Annals of Military and Health Sciences Research
Volume:12 Issue: 4, Autumn 2014

Triage is a complicated and dynamic process in nature. Moreover, there are many challenges in selecting the required information about the casualties, the wounded, and the type of accident at the time of crisis. Hence, this research was undertaken to present a new strategy for efficiently triaging casualties in the battlefield. In this review, two methods of field and library research were used. The data were collected through related books and papers. Then interviews were done to validate the collected data. The analyses led to an operational, tactical model for triage, which is a step-by step triage under enemy’s attack and vital measures to rescue the wounded. Learning and applying the three-step tactical combat casualty care will help the medics offer the right medical care at the right time to a larger number of the wounded within the battlefield.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease which widely affects individual health and social performance. The purpose of this study was to compare the mental health of patients with type I diabetes and non-diabetic individuals.

This was a comparative after-the-fact study conducted in 2011. The participants included 50 patients with type I diabetes who were members of Diabetic Association of Ahvaz city, Iran. Also, 50 non-diabetic relatives of the patients were selected as the control group. Both groups were similar regarding sex and educational status. The 28-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) was distributed among both groups. The acquired data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate variance analysis method (MANOVA).

There was a significant difference regarding mental health between those with type I diabetes and those without diabetes (P <. 001) except in social dysfunction.

Type I diabetes can affect the mental health of the patients.

In recent years high explosive bomb attacks have been increasingly directed against civil structures by various terrorist organizations. This paper describes a numerical method for assessing the interaction of high explosive air blast within the complex geometrical type of a congested urban environment. The first step in predicting blast effects on a target is to predict blast loads on it. In this study a computational fluid dynamics program and analytical methods developed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) were used to solve two and three dimensional air blast problems. Explosions in confined spaces (mines, buildings, large vehicles) which cause structural collapse are associated with greater morbidity and mortality. The reflected pressures for explosive detonations are two to thirteen times greater than peak incident pressures. A rough estimate of the total casualties following such events are the result of the composition and amount of involved materials, surrounding environment, delivery method, distance between the victim and the blast, crowd density and any intervening protective barriers or environmental hazards. The extent and severity of damage and injuries in an explosive event cannot be predicted with perfect certainty. Despite these uncertainties, it is possible to give some general indications of the overall level of damage and injuries to be expected in an explosive event based on the size of the explosion, distance from the event and assumptions about the construction of the building.

To determine the serum levels of vitamin D and calcium in patients with spinal cord injuries and their association with the scope of the lesion and the time passed since its inception. The participants were 147 spinal cord injured patients with the required criteria who had referred to our center. A questionnaire was filled for all of them to gather demographic details and then they were examined by a specialist. Blood sample was taken to determine the serum level of their 25-hydroxy vitamin D. The mean of calcium and vitamin D serum levels were 8.33 mg/dL and 15.30 ng/mL, respectively. Of the participants, 64.6% had vitamin D deficiency and 18.4% had insufficient level of vitamin D. Only in 7.5% of the patients the level of vitamin D was sufficient. In addition, 50.3% of the participants were afflicted with hypocalcaemia and the rest had normal level of calcium. According our study many of spinal cord injured patients suffer from vitamin D deficiency. Considering the major complications caused by deficiency of vitamin D, prevention and treatment of this complication appears to be crucial in such patients

Scabies is a parasitic disease with nocturnal itching and cutaneous lesions. It spreads by physical contact and it occurs mostly in crowded places. Because of their occupation, military personnel have to live in garrisons and camps. So the prevalence of scabies is higher in military systems. Hence, this study evaluated the epidemiology of scabies in Iran’s Army. This retrospective research studied the cumulative incidence rate of scabies in Iran’s Army during years 2004-2010. The data were gathered from Preventive Medicine Department of AJA University of Medical Sciences. Any military person with confirmed diagnosis of scabies by the center physician was included in the study. In this 7-year study total number of reported scabies was 5277 cases. Most of them had occurred in spring and summer. More than 50% were from Hormozgan province. Guilan and Mazandaran provinces were in the second and third stand. The least were from Lorestan, Hamedan, West Azerbaijan and Zanjan provinces. About 62% of cases belonged to Navy. Although t he overall trend of scabies in Iran’s Army has been declining in recent years, it is still a common problem in warm and humid provinces and among Navy personnel. Since scabies is a reliable indicator of public health status, it seems that there is a need for more healthcare facilities and more resource allocation particularly in warm seasons of the year to reduce this disease among the military personnel.

Body image is a person’s body shape in his/her mind. Negative body image is associated with low self-esteem, depression, eating disorder and body dimorphic disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of body image on sexual performance of married women nurses in Tehran. In this correlation study, 200 married women nurses working in public and military hospitals in Tehran were selected by multistage sampling method. Fisher’s body image questionnaire and female sexual function index were used for data elicitation. Lastly, 190 questionnaires were fully answered and considered for the analyses. Body satisfaction positively and significantly correlates with desirable sexual function (r = 0.156, P =. 002). Increasing body image scores can increase sexual function in married women nurses. Body image can predict a woman nurse’s sexual function. So, better sexual function can be achieved by improving body image in married women nurses.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of four weeks supplementation of vitamin C on serum levels of total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde among inactive men after an eccentric exercise. Twenty non-athletic healthy volunteer men (24 ± 1.6 years old, 22.59 ± 2.62 body fat percentage and 48.96 ± 3.58 mL/kg/min maximum oxygen uptake) were divided into two randomized groups, i.e. vitamin C (1000mg/day) and placebo groups. Four particpants left the study before completion. After four weeks of supplementation, all participants participated in an intermittent aerobic exercise on a treadmill with 80% oxygen consumption (the negative slope of 10 degrees) and ran for 45 minutes. The first blood sample was taken before supplementation, a second blood sample after the end of supplementation period and the third sample immediately after the exercise. Normalized data were analyzed using repeated measures by Bonferroni t-test. Analysis was done using for (SPSS) software version 21. The capacity for total antioxidant (P =. 001) and malondialdehyde (P =. 001) in sera were significant. Four weeks of vitamin C supplementation also significantly increased the basic total antioxidant capacity. In addition, vitamin C was able to increase the antioxidant capacity after exercise. Supplementation of vitamin C can increase the basic total antioxidant capacity. Adverse changes in oxidative stress-induced activities can reduce damages by aerobic exercises in non-athletic men.