فصلنامه سیاست علم و فناوری
سال نهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 29، بهار 1395)

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become a key driver of economic growth over the past decade. This industry also play a significant role in Iran's economy and has emphasized in 20-year's vision document and 5th national's development plan. The aim of this study is to estimate the contribution of ICT sector to GDP in Iran's 6th national development plan (2016-2020) using forecasting methods. So we have estimated Iran's GDP and ICT value added with polynomial curve fitting, ARIMA and neural networks models. The calculations showed that the contribution of ICT Sector to GDP will be 4.57, 6.2 and 3.7 percent with mentioned methods, respectively. The comparison of error characteristics showed that neural network method estimation had more performance relatively.

Due to the fragile institutional structure in developing countries, formation of national innovation system and continuing its development faced with some problems. One of the most efficient players in the innovation system, and then in NIS, are intermediary institutions that have some useful functions. These functions can be managed to reduce or eliminate these problems. The connection between the functions of these institutions and problems in our national innovation system is selected as the aim of this study. In this study, the problems of national innovation system are classified from a performance-oriented approach in 6 categories: policy making, facilitate and direct the activities of research and innovation, research and development, entrepreneurship, human resource development and technology diffusion. Then, in order to correlating the functions of intermediary institutions with their impact on problems in the national innovation system, the functions of intermediary institutions were classified in 4 categories: support and infrastructure, finance, mediatory communication and consultation. With the help of opinions of 35 experts through a questionnaire, the impact of each function of the intermediary institutions to overcome the weaknesses of the national innovation system was determined. Support functions had the most impact on facilitating and directing the activities of research and innovation; finance functions on research and development and entrepreneurship; mediatory functions on technology diffusion, and consultation functions on entrepreneurship and technology diffusion.

This study aims to answer the question ofwhat are the failures of the biofuels innovation system in Iran. To attain this goal, it conducts a structural analysis (actors, institutions, networks, infrastructures). By studying path of formation and growth Iran's biofuels sector using technological innovation system approach and effects of various functions on each other using structural equation modeling determines the motor of innovation. Finally, through interaction between structural and functional properties, failures of biofuels system will be identified and based on motors of innovation, importance of these failures in creating vicious circles and converting it to virtous circles will be studied.

In the recent decades, the different studies have been done by researchers about regional innovation models. Innovation in the regions especially is important for big and developing countries such as Iran. The research objective is the identifying of the effective factors for developing high technology-based innovations in Iran regions. Based on the literature review, 6 dimensions and 26 factors were identified as the preliminary theoretical pattern. Also four technology (Bio, Nano, IT, Aero) were investigated in the research base on theoretical pattern. For investigating each technology (case studies), the documents, the believes of interviewers and statistical methods were used by researchers. The Cross-case analysis and Whithin-case analysis were done in selected technology and the differentiations and common points were analyzed by real and theoretical repetition. The 16 factors of theoretical pattern have real repetitive for analytical extension. The national and international collaboration policies as a transregional dimension has 3 factors. Also the regional dimensions in the final framework are the social and cultural properties of the region, the level of economical and industrial development in the region, the locational advantages and properties of the region and the learning and knowledge flows in the region.

Innovation and creativity are words that usually used widely and the concept of the creative economy in policy documents of major European countries such as EU, UNDP And strategies in other international organizations is clearly visible. The concept of creativity, cultural industry, creative industry and particularly the creative industries in Iran, has considered by few of scholars and researchers. However look at the attention of other countries to understand this concept and its consequences have led to profound changes in thinking and attitude of cultural and economic policy makers. The aim of this study is to create a better and deeper understanding of the concept of cultural and creative industries from the perspective of the key success factors of this industry. In this research Using 40 experts in the field of creative industries, Which were selected based on criteria of expertise and experience activities, and applying Importance-Performance Analysis to examines the key success factors in the country's creative industries. The results indicated that Considering key success factors in the industry, in terms of experts and participants in this industry, with the exception of cultural capital, are not currently in desirable status.

This study was conducted with the purpose of addressing the production of scientific works in the field of privatization of higher education abroad and the acquisition of discussions and components focused by studies, the results of the studies and the descriptive and formal analysis of the studies. Accordingly all works produced within the period of 2000-2015 in the Faculty of Education and Psychology database of Shahid Beheshti University were studied. The works were extracted from 33 journals in the field of higher education, including 24 scientific documents including 18 articles, 5 books and a thesis in the field of private higher education and analyzed by descriptive - analytic method. The findings are presented in three parts, the first part, related to the issues and factors considered by the study results showed that topics including the reason of privatization of higher education, goals, advantages and disadvantages and different types of private higher education institutions have been more focused by the researchers. In the second part the results indicated that indiscriminate expansion of the private sector in higher education has led to lower quality, rising unemployment, failure to reduce financial dependence on public sector budgets, lack of responsiveness to labor market needs and priorities of individual interests to the social interests. In the third part the result of formal and descriptive analysis of the studies showed that 58.3% of the studies have been conducted within the years of 2011-2015 and 83% of the studies have used qualitative research and library method and only 17% have used the quantitative method and interviews and questionnaires. In terms of national and transnational studies71% of the studies were national and 29% of the studies were transnational. In terms of cooperation and partnerships the group research was 8% higher than the individual research.