نشریه مراقبت امروز
پیاپی 4-5 (پاییز و زمستان 1385)

Increasing regular exercise and physical activity in adult is an important target for preventive medicine. Health behaviors such as exercise are reducing health risk factors but self-efficacy is increasingly used as a predictor of health behavior. This study was examined to determine the coloreation between self-efficacy, exercise and health risk factors in exercisers and none exercisers. This investigation utilized a descriptive-correlative design. Data were collected by Exercise self-efficacy Scale, General self-efficacy Scale, Health Risk Factors questionnaire and Para clinic tests, measuring BP and BMI from 120 people who were selected randomly and included in 2 groups. The group1 (exercisers) (n = 60) were exercising in morning for 30 minutes, three times per week and group2 (n=60) not to be training or less than they. Results revealed a positive relationship between exercise self-efficacy and exercise training (p=0.01) but general self-efficacy and exercise, self-efficacy and health risk factors werent correlated. according to findings, managers of education and exercise with appropriate plans can be helpful to develop exercise and physical activity in all of people.

Awareness of the graduates professional situation in order to orientate future plans seem to be necessary. The aim of this study was to determine the professional status and educational and research activities of the nurses and midwives who had been graduated from Nursing & Midwifery Faculty of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences between 1991-2005 Through a cross-sectional descriptive study, 256 returned questionnaires that had been sent to graduated students of Nursing &Midwifery Faculty (1991-2005) by mail were analyzed. The data collection tool was a questionnaire including questions about demographic data, professional situation, job satisfaction and educational research activities. The data were analyzed by SPSS ver.11 software and some descriptive data were obtained. 75.4% of subjects were female. 54.3% were between 20-30 years of age. 85.15% had a work-record of fewer than ten years and 96.5% of them were employed in governmental or private sections. 47.3% had income satisfaction and 65.6% of them saw a relation between their job and major of study. 57.4% had been employed within less than 1 year. 52% had an average job. 80.5% of them volunteered membership in the Graduates Club. The most educational and research activities related to their major which they reported were reading professional books and journals, attending national conference (46.9%), participating in educational workshops, seminars and congresses (42.2%). In this study, it was found that most of subjects had been employed full-time within less than 1 year after their graduation and their jobs were quite connected with their majors of study. Job satisfaction was mediocre among them and they had educational and research activities. Therefore, an awareness of the graduates professional situation in order to orientate, prospective educational schedules compatible to professional and social needs, seems to be necessary.

End stage renal disease and treaputic procedures such as hemodialysis affects the lifestyle, change in life status and roles. All of these changes can impact on quality of their life. Accordingly, increasing the number of hemodialysis patients in our country and world, so that this study was dove to determine quality of life in hemodialysis patients, who Where received hemodialysis in hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences. this study was a descriptive- corelational design, with 202 patients, who where received hemodialysis in educational centers of Iran university of medical sciences. The subjects were selected by convenience sampling method. The data were collected by the "Ferrans & power quality of life Index dialysis version" questionaire and demographic data form. Finding confirms that, (54%) patients had a high, 45.5% moderate and. 5% low quality of life. Quality of life has been shown to be a predictor for important outcomes such as survival, mortality and morbidity. Therefore, understanding factor that affect quality of life can promote health, wellbeing and increase survival in hemodialysis patient.

Empowerment process consist of enable as a motivational construct for staff members that today considerate as a Basically factor for management and organizational’ effectiveness. several studies were found that empowerment have been associated with various organizational out comes such as: organizational commitment, job satisfaction, job burnout and job autonomy in this article empowerment process and importance this issue in nursing management and nursing is elucidated. the theory’s fecet of this study include of Kanter’s theory related organizational empowerment and Spreitzer’s psychological empowerment Different studies have been show that employees with access to information, support, resources and the opportunity to learn and grow in their work setting are empowered and able to accomplish organizational goals access to these empowering structures is facilited by leadership behaviors such as: enhancing the meaningfulness to work, facilitating goal, expressing confidence and providing autonomy from bureaucratic constraints. Also factors such as: authoritarian leadership styles that encourage dependency and submissive behavior, jobs with little challenge or unrealistic goals lead to diminish self efficacy and the personal power beliefs that result in feeling of powerlessness. According to the important of empowerment, to creating empowering work structures, nursing’ managers must with Promoting of empowerment’ factors and eliminate the situations that foster powerlessness and use strategies to motivate staff nurses to accomplish tasks. Consequently, employees are more productive and effective in meeting organizational goals also quality of care is promoted.

The expansion of nursing knowledge has been noticeable in the last few decades and a lot of valid and effectivness researches have been done about of paients, care methods,but results of these researches were not utilized by clinical nurses, and a lot of nursing interventions still were done by traditional methods.the aim of this study was determine barriers of research utilization as perceived by nurses working in teaching hospitals of Khoramabad in 2004. This study was done descreptive cross-sectional desigh. Sample includs 94 RN were selected by random sampeling.The data collection instrument was a tow part questionaire:demographic and Barriers scale that includes four groups question for assess barriers of research utilization: adopter(nurse's awarness and perception), organisation, innovation and communication.data analyzed by SPSS ver.11 software. The major reported barriers of research utilization includ:inadequate facilities for implementation(96%),mananger are not cooperate(91%),insufficient time for implementation(89%),unknowledgable about research methodology(85%),lake of competent colleagues with whom to discuss research(83%). The results of this study point out that RN percieved barriers in the organization and inadequate of nurse's knowledge about research methodology.The allocation of resources for education and implementation of research findings in clinical practice is suggested(e.g diverse models of continuing education for nursing staff).in addition special positions for nurse researchers in clinical practice is suggested.

Nursing as a profession is one of the organizations and professions that play a substantial role in promotion of the community health and is responsible for providing health services and promotion of community health level.Along with development of this profession and increase the knowledge of the courts of justice on the subject of the professional nursing, the nurses acquire more legal responsibility as to their performance. among the heavy duties of nurses, the way of data transfer. reporting and report making and registration of the events without any tiny error and ignorance may bring a heavy professional responsibility that may lead to legal interrogation before courts of justice. In this research a descriptive – analytical plan with one variable for two groups was employed. One hundred student of nursing from Islamic Azad University, Qouchan branch took part in this research. Sample were taken from two groups. students of second year and students of fourth year, through method of availability. The data were gathered thourgh a questionnaire, prepared by the researcher, including 11 questions, whose stability was determined with a coefficient of a = 0.72 Keranbach The findings showed that average approach of the students of second year was 23.74 ± 4.32 and the average for the students of fourth year was 27.58 ± 4.62. T-test showed a meaningful statistical difference between the approaches of the students of the two groups (t = 4.28, p = 0.000). Since report writing is one of the important aspects of nursing, and the reports made by the nurses are an accessible source of information, it is hoped that the results of the research and knowledge on the level of the approaches of the students can be an effective step toward strengthening the scientific base and promotion of the students skills of the nursing students.

The promotion of health and economic status in all over the world, resulted in increasing the older population increases. Therefore injury is common.the most widespread cause of physical injury in people aged 60 and above is fall. It happens in the home during every day activities. Fall is the leading cause of injury-related deaths among the very elderly People. Studies show as much as 60% of falls taking place in the home, 30% occur in public places, and 10% occur in health care institutions. This study was done to determine Fall causes of elderly in Alligoodarz in 2006. this research is a descriptive study. Participatants were 210 old age(60 years up) in Alligoodarz city. The necessary information collected by a two parts questionnaire by interview. The collected data were analyzed by spss ver13.Of subjects 137(65/2%) were female and 73(34/8%) were male. In women population 93% were housewife and in male population 34% were farmer, 78% were married and 13% were widowed. mean age was 71 years. In overal, falls resulted in a fall related injury, 24% in a serious fall related injury, 13% resulted in fracture. The place of falls were stairways 30%, kitchen 27%, rooms 18%, bathroom 13%, courtyard27% and street15%. Falls is a major public health problem of older people. Therefore identification of connected factors is vital for developing both preventive and treatment programs. Most sample had fallen 1-3 times in years ago. Fall causes were visual problem, weakness body, and skeletal-joint disease. trauma Place was hallways and kitchen.

Acute myocardial infraction as one of the most common, serious, fatal disease, continuing to be the leading causes of patient death and disability in Iran and the entire world. Many myocardial infraction patients die before receiving the hospital. Rapid early action of individuals whom confronting with patient is key features for treatment, recovery, disease prognosis and decrease the mortality of their. The purpose of this study was evaluation family members knowledge in confronter myocardial infraction patients in Madani Heart Hospital of Khoramabad. This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study.Sampl was selected by random simple method. The total selected samples were 300 people of family members of myocardial infarction patients in Madani Heart Hospital of Khoramabad. In order to achieve the research objectives, questionnaire was made. The result of study clearly indicate that public heart attack awareness was favorite in khoramabad and the research findings showed that there is no significant statistical correlation between level of knowledge with sex, age and level of education The results of this study clearly indicate that public awarenes of heart attack was favorite we recommend that further studies are needed to determine the level in practice family members in confronter myocardial infraction patients.

Premature rupure of membranes is a common complication of pregnancy with incidence about 5-8%, The diagnose is based on clinical history with apparent amniotic fluid in vagina. In suspicious cases, especially when nitrazine and ferning test are not helpful, use of tests with high accuracy, low change and rapid are very useful. Important Test include, vaginal fluid creatinine and ß HCG. This study was done to determine the level of vaginal fluid ß HCG in PROM and normal pregnancy. In this Study 60 pregnant women in two groups, one with PROM and the with normal pregnancy which are matched from point of gravidiry, parity, mother's age and gestaional age, saline normal, this fluid was aspirated in the same syring and it's ß HCG was measured. Finding were evaluated with Software spss and U-Mann whitney test and T test. Mean of ß HCG in PROM group was 496. 4mIu/ml and in normal pregnancy was 8.85 mIu/ml the difference of two groups for ß HCG was significant(p< 0/001). Therefore in suspicious cases of PROM, especially when Nitrazine and Ferning tests are not helpful, level of ß HCG in vaginal fluid for diagnosis of PROM is useful.

Productivity is a philosophy, culture, belief, and social insight whose promotion indicates the growth and development of societies, and its increase as an unavoidable necessity to improve life quality, more welfare, and so on for human beings is considered a general goal for all the countries in the world. Therefore, in this direction this analytic-descriptive study was carried out communicatively to determine the effective factors on staff productivity in Lorestan University of Medical Sciences in 2000. In this research all the personnel and managers of the university were selected as the samples and a questionnaire was used as the data collecting instrument which consisted of two sections of the demographic information and the information concerning the effective factors on productivity. The productivity factors section of the questionnaire included 26 questions of seven categories and measured the effective factors on productivity. A very low to very high Likert Scale was applied as the basis of scoring, and finally the scores were interpreted as follows: very low and low as ineffective, moderate as moderately effective, and high and very high as effective. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were acquired using content validity and test-re-test procedure respectively. The data were collected using the questionnaire and were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (EPI6, chi-square). The results of the study concerning the degree of importance of effective factors on productivity showed that job identification (89.4%), power (86.4%), motivation (85.6%), environmental factors adaptation (74.1%), organizational support (81.2), reliability of decisions (79.3%), and practice output (72.4) were found to be the first to seventh most important factors on productivity respectively. Moreover, significant relationships were found between the above-mentioned factors and some individual variables such as place of work, level of education, and job experience. The results showed that productivity is highly dependent on the seven above-mentioned factors. Thus, managers have to establish realistic policies and value working so that individual, managerial, and organizational objectives will go in the same direction resulting in effectiveness and productivity.