فهرست مطالب

Medical Laboratory Journal
Volume:7 Issue: 3, 2013

تاریخ انتشار: 1392/06/29
تعداد عناوین: 12

فارسی
English

انتخاب همه

Drug- Resistance- Associated Mutations and HIV Sub-Type Determination in Drug-Naïve and HIV-Positive Patients under Treatment with Antiretroviral Drugs

H. Naziri, A. Tabarraei, A. Ghaemi, Ma Davarpanah, N. Javid, A. Moradi Pages 1-8

Background And Objective

Resistance to antiretroviral agents is a significant concern in clinical management of HIV-infected individuals. Resistance is the result of mutations that develops in the viral protein targeted by antiretroviral agents.

Material And Methods

In this cross-sectional study، the blood samples of 40 HIV-positive patients were collected. Twenty of them were drug-naïve and the rest were under treatment for at least one year by antiretroviral agents. Virus genome was extracted from patient''s plasma with high-pure-viral-nucleic-acid kit. Then، by means of reverse-transcriptase and specific primers of protease genes were amplified and sequenced. Sequences of genes، drug- antiretroviral- resistant mutations and subtypes were determined using Stanford University’s HIV-drug-resistance databases.

Results

Drug-naive patients show 15% resistance to nucleoside-reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) and 20% resistance to non-nucleoside-reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). Anti-protease resistance is not observed in any patients. In under treatment patients، drug resistance to NNRTI (25%) is more than drug resistance to NRTI (20%) and the rate of drug resistance to protease inhibitor is 5%.

Conclusion

Our findings show a high prevalence of drug-resistant mutations in Iranian-drug-naïve-HIV-infected patients. But in under treatment individuals، the rate of drug resistance is less than previous studies.

Keywords: HIV, Nucleoside Inhibitor, Non, Protease Inhibitor

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Comparison of Molecular (PCR) and Pap Smear Methods in Diagnosis of Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) in Women with Genital Warts

H. Bashi Zadeh Fakhar, R. Faraji, M. Ghane, M. Jafarpour, B. Ashoorizadeh Pages 9-15

Background And Objective
Much research has shown that Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) plays an important role in cervix cancer and it is the cause of 99% of cervix cancer worldwide. Lots of research has been done to find a proper method for HPV diagnosis and screening in patients with genital warts. This study aimed at comparing PCR method with Pap smear test in HPV screening.
Material And Methods
Considering the presence of DNA of HPV، 45 vaginal and cervix swap samples of women with genital warts were tested by means of specific PCR and Pap smear from September 2010 to April 2011.
Results
Out of 45 vaginal and cervix swap samples of women suffering genital warts، 37 samples (82. 2%) are positive. Of 45 Pap smear samples، 13 (29%) are neoplasia and 32 (71%) normal.
Conclusion
The difference between the results of PCR and Pap smear is due to low specification and sensitivity of Pap smear. Thus it is recommended using diagnostic PCR method in addition to Pap smear in order to promote the quality of screening in individuals with genital warts.
Keywords: Human Papiloma Virus (HPV), Genital Warts, Molecular (PCR), Pap Smear

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Diagnostic Value of Fructosamine and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Estimating Blood Glucose Level in Diabetic Patients with Thalassemia Major

M. Kosaryan, Mr, A. Aliasgharian, M. Mousavi, P. Roshan Pages 16-23

Background And Objective
Diabetes mellitus is one of complications that thalassemia major patients face with. Hence، blood glucose monitoring is of vital importance to these patients. Because of high level of fetal hemoglobin in these patients، the measurement of hemoglobin A1c is not reliable and should be displaced by fructosamine test.
Material And Methods
The current descriptive study was carried out on 33 beta-thalassemia major patients afflicted with diabetes mellitus (21 female and 12 male cases). Blood glucose level، fructosamine، hemoglobin A1c، serum ferritin and fetal hemoglobin were measured.
Results
Blood glucose levels are 204±103 mg/dL and 221±101 mg/dL (p=0. 63); fetal hemoglobin levels are 9%±7% and 13%±9% (p=0. 22); serum ferritin levels are 1744±1534 ng/mL and 3253±1773 ng/mL (p=0. 96) in female and male patients، respectively. The level of fructosamine (42±124 mmol/L) and glycosylated hemoglobin (8. 9%±1. 8%) are correlated significantly (r=0. 69، p<0. 01). Both Hemoglobin A1c (r=0. 75، p<0. 01) and fructosamine (r=0. 54، p<0/01) show a significant correlation with blood glucose level.
Conclusion
In diabetic thalassemia major patients with frequent blood transfusion، the level of fructosamine and glycosylated hemoglobin are related significantly، therefore; they can be used alternatively.
Keywords: Thalassemia major, Fructosamine, Hemoglobin A1c, Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
The Comparison of Serum Vitamin D Level in Patients with Iron Deficiency Anemia and Minor Thalassemia

S. Royani, S. Alijanpor, Z. Shirbaghaei, R. Khorasaninejad, Gh Roshandel, Aa Ayatollahi, Hr Joshaghani Pages 24-30

Background And Objective
Of the most common hypochromic microcytic anemia are iron deficiency anemia and minor thalassemia، which are common in Iran and their differential diagnosis is extremely important. The level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D is the indication of vitamin D blood status. The aim of this study was to compare serum levels of vitamin D in people with minor thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia with healthy subjects in order to investigate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and iron absorption.
Material And Methods
In this case-control study، 24 patients with minor thalassemia، 20 patients with iron deficiency anemia and 24 healthy individuals participated. Groups were matched for age and sex. Testing of Vitamin D level by ELISA، ferritin by quantitative luminescence method and HbA2 by column chromatography was carried out.
Results
The number of individuals with low level of vitamin D in iron deficiency group is 15 (75%)، in minor thalassemia group is 8 (33/3%) and in the control group 11 (45. 8%).
Conclusion
In this study، the highest percentage of vitamin D deficiency is observed in cases with iron deficiency anemia. Because of association between vitamin D and anemia، iron and vitamin D supplementation is recommended to enrich the diet.
Keywords: Anemia, Minor Thalassemia, Iron Deficiency Anemia, Vitamin D

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Frequency of Dermatophytosis in Wrestling and Bodybuilding Halls in Challous, 2010

F. Forghani, A. Nasrollahi Omran, M. Kouchaki, A. Mirzaie Pages 31-37

Background And Objective
One of the most common diseases of keratin tissues is dermatophytosis caused by dermatophyte fungi. Because of being contagious، it has a high prevalence rate in wrestling and body building gyms. This study was designed to evaluate the process of this disease and improve the hygiene of halls.
Material And Methods
The Samples (N= 540) were obtained from athletes and gyms، and a questionnaire was used to gather information. To identify various specious of dermatophyte، the routine diagnostic procedures، culture media، and supplementary tests were performed.
Results
Of samples taken from athletes، 59 wrestlers and 11 body builders suffer from dermatophytosis. Trichophytontonsurans (%28. 81) and Epidermophytonfloccosum (%36. 36) are the main isolates in wrestlers and body builders. Also the rate of epidermophytonfloccosum (%37. 5) is the highest in the samples taken from gym mats and halls.
Conclusion
Because of high prevalence of dermatophytosis، pay attention to increase of hygiene and training courses for coaches and athletes are crucially important.
Keywords: Dermatophytosis, Wrestling, Body Building Halls, Challous

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
Analysis of Anti-Enterococcal Activity of Three Honey Samples in Golestan Province

A. Shariati, Hr Pordeli, Me Tajari, E. Yazarloo, S. Kaghazloo, N. Ebrahimi Pages 38-45

Background And Objective
Understanding the resistance patterns of bacteria and their sensitivity and attempting to find new compounds with broad effective spectrum would be significant in controlling infection. This study aimed at evaluating antibacterial potential of three honey samples produced in Golestan province، Iran، against Enterococcus faecalis strains.
Material And Methods
After the isolation and identification of bacterial strains، their antibiotic resistance was determined using Kirby-Bauer method. Then، seven isolates of Enterococcus faecalis with multidrug-resistance were selected and antibacterial activities of honey samples assessed by disk-diffusion، well-diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration test (MIC).
Results
The highest diameter of inhibition zone in disk-diffusion and well diffusion methods is 20 mm and 26 mm، respectively. Also the MIC is measured 62. 5 mg. ml for all samples.
Conclusion
In prohibiting microbial growth، all three samples were successful and they could prevent growing bacterial infection in spite of remarkable resistance of Entrococcus. Hence، further research should be conducted to assess the effects of honey samples against other bacteria.
Keywords: Multidrug, Resistance, Enterococcus spp, Honey, Golestan Province

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian
The Prevalence of Intestinal Worms and Amebiasis in Gorgan(2005-2011)

F. Koohsar, A. Amini, Aa Ayatollahi, F. Niknezhad, Z. Abbasi Nejat Pages 54-60

Background And Objective
In many countries، especially in developing countries، diarrheal diseases is one of the most important causes of mortality. In these countries، due to availability transfer conditions of parasitic infections، (pathogenic and non-pathogenic parasite)، have a high prevalence. This study aimed was determining the prevalence of Parasites causing diarrhea in Gorgan.
Material And Methods
This cross-sectional study was performed on 1086 Patients with acute diarrhea. The test was performing by the wetmount and formalin-ether concentration method according to WHO protocol.
Results
From 1086 patients in study، 197 (18. 1%) were infected by intestinal parasites، that 141 (13%) were infected with Protozoan and 79 (7. 27%) were infected with intestinal worms. The prevalence of wet mount method was، Entamoebahistolytica in 69 (6. 4%)، Giardia lamblia in 27 (2. 5%)، Entamoeba coli in 15 (1. 4%)، Chilomastixmesnili in 8 (0. 7%)، and with formalin-ether method was Hymenolepis nana in 26 (2. 4%)، Trichostrongylus in 16 (1. 5%)، Enterobiusvermicularis in 10 (0. 9%).
Conclusion
The high prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica، is indicating protozoan importance as a cause of acute diarrhea.
Keywords: Intestinal Parasites, Diarrhea, Wetmount, Formalin Ether, Gorgan

Abstract View Paper Original: Persian

علمی مصوب

Medical Laboratory Journal

مجله علوم آزمایشگاهی

دوماهنامه پزشکی به زبان انگلیسی

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eISSN: 2538-4449

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دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گلستان

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علیرضا احمدی

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دکتر حمیدرضا جوشقانی

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فهرست مطالب

Medical Laboratory Journal Volume:7 Issue: 3, 2013

Medical Laboratory Journal

مجله علوم آزمایشگاهی

Medical Laboratory Journal
Volume:7 Issue: 3, 2013