مجله پژوهش های کاربردی در گزارشگری مالی
پیاپی 11 (پاییز و زمستان 1396)

In recent years, Researchers in the field of corporate social responsibility have focused their Attention to identify the factors influencing corporate social responsibility disclosure. However, a large share of these studies belongs to developed countries and few studies have examined the developing countries with emerging economies. The aim of this study is identify and ranking the factors influencing of corporate social responsibility disclosure. Therefore, Data of 104 Production firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange were analyzed during the period from 2006 to 2015 In two stage included the first stage; identifying the factors influencing the level of corporate social responsibility disclosure and the second stage; ranking the significant variables identified in the first stage. The results of the first stage of research to test the hypotheses using multivariate regression models indicate that economic factors, corporate characteristics and corporate governance factors have significant influence in explaining corporate social responsibility disclosure. Also, results of the second stage of research to ranking important variables using data mining approach, including decision tree C5, neural networks, Bayesian networks, logistic regression models and the comparison of these models, showed that the decision tree model C5 has been more efficient than other models. Accordingly, in order of importance, company size, financial leverage, management ownership, ownership concentration, CEO duality, inflation, corporate age, profitability, and board independence variables have been most important in determining of corporate social responsibility disclosure.

Professional skepticism is an attitude that requires the existence of a questioning mind, the awareness of possible situations containing misstatements resulting from mistake or fraud and finally, the critical evaluation of the audit evidence available. The most important criticism that auditors usually face in financial reporting is the lack proper presentation of professional skepticism. Based on Nelson’s model (2009) of personality traits, this study examines the role of three influential personality traits on auditors’ professional skepticism. The traits include mindset, ethical values, and behavioral deviations. Also, the roles of deliberative mindset and implemental mindset on the application of auditors’ situational professional skepticism in financial reporting are reviewed. Using computer-based test method and structural equation model, the study is conducted among 203 auditors. Results indicate that the more deliberative stage lasts, the higher will be an auditor’s professional skepticism level. Also, by increasing the level of ethical values among auditors and decreasing their behavioral deviations, the level of their professional skepticism increases.

Since the issuance of IFRS, the economic consequences and the effect of IFRS adoption on accounting information quality have been the debate subject of professional and academic circles and different analyses have been presented on them. In order to respond to the contradictions and inconsistencies in analyses and results of experimental studies, in this study a meta-analysis of experimental studies on the effects of adoption of IFRS on the value relevance of accounting information was conducted. This study was conducted on a sample consisted of 72266 companies in period from 2000 to 2017, and based on these studies, 94 analyses from different countries were conducted. The results show that except in the case of voluntary adaptation, relevance value of book value of equity reduced in period after adaptation of IFRS, but the size of this reduction depends on legal and commercial conditions governing on countries. In addition, value relevance of earnings of accounting increased after adaptation of IFRS. However, more investigations suggest that earnings relevance, depending on legal and commercial conditions governing in countries, can have different reactions to adaptation of IFRS.

One of the factors that led to stock price crash is managers’ activities to conceal bad news and negative performance inside of the company. One of the cases which could prevent opportunistic behavior of managers is dividend payment. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of dividend payment on the future stock price crash risk As well as the survey the aforementioned effect in terms of information asymmetry and high levels of free cash flow. In order to attain the research purpose, 101 companies among the listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years of 1389 to 1395 (2010 – 2017) were selected as statistical sample. In orgder to test the research hypotheses we used multivariate regression model and panel data. The results of this study showed that the dividend payment decrease stock price crash risk. In addition, the results showed that high levels of free cash flow and information asymmetry will increase the effect dividend payments on future stock price crash risk.

The aim of this study is to examine the dividend reporting information content in relation with future performance based on long-term and short-run incremental and decreasing trends of corporate performance Criteria (including earnings per share, operating profit per share, operating cash flow of each share and the growth of per share net assets adjusted in terms of inflation). For this purpose, four main hypotheses and sixteen sub-hypotheses are developed and data on 301 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period of 1992 to 2015 were analyzed. The regression models using Panel data method with fixed effects approach reviewed and tested. The results of the research showed that for all performance criteria with the exception of functional criterion for the net asset value changes for each share (performance balance criterion), dividend information content in relation to future corporate performance is higher for long-term patterns than short-term patterns. So it can be argued that the information content of the future performance is higher for stable companies in terms of performance and distribution in terms of dividend, compared to less stable firms. Also, the results indicate that the amount of profit in each of performance criteria with the exception of the functional criterion for net asset value changes for each share (performance balance sheet), has a greater effect on decreasing and increasing dividends for long-term patterns than short-term patterns

Prior researches on intra-industry information transfer show that industry peers’ reports provide informative information about individual firms and documented significant stock price responses to industry peers’ announcement of financial information. It seems that this phenomenon and comparative management performance evaluations in industries with highly related environments leads to changes in management behavior and information environment attributes in this industries. In this study, we examined the relationship of intra-industry connectedness with firm’s earnings response coefficient, earnings forecasts quantity and cost of capital. Our results show significant negative relation between intra-industry connectedness and earnings response coefficient and cost of capital and a positive relation between intra-industry connectedness and management earnings forecasts quantity.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between positive and negative free flow of cash flows and financial constraints on over-investment and underinvestment in corporate assets. This study is a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population of the study includes 122 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange between 2006 and 2015. In the present study, four hypotheses were developed and each one was tested using a static and dynamic approach. For a static approach, constant regression was used and for a dynamic approach was used generalized momentum regression. The results showed that in the stationary state financial constraints exacerbated by the impact of significant free cash flow of investment is too. The impact for positive free cash flow and negative free cash flow were directly and reverse. In dynamic mode resonator impact of financial constraints on the relationship between free cash flow and investment, too, is negative. Financial constraints moderating role on the relationship between free cash flow positive and negative values in both static and dynamic approach to investment is not enough. On the other hand the dynamic approach to financial constraints moderating role on the relation between a positive free cash flow and investment has not been excessive.

Cost stickiness is influenced by two theory of decision-makers decisions and theory of delays in cost moderation. Based on the theory of judicious decision makers, managers try to maintain resources at a time of declining sales to increase company profits in the long run, which is one of the reasons for cost stickiness. This study examines the effect of managerial ability on the cost stickiness.
Using panel data analysis, this paper examines the role of managerial ability on cost stickiness of Iranian firms. The sample is comprised of 113 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during the period of 1389-1394. Cost stickiness is evaluated using Anderson et al (2003) approach. Managerial ability is assessed using DEA approach, that implements three inputs including current costs, the average of Non-Current Assets during the year and number of employees as well as three outputs including gross sales, profit before tax and rate on return of company.
After controlling for firm-specific variables, the results indicate that a negative relationship between managerial ability and the degree of cost stickiness. In other words, the results show that the ability of managers reduces costs stickiness of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange.