فصلنامه رشد فناوری
پیاپی 43 (تابستان 1394)

Financing capital for startups, always had been propounded as one of the challenges for entrepreneurs. On the other hand, the risk of venture capital investment, financialinstitutions and banks often seem less willing to invest in this activity. By developing Internet and social networks, limitation in communications have been removed and new concepts such as networking and utilization of crowdfunding has been raised. This paper introduces a new method of collective investment fund over the Internet to exploit social capital rather than bank loans, business angels and venture capital. Due to the lack of scientific research in this field, by using inductive method we discuss about the crowdfunding phenomenon concept, development of literature in this field, goals and motivations of the participants, expressing the models, potential, obstacles and limitations of the crowdfunfing. The results indicate that the rate of this concept in the world especially in developing countries has been increasing and this model can be operated by providing cultural, technological, legal and social contexts.

Eelecting an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is time consuming due to the resource constraints, the software complexity, and the different of alternatives. A comprehensively systematic selection policy for ERP system is very important to the success of ERP project. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) method to evaluate the alternatives of ERP system. The selection criteria of ERP system are numerous and fuzzy, so how to select an adequate ERP system is crucial in the early phase of an ERP project. The framework decomposes ERP system selection into four main factors. The goal of this paper is to select the best alternative that meets the requirements with respect to “product factors”, “system factors”, “management factors” and “vendor factors”. The sub-attributes (sub-factors) related to ERP selection have been classified into thirteen main categories. These criteria and factors are weighed and prioritized and finally a framework is provided for ERP selection with the fuzzy AHP method. Also, a real case study from PARDIS-LO Company is presented.

This paper investigate the factors affecting the innovation of telecommunication in transition to mobile broadband. The methodology is qualitative through a case study approach. Since telecom is one of the key industries in terms of economy and technology. Therefore It can be a driving force behind many of other high-tech industries. The findings of this study may applies for telecommunication industry in general and mobile operators in particular. At first a literature review discusses the importance of innovation in the industry and then the factors are affecting the innovation modelized within a conceptual framework that includes internal factors such as, 1) the structure of the value chain 2) business model, 3) integration and organizational side, and 4) integration technology (between old and new equipment), and external factors includes, 1) the adoption of technology by the market and 2) regulatory. In order to validate the proposed model, a set of interviews with industry experts has been deployed.

Development of successful strategic marketing programs for the commercialization of new technology represents a challenge for small and medium sized technology-based firms. The mechanics of developing successful marketing strategies for technological innovations is a complex process from design to implementation. Technology-based SMEs play an important role in facilitating the „knowledge-based‟ or „smart‟ economies. However, technological superiority is not a guarantee for the success of a high-tech SMEs. Instead, the odds of success are maximized by a combination of technology superiority and marketing capability. In this paper, the characteristic of technology-oriented small and medium enterprises have examined according to the published key studies in the field of small and medium sized companies, the factors and barriers to the success of the companies mentioned briefly and given that marketing has been diagnosed as one of the success factors of technologybased small and medium enterprises, we reviewed the challenges and solutions of technology marketing to remind the managers of these companies that the success of a pure technology will not ensure the success of the company and marketing as one of the key elements and critical component of the success of technology-based small and medium enterprises should be a priority in their activities.

One of the successful strategies, based on knowledge-based economy, for many developed countries is the formation and development of science and technology corridors. These areas have positive impacts on the regional growth. This is the purpose of this article. For this purpose, we consider the effects of Silicon Valley, as the first and largest science and technology corridor in the world, on regional growth. Theoretical results show the science and technology corridors have positive effects such as improve competitiveness of small and medium enterprises (by using cluster structure in the organization of small and medium industries), solve problems of small and medium enterprises (With the increase in productivity based on the establishment of the company, led innovation and encouraging the formation of new businesses) increase innovation and improve technology, improve entrepreneurship and increase the venture capital (Corridors can use protection laws and insurance and take subsidies to venture capital investment) and corridor economies (external economies, economies of agglomeration, economies of scale and economies of scope). These results in Silicon Valley have been confirmed.

According to the global approach of knowledge base economy in most countries, the creation of organizations such as science and technology parks seems to be necessary considering to their influence on the development of science and technology. The main purpose of this study, is to evaluate the impact quality of the service provided by science and technology parks on growth and innovative performance of firms located in these parks. This research is an applied one which was conducted as a survey in Pardis Technology Park, as the biggest and most important science and technology park of the country, and with the help of more than 30 managers in active firms of this park. In this research, the Cronbach's alpha and Average Variance Extracted was used to measure reliability and validation. Also, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (First and Second stage), correlation test and path analysis was used for answering the questions. Innovation aspect of the study is a new look to the impact of service quality provided by science and technology parks on growth and innovative performance of independent firms located in these parks. Results indicates that the most important factor for these managers is the reliability of the clients to the park. Park staff empathy with clients is also less important factor.

Improvement of labor productivity is one of the main objectives of the economic firms. Consequently, identification of the factors that affect the productivity was significantly considered by the economists. Entreprenership is one of the factors that affect the labor force productivity. Overall, entrepreneurship prepares the ground for efficient application of new technologies in the society. Moroever, entrepreneurship support the knowledge and technologies to new goods and services and increases the labor productivity. The current study is gathering the effects of development of entrepreneurship on improvement of labor force productivity in developed and developing countries using GLS regression. The results show that in both groups of countries, human capital has an equal effect on improvement of productivity. However, the effect of per capita physical capital on labor productivity is significantly different in developed and developing countries. It is worth noting that GEDI, entrepreneurial attitudes and entrepreneurial activities indices have significant and positive effect on improvement of labor force productivity in both developing and developed countries. However, the effect of entrepreneurial aspirations on improvement of labor productivity is posititve and insignificant. The results of the current study show that the coefficient of entrepreneurial attitudes and activities in developing countries is less effective on labor productivity compared to developed countries.

Nowadays, innovation is considered the most important factor for economic growth. Innovation occurs, when an idea develops as a product, process or service. Innovation is also a management system in which, focuses on the organization mission, seeks exceptional opportunities and determines if the direction of strategy is appropriate or not. Innovation makes clear success criteria and looks for new opportunities.,on the other hand, development of knowledge based companies is one of important and effective strategies toward the realization of resistance economy and these companies have influential role in the development of knowledge based economy. In this study the Influences of organizational innovation and managerial innovation in the success rates of knowledge based companies have been investigated. The main goal of this research is the study of the effects of the organizational innovation and managerial innovation on the success rate of the knowledge based companies in Guilan Science and Technology Park. Examine and describing the obtained data from questionnaires using frequency indicators, the research hypothesis and the relationship between variables were performed using Lisrel software. Studies indicate all the hypothesis are accepted and the theoretical model is confirmed. The results show that organizational innovation and managerial innovation have positive effects on the success of knowledge based companies, the results also indicate that organizational innovation have more indirect influence in companies‟s success through innovation intensity, furthermore, innovation intensity has the most influence in companies success rate.