Annals of Military and Health Sciences Research
Volume:14 Issue: 3, Summer 2016

Based on the world researches, noncarcinogenic risk assessment of heavy metals in the soybean (Glycine max) is narrow; the current study aimed at investigating the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), cupper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in soybean marketed in Hamedan city, Iran, and estimating their potential risk to the health of inhabitants.
The current analytical-observational study totally collected 27 samples from 9 brands of soybean (3 samples from each brand of soybean) from the market basket of Hamadan in 2015. After preparation and processing the samples in the laboratory, the concentration of metals were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS).
Also, all statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 19, according to the Shapiro-Wilk test, one-way ANOVA (Duncan multiple range test), and the Pearson correlations.
The results showed that themaximummeanconcentrations (g/kg dW) of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in soybean samples were 42.0  19.06, 13440.1  1437.0, 34.44  14.82, and 32566.8  4965.1, respectively. Also, the mean concentrations of metals in all samples were lower than the maximum permissible limits (MPL) recommended by the world health organization (WHO). The computed health risk index (HRI) showed that no potential risk for adults and children via consumption of the studied soybean.
According to HRI value, there was no possible health risk to adults and children due to intake of the studied soybean brands under the current consumption rate.

Acute kidney failure is a common complication in critically ill patients of intensive care units.
The objective of this study was to examine the role of caregiver burden on quality of life and perception of patients with kidney failure.
This descriptive-analytical study followed a correlational design. The statistical population included 191 patients with chronic kidney failure in the age range of 30 to 50 years old, who underwent hemodialysis at hospitals of Zahedan within 6 months, during year 2014. Overall, 54 patients were selected using the convenience sampling method. The measurement tools were the caregiver burden inventory (Novak and Guest, 1989), the quality of life scale (Rand, 1995), and the experience and perception of suffering scale (Schulz et al., 2010).
The results were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The results of the current study indicated that caregiver burden was positively and significantly correlated with physical and mental dimensions of quality of life and it was significantly and negatively related to physical and mental dimensions of perception of suffering. In addition, the results of regression analysis revealed that caregiver burden predicted 0.05 of mental and physical quality of life, 0.07 of physical perception of suffering, and 0.05 of mental perception of suffering.
Therefore, development of community-based services, such as short-term hospitalizations, psychological and vocational rehabilitations, and follow-up treatments at home, which are among the main requirements of caregivers, need to be taken into consideration in national mental health programs.

Many researches have focused on reducing the deleterious effects of oxidative stress in biological systems. The present study investigated the effect of palmitoleic acid on the oxidative stress parameters induced by palmitic acid on cardiomyocytes.
Rat cardiomyocytes were treated with 0.5 mM palmitate, palmitoleate,
and palmitate palmitoleate, or remained as control. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) values were measured in both the cells and the media at 24h and 48h intervals.
While cellular TAC values decreased in the palmitic acid group compared to the control group (24%) at 48h time point (P In conclusion, the harmful effects of the oxidative stress induced by palmitate would be diminished by palmitoleate in the rat cardiomyocytes.

Context:Water molecule is one of the best known polar molecules in nature, on the grounds that this molecular property gives special importance to its chemical structure and its role in life. Our objective was to investigate cleaning in place with electrochemical water.
Evidence Acquisition: Provided that the water molecule with its oxygen and hydrogen parts does not get completely decomposed, its structure changes in terms of shape and quality. The changed shape will be preserved for long hours and the activation trend for such kind of water molecule will increase.
This process is called “Electrochemical Activation”. The reactor is able to produce two kinds of Catholyte and Anolyte waters. The electrochemical water is produced with different pHs. In the present study, the bacteriostatic and bacteriocidic ability of the anolyte water were studied with respect to four bacterial species including Staphylococcus areus, Entrobacter, Pseudomonas florescence, and Bacillus cereus. The effective factor of the natural anolyte included active chlorine and a compound of oxygen (hypochlorous, ozone, and peroxide).
The function range of this natural anolyte has been emphasized for cleaning and sterilizing medical equipment.
Electrochemical water reactor in food safety is important and sutible for cleaninig in place and is envoirementalfriendly.

The enzyme HGPRT 5-phosphoribosyl converts to hypoxanthine or guanine to build up IMP or GMP as an ATP and GTP precursor in the purine nucleotides salvage pathway. This enzymeis most active in the liver, blood cells, nervous system, and skeletal muscles. In fact, the normal activity of this enzyme is involved in the salvage of 90% of free nucleotides and thereby contributes to the economy of purine in cells. Minor decrease or defect of this enzyme results in the increased xanthine, uric acid, and oxygen free radicals. Reports suggest the relationship between this enzyme and the level of physical preparation, antioxidant capacity, and low blood uric acid levels in active individuals. However, the effect of different types of exercise, especially high-intensity intermittent exercise on this enzyme is not clear.
The present study aimed to investigate the possible compatibility of this enzyme and some purine nucleotide cycle variables in a short-term high-intensity interval training.
18 healthy, untrained, male, eligible volunteers (based on their age, height, and weight) were randomly divided into control and training groups. The training group rode the bicycle ergometer with maximum intensity for 2 weeks (3 sessions per week) with 45-second repetitions and a 4-minute rest between the sets. Blood samples were collected for measuring HGPRT, hypoxanthine, xanthine, and uric acid before and 48 hours after the last training session, and data were analyzed using analysis of covariance at alpha level of 0.05.
A significant increase was found in the levels of hypoxanthine (P = 0.001) and xanthine (P = 0.001) while a statistically significant reduction was found in the level of uric acid (P = 0.02). However, after training, the HGPRT serum level did not increase significantly (P = 0.386).
The results suggest that this short-term program was able to improve the variables involved in the purine nucleotide recycling pathway, and probably led to maintaining the balance of total nucleotide pool.

Sexual relationships are one of the most important and most obsolete aspects of human life since first, and there are many factors which affect sexual knowledge and attitude, and sexual functioning in men and women.
Theaimof this studywasto determine the level of sexual knowledge, attitude, andfunctioningamongurology patients.
This was a cross-sectional descriptive study with stratified random sampling on 84 female and 60 male patients referring to the Urology clinic of Imam Reza hospital, Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using 6 tools including a researcher-made sexual knowledgequestionnaire, Dehghanisexual attitude questionnaire, the international index of erectile function (IIEF),andthe female sexual functioning index (FSFI), and analyzed by SPSS v.21 software.
The mean scores were 81.3 out of 11 for sexual knowledge and 47.96 6.48 out of 58 for sexual attitude. Only 8.3% of men had severe sexual dysfunction, but 79.8% of women had at least one kind of sexual dysfunctions, and pain disorder was the most prevalent one by 53.6%. We found no relationship between age, education, climacteric state, and age at the first sexual experience and any of the major study variables.
Sexual knowledge and attitude, and men’s sexual functioning were at good levels in urology patients; however, sexual functioning in this field was remarkably lower in women than general population, and it also had a different pattern: pain disorder was the most prevalent sexual dysfunction.