نشریه سالمندشناسی
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 6، پاییز 1396)

Ageing of population and protection of mental health in old age are becoming a major societal concern. Older adults are more likely to experience events that effect their mental health and weaken it. Therefore, consideration of the factors related to mental health of this group is necessary. So the purpose of this study was to study structural and simultaneous relationship of basic psychological needs and subjective well-being with mental health between older adults.
The research method was correlation. Among the elderly men and women over the age of 60 years in Tehran in 2016, 247 elderly including 95 women and 152 men were selected by available sampling method. Subjective well-being (α=0/78), Basic psychological needs (α=0/73) and Psychological health (α=0/66) scales were used to collect date. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient (correlation matrix) and path analysis model using SPSS23 and Liserl 8.5.
the results showed a significant relationship between basic psychological needs: autonom (p Basic psychological needs and subjective well-being are important in improving the psychological health of older adults. Providing these needs will strengthen their subjective well-being and ultimately lead to better mental health.

Daily behaviors of the elderly affect oral and dental conditions. Today, the oral health of the older adults and promote it are very much taken into consideration, which is directly related to their quality of life. The main aim of this study was evaluation of Oral health status of male older adults in Razi psychiatric hospital.
In this cross-sectional hospital-based study, we recruited male admitted older adults aged ≥ 60 in Razi psychiatric hospital in Tehran, 2016. The study sample comprised120 subject which were selected through the census sampling method. Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), Abbreviated Mental Test score (AMTs), and socioeconomic questionnaires were used to collect the data. Reliability and validity of both questionnaires in Persian language have been confirmed. The gathered data were analyzed by SPSS-18 and Pearson correlation coefficient test.
A total of 120 male older adults, were included into the study. The mean age of the participants was 66.14 ± 3.37 years and of mean years of hospitalization was 20.16 ± 9.70. Results indicated that the oral health status of the elderly was undesirable. Factors such as cognitive status, age, education, and number of teeth were significantly correlated with oral health status.
Evaluation of the oral health in the elderly is essential for determining the impact of different dental procedures and care. According to the findings, the oral health status of elderly men in Razi Psychiatric Hospital is weak. Therefore, accurate oral examinations are recommended.

The participation of older adults in group activities is one of the key elements in improving the life quality and general health and reducing old age disability. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of Art therapy (produced crafts and playing with Lego) on life quality and social participation of older adults in Kerman nursing homes.
The current study is a quasi-experimental study with pre and post- tests and group control. The population of study was older adults who lived in Kerman nursing homes in 2016. 60 older adults selected based on the inclusion criteria. They were randomly assigned to the control (n=30) and experimental groups (n=30). The experimental groups received group activitiesº produced crafts and playing with Lego for one month, eleven sessions (totaling 20 hours). Statistical analysis conducted by analysis of covariance. After completing group activities, both groups responded to Lipid life quality and Moradieʼs social participation Questionnaires.
The findings of the covariance’s analysis indicated that there is a significantly difference in the quality of life and its dimensions (depression and anxiety and life satisfaction), between older adults in pre and post-test (p= 0.001) but, there was no significant difference between the scores of social participation of older adults before and after group activities. (p= 0.067).
According to the results of this research, Art therapy, such as the provision of handicraft and play with the logo, have a significant positive effect on the quality of life of older adults. Therefore, it is suggested that authorities in care center consider these group activities as a alternative or complementary therapies to reduce the mental health problems of older adults.

Assessment of the general health of the elderly is of utmost importance to determine their physical and psychological problems. This study aimed to measure general health status was conducted in Sabzevar , 2016.
This study was discriptive-analytic is based on elderly oer 60 years of age without cognitive problems in sabzevar. The data collected through a questionnaire consisted of two parts: demographic and public health -28 GHQ . The data were analyzed via descriptive statistics , One- way onava and independent T-test by using SPSS software (Ver.19).

The findings suggest that the cutoff point of 23 to CHQ-28, just 60 percent of seniors in Sabzevar good general health condition was good. Bivariate tests showed that general health, sex, education, marital status and their co-existence of a significant relationship is (001/0> P).
According to the results of this study, a large percentage of elderly people in Sabzevar not good general health, the General health status of the elderly in the city, is of particular importance.

Physical activity and exercise interventions can have a positive effect on improving the quality of life of the elderly and reduce their loss of function. The aim of this study was the effect of a speed stacking training program on manual dexterity in elderly men.
Forty elderly men with an average (74±1.7) years old were selected from nursing home city of Boroujerd in 2016 by available sampling. After taking a pre-test by Purdue Pegboard test, randomly were divided subjects into two groups: the experimental group (n = 20) and control group (n = 20). Speed stacking training was performed in 4 weeks, 45 min sessions, 4 times per week. So post-test was taken after training sessions. Data were analysed using analysis of Covariate (ANCOVA) were used. Data analysis by software Spss (version 22) and the level of significance was 0.05.
The results showed that speed stacking training on variables speed of manual dexterity has a (P0.05).
According to the results of this study, speed stacking training will improve fine motor speed of manual dexterity in elderly men and could be used in sports and daily programs, in rehabilitation centers and nursing homes.

Sexual satisfaction plays an important role in marital satisfaction of the elderly. Although sexual problems are common in elderly, it is usually not taken care of it in clinical care. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction in elderlies
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 elderly people covered by health centers in Kashan in 2013. The instrument used in this study was a two-part questionnaire. The first part was a researcher-made questionnaire about sexual relationship and the second part was the Enrich’s marital satisfaction questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.
The results indicated that marital satisfaction in elderly with higher sexual satisfaction was significantly higher than elderly with low sexual satisfaction. But physical problems preventing sexual intercourse had no effect on marital satisfaction. (P>0.05).
It is necessciate to pay attention to different aspects of marital satisfaction in the elderly, especially about sexual matters.

Sleep apnea is a sort of Airway obstruction that is resulted in fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness and might negatively influence the quality of life. The present paper is an attempt to survey the relationship between sleep apnea and the quality of life of the elderly in Saqez-Iran.
The study was carried out as a cross-sectional work in 2015. Totally, 300 participants who visited Saqez City-based clinics were selected through multi-stage sampling. Data gathering was done using STOP sleep apnea screening tool and quality of life questionnaire (SF-36). Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential tests in PASW.
The results confirmed sleep apnea in 213 subjects (71%). Mean score of quality of life of the subjects with sleep apnea was 46.53±14.75 and the elderly without sleep apnea was 56.93±16.25. In addition, mean score of physical aspect of quality of life in the former group was 44.59±20.96 and the latter group was 58.57±22.85. Clearly, the mean scores of the elderly with sleep apnea are significantly lower than the elderly without sleep apnea (p=0.0001).
Quality of life of the elderly with sleep apnea was lower than the elderly without sleep apnea. Screening, recognition, and controlling sleep apnea in the elderly are seemed to be effective in improving quality of life of them.

With growing number of the elderly population, feeling of loneliness as an effective factor on health and quality of life of them, requires a greater amount of attention. Meanwhile, follow-up with the purpose of establishing a continuous, dynamic caring relationship, play an important role in raising awareness and strengthening the performance of the elderly. This study was conducted to compare the effect of telephone follow-up (telenursing) with in-person follow-up on the feeling of loneliness in the elderly in community health centers in Ahvaz in 2017.
This semi-experimental study was implemented on 60 elderly people (60-75 yrs) in Ahvaz Health Centers. The sample was selected using systematic randomized sampling method. All 60 samples received a three-session training program in 3 weeks. In two months, the group receiving telenursing had six appointments while the group receiving in-person follow up had two. Data was collected using demographic questionnaires, short cognitive status test and Revised Russell's Loneliness Scale. The data was analyzed with SPSS software (version 20). P-values less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Average loneliness score was 38.03 and 34.2 in the group receiving telenursing and 35.9 and 32.6 in the group receiving in-person follow up before and after intervention, respectively. Both in the in-person follow up group (p = 0.001) and the telenursing group (p = 0.002), loneliness decreased following the intervention.
The results showed that there was a decline in feeling of loneliness in the two groups. Therefore, both follow-up methods are suggested for the elderly population.