنعتی
پیاپی 16 (زمستان 1389)

This study reviews the trend of development of research and technology management in Research and Technology Organizations (RTOs) and provides a historical progress of its development to the strategic research and technology management. Accordingly، research and technology management in its development process has three different approaches، including the intuitive approach، the systematic approach and the strategic approach. After describing those approaches، the detailed elements of the strategic approach will be discussed and at the end and before conclusion، the debate about requirements of implementing strategic approach to research and technology management in RTOs is addressed.

In any organization، by spending much time and money، the results of thoughts، activities، and actions are obtained in form of documents. These documents contain valuable information and experiences which have important role in elevating the organizational goals، and are considered as one of the important management tools in preparing administrative programs and decisions. Therefore، the main concern of any organization is to maintain and manage its documents properly. In this article، we describe a step by step method for designing and implementing an electronic management system of the organizations'' documents. The documents'' classification based on different tree structures، such as organizational structure، document type، and the nature of the projects، is among the characteristics of the proposed method. In order to code the technical documents، an efficient pattern is also presented. The obtained results from implementing the mentioned method in Assistant Engineering and Development of Alborz Province Water & Wastewater Company are an indication of its efficiency.

The recognition of similarities and differences of the technology road maps prepared for different industrial areas is the main objective of this article. Therefore، some of the road maps both internal and external compiled for different technology areas are studied. In this study، it is focused on the method of these road maps preparation and the type of their outputs. Introducing these road maps separately، a comparison among them is performed from different aspects، and finally their similarities and differences are recognized. The results are indicating that there are variety of approaches for preparing technology road map of an industry، and it''s preparation mostly depends on the desired objectives and status.

The role of knowledge management، technology management and innovation management has increased in the knowledge based economy. In this paper، based on these three types of management which are effective on organization competitiveness، a new integrated framework has been presented to cover the advantages of these management types and prevent from redundancy. The Teknowvation (TEchnology، KNOWledge and innoVATION) management is the name of this new framework. This framework has integrated knowledge management، technology management and innovation management and exploit from their advantages. Teknowvation framework has 7 main functions and 2 supportive functions. Finally، two industries were studied based on this framework.

To form science and technology cooperation networks-as one of the efficient tools of transferring knowledge and assets sharing- two different patterns are used in the world. In the first pattern، the networks are formed informally and by the spontaneous participation of those interested; and in the second one، the networks are established as a political tool with a state institution intervention in the form of a formal organization. In this research، by studying seven cases of the most important cooperation networks formed in Iran from 1375 to 1385 in the field of science and technology، the reasons (and wisdom) of state intervention in establishing cooperation networks are studied، and the privileges and defects of the mentioned patterns from the effective people''s viewpoint in the networks under study are examined. In this regard، the different research tools including document analysis and open interviews with the founders of the networks under study and observation have been used in a form of qualitative study. Considering the research results، although the spontaneous participation for establishing cooperation networks are evaluated more suitable by the most activists of the networks under study، but at least for six reasons including the social infrastructure weakness of the networks cooperation، and the need for government investment in order to establish common infrastructures، the state intervention in forming the networks is inevitable.

The role of the state in industrial development of Iran by using the institutional approach is studied in this writing. Instead of traditional emphasis on linear model and the interference or uninterference of the state in economy، this article emphasizes on the state entity، the type of its interference and efficiency in the framework of the developist state concept. With a distinct، historical and institutional entity، the developist state plays the midwifery، fostering and developing role different from the uvdevelopist states which provides the industrial change and development backgrounds; the task still ignored in Iran especially in the area of industry. According to institutional approach the developist state with the characteristic of embedded autonomy as a structure and infrastructure of development is distinguished from the other states. During the history، the bureaucratic independence and dependence on society have always been in an aura of ambiguity in Iran، and the state with such a characteristic having the role of industry demiurge and custodian is among the undevelopist states.

In this article، considering the customers'' needs and the limitations ahead of producers، we are looking for the estimation of the relative importance of the product technical requirements in QFD matrix. Since the matrix considers only customers'' needs in technical requirements then a technic، which proceeds to study both the needs and the limitations in designing the product، is followed. Hence، the DEA model which is a linear planning one is suggested. Firstly، the related literatures in the fields of QFD and DEA are studied، and after describing the integration process of the two models with each other the case study is considered. Secondly، the customers'' needs and their relative importance، the limitations ahead of producers، and technical specifications of the tile and ceramic industry are paid attention to; also the relation between the needs and technical specifications from one hand، and the limitations ahead of producers and technical specifications from the other hand are estimated. Finally، we obtain the relative importance of technical requirements in the tile and ceramic industry by manufacturing DEA model with its limitations.